Some emails have images that are repeated when viewed both on the web client (mail.zoho.com) and when using the Zoho Mail android app. It looks like perhaps some of the email styling is being ignored or applied incorrectly, as a brief inspection of the html source reveals that one image may be intended for desktop and the other mobile, but both are erroneously being shown at the same time. Example is attached. The same emails viewed on Gmail or the Thunderbird client do not exhibit the issue.