Supported Functions

Zoho Analytics provides you with a variety of inbuilt functions which are predefined mathematical formulas designed to perform specific well-known calculations easily. This section lists the supported inbuilt functions.

Formula Column In-built functions

The following table gives a list of inbuilt functions provided by Zoho Analytics which can be used to create any formula. The inbuilt formulas are categorized/grouped based on the type of function.

Date Functions
FUNCTION	DESCRIPTION	EXAMPLE
Absolute Month - absmonth(date_column)	This function will return month and year from a given date value with the format (Month, yyyy).	absmonth('2011/8/7') = August, 2011
Absolute Quarter - absquarter(date_column)	This function will return Quarter and year from a given date value with the format (Quarter, yyyy).	absquarter('2011/8/7') = Q3, 2011
Absolute Week - absweek(date_column)	This function will return week and year from a given date value with the format (Week, yyyy).	absweek('06/04/2011') = W14, 2011
Add Date - adddate(date_column, num_of_days)	This function will add the specified number of days(num_of_days) to the given date value.	adddate('2011/8/7',10) = 2011/8/1
Add Week addweek(date_column, num_of_weeks)	This function will add the specified number of weeks(num_of_weeks) to the given date value.	addweek('2013-08-27',10) = 2013-11-05
Add Month addmonth(date_column, num_of_months)	This function will add the specified number of months(num_of_months) to the given date value.	addmonth('2013-08-27',10) = 2014-06-27
Add Quarter addquarter(date_column, num_of_quarters)	This function will add the specified number of quarter(num_of_quarter) to the given date value.	addquarter('2013-08-27',10) = 2016-02-27
Add Year addyear(date_column, num_of_years)	This function will add the specified number of year(num_of_year) to the given date value.	addyear('2013-08-27',10) = 2023-08-27
Add Time - addtime(data_column, time)	This function returns the day by adding the time to the given date column.	addtime ('2002/02/21 18:23:26', '01:20:10') = 2002/02/21 19:43:36
Add Hours addhour(date_column, num_of_hours)	This function returns the day by adding the number of hours to the given date column.	addhour('2013-08-27',10) = 2013-08-27 10:00:00
Add Minutes addminute(date_column, num_of_minutes)	This function returns the day by adding the number of minutes to the given date column.	addminute('2013-08-27',10) = 2013-08-27 00:10:00
Add Seconds addsecond(date_column, num_of_seconds)	This function returns the day by adding the number of seconds to the given date column.	addsecond('2013-08-27',10) = 2013-08-27 00:00:10
Peroid Add period_add(year_month, num_of_months)	Adds the specified number of months to the period and returns in the format 'yrmth'.	period_add(198608,6) = 198702
Age Months age_months(from_date, to_date [Optional])	This function returns the age in months between the two given date columns	age_months('2013-08-27','2014-06-28') = 10
Age Years age_years(from_date, to_date [Optional])	This function returns the age in months between the two given date columns	age_years('2013-08-27','2018-08-03') = 4
Business Completion Day business_completion_day(from_date, num_of_days, exclude_weekends [Optional])	This function returns the date adding the given number of days excluding the specified weekends. In case weekends is not provided, then Saturday and Sunday are considered as weekends by default.	business_completion_day('2018-01-01',10) = 2018-01-15
Business Days business_days(from_date, to_date, exclude_weekends [Optional])	This function returns the count of the business days between the two given date columns excluding specified weekends. In case weekends is not provided, then Saturday and Sunday are considered as weekends by default.	business_days('2018-01-27','2018-08-03') = 134
Business Hours business_hours(from_datetime, to_datetime, work_start_time, work_end_time, exclude_weekends [Optional])	This function returns the count of business hours in the business days between the two given datetime columns. In case weekends is not provided, then Saturday and Sunday are considered as weekends by default.	business_hours('2018-01-27 10:00:00','2018-08-03 08:00:00','09:00:00','10:00:00','1000001') = 134
Convert String to Date convert_string_to_date(string_column, date_format_of_the_value)	Converts the string into date and returns it in the specified format.	convert_string_to_date('24/12/2009', '%d/%m/%Y') = 2009-12-24
Convert to Datetime convert_to_datetime(string_column, date_format)	This function returns the date-time value by converting the given string.	convert_to_datetime('2013 Aug 27','yyyy MMM dd') = 27 Aug, 2013
Convert TZ convert_tz(date_column, current_timezone_offset, timezone_to_be_converted_offset)	This function returns the date and time value in converted timezone.	convert_tz('2004-01-01 12:00:00','+00:00','+10:00') = 2004-01-01 22:00:00
Current Date currentdate()	This function returns the current date of the computer or server.	currentdate() = 15 Sep, 2011 10:06:18
Current Time current_time()	This function returns the current time.
Current Timestamp current_timestamp()	This function returns the current date and time.
Now now()	Returns the current date and time.
Today today()	Returns today's date.
Tomorrow tomorrow()	Returns tomorrow's date.
Yesterday yesterday()	Returns yesterday's date.
UTC date utc_date()	Returns the current UTC date.
UTC time utc_time()	Returns the current UTC time.
UTC date-time utc_timestamp()	Returns the current UTC date-time value.
Date date(date_column)	This function returns the date part of the given date and time value.	date('2013-08-07 14:15:16') = 2013-08-07
Date Format date_format(date_column, date_format_to_be_converted)	This function returns the string form of the date for given date format.	date_format('2008-08-03','%W %M %Y') = Sunday August 2008
Date and Time Diff - dateand timediff(Unit, From Date, To Date[optional]	This function returns the date and time difference between two date columns based on the units specified. The supported units are SECOND, MINUTE, HOUR, DAY, WEEK, MONTH, QUARTER, YEAR.	dateandtimediff(DAY, '2015-01-01', '2015-05-01')=120 The above example returns the difference between the given dates in Days.
Date Diff datediff(date_column1, date_column2)	This function returns the difference between the two given date columns.	datediff('2011/8/11','2010/9/11') = 334
Period Diff period_diff(year_month, year_month)	Returns the difference between two periods in months.	period_diff(198608,198602) = 2
Day - day(date_column)	This function returns the day of the given date value.	day( '2011/9/9') =
Day Name dayname(date_column)	This function returns the name of the weekday for the given date value(Sunday,Monday,...).	dayname('1990-08-07') = Tuesday
Day of Week dayofweek(date_column)	This function will return the number of the day of week of the given date value (Sunday = 1, Monday = 2,...).	dayofweek('2011/9/9') = 6
Day of Month dayofmonth(date_column)	This function returns the day of the month for the given date value.	dayofmonth('1990-08-07') = 7
Day of Quarter dayofquarter(date_column)	This function returns the count of days from the start day of the quarter to the given date value.	dayofquarter('2017-08-07') = 38
Day of Year - dayofyear(date_column)	This function will return the number of the day of the year of the given date value (0 through 365).	dayofyear('2011/9/2') = 245
Days Between days_between(from_date, to_date [Optional])	This function returns the count of day between the two given date.	days_between('2018-01-27','2018-08-03') = 188
End date end_day(date_units, date_column)	This function returns the end date for the given date value and date units.	end_day(month,'2018-08-27') = 2018-08-31
First Date Current Week first_date_current_week(date_column, week_start_day [Optional])	This function returns the day the current week begins with. You can choose to set the start day of your week in the parameter week_start_day by specifying 1 - Sunday, 2- Monday,... 7 - Saturday. By default Sunday is the first day of the week.	first_date_current_week('2013-10-11') = 2013-10-06
From Unixtime - fromunixtime(seconds)	This function returns the unix time for the given seconds value.	fromunixtime('1000') = 1970/01/01 05:46:40
Hour - hour(date_column)	This function returns the hour of the given date value.	hour('2011/8/7 10:35:23') = 10
Last Day - lastday(date_column)	This function returns the last day of the month for the given date value.	lastday('2011/9/7') = 2011/9/30
Last N Days last_nday(date_column, num_of_days)	This function returns a date that is N number of days before the given date.	last_nday('2018-08-04',15) = 2018-07-21
Last N Months last_nmonth(date_column, num_of_months)	This function returns the date value for the given year and num_of_days values.	makedate('2000','23') = 2000-01-23
Next N Days next_nday(date_column, num_of_days)	Returns a date that is N number of days after the given date. This is calculated from a day after the given date.	next_nday('2018-08-04',15) = 2018-08-19
Next N Month next_nmonth(date_column, num_of_months)	Returns a date that is N number of months after the given date. This is calculated from a day after the given date.	next_nmonth('2018-08-04',15) = 2019-11-04
Next Weekday next_weekday(date_column, weekday)	Returns the next date when the specified weekday falls.	next_weekday('2018-08-01',1) = 2018-08-05
Previous N Day previous_nday(date_column, num_of_days)	Returns a date that is N number of days before the given date. This is calculated from a day before the given date.	previous_nday('2018-08-04',15) = 2018-07-20
Previous N Months previous_nmonth(date_column, num_of_months)	Returns a date that is N number of months before the given date. This is calculated from a day before the given date.	previous_nmonth('2018-08-04',15) = 2017-05-04
Make Date - makedate(year,num_of_days)	This function returns the date value for the given year and number of the day value (0 through 365)	makedate('2011','23') = 2011/1/23
Microsecond microsecond(date_column)	This function returns the microsecond value from the given date-time argument value.	microsecond('1990-08-07 10:35:23.3427') = 342700
Minute - minute(date_column)	This function returns the minutes of the given date value.	minute('2011/8/7 10:35:23') = 35
Second - second(date_column)	This function returns the seconds of the given date/time value.	second('2011/9/7 10:35:23') = 23
Modified Time -modifiedtime()	This function returns the created time of the record (if the record is newly added) or the last modified time of the record. When you apply this function, initially it will return the time at which the formula has been created. Subsequently it will return only the modified time of the record.
Month - month(date_column)	This function returns the name of the month of the given date value.	month('2011/9/7') = September
Month Name monthname(date_column)	This function returns the name of the month of the given date value.	monthname('2011/9/7') = September
Month Number - monthnum(date_column)	This function returns the number of the month of the given date value.	monthnum('2011/9/7') = 9
Months Between months_between(from_date, to_date [Optional], iswhole_value [Optional])	Returns the count of months in fractional value considering 31 days as a month.	months_between('2013-08-27','2018-08-03',1) = 59
Quarter - quarter(date_column)	This function returns the quarter of the given date value.	quarter('2011/8/7') = Q3
Quarter Name quartername(date_column, fiscal_start_month [Optional])	Returns the quarter name of the given date value as a string.	quartername('1990-08-07') = Q3
Quarter Number quarternum(date_column, fiscal_start_month [Optional])	Returns the quarter of the given date in numeric format.	quarternum('1990-08-07') = 3
Second to Time sec_to_time(seconds)	Converts the given number of seconds to time and returns it in hours, minutes and seconds.	sec_to_time(86399) = 23:59:59
Second second(date_column)	Returns the seconds of the given date value.	second('1990-08-07 10:35:23') = 23
Start Date start_day(date_units, date_column)	Returns the start date for given date value and date units.	start_day(month,'2018-08-27') = 2018-08-01
Sub Date - subdate(date_column,num_of_days)	This function returns the date by subtracting the number of days(num_of_days) from the given date value.	subdate('2011/9/15','6') = 1990/9/9
Sub Time - subtime(date_column,time)	This function returns the date by subtracting the time from the given date with time value.	subtime('2011/02/21 18:23:26','01:20:10') = 2011/02/21 17:03:16
Time time(date_column)	Returns the time value of the given date-time value argument.	time('2013-08-07 14:15:16') = 14:15:16
Time Format time_format(time, time_format_to_be_converted)	Converts the time to the specified format and returns the same.	time_format('19:30:41.32','%H %h %i %s %f') = 19 07 30 41 320000
Time to Sec time_to_sec(date_column)	Converts the time value in hours and minutes to seconds and returns the same.	time_to_sec('2013-08-07 14:15:16') = 51316
Time Diff timediff(to_date, from_date)	Returns the difference between two time values passed in the 2 arguments.	timediff('1990-08-17 16:15:14','1990-08-17 14:15:16') = 01:59:58
Timestamp timestamp(date_column)	Returns the date time expression for a given date value.	timestamp('2008-11-05') = 2008-11-05 00:00:00
Timestamp Add timestampadd(unit, numeric_column, date_column)	Returns the date time after adding the specified number of interval.	timestampadd(week,1,'2008-11-05 19:00:00') = 2008-11-12 19:00:00
Timestamp Diff timestampdiff(unit, from_date, to_date)	Subtracts the first argument from the second argument and returns the value in the specified unit.	timestampdiff(year,'2002-05-01','2001-01-01') = -1
Unix Timestamp unix_timestamp(date_column [Optional])	Calculates the total number of seconds fromï¿1⁄2 the date '1970-01-01 00:00:00' to the given date-timeï¿1⁄2 and returns the same.	unix_timestamp('2018-10-10 12:35:45') = 1539174945
Week week(date_column)	Returns the week of the given date.	week('2008-01-14') = 2
Weekday weekday(date_column)	Returns weekday of the given date value.	weekday('1990-08-07') = Tuesday
Week of Month weekofmonth(date_column)	Returns the week number of the month for the given date value.	weekofmonth('2008-01-14') = 3
Week of Year weekofyear(date_column, week_start_day [Optional], week_mode [Optional], fiscal_start_month [Optional]	Returns the week number of the given date as numeric value.	weekofyear('1990-08-07') = 32
Year - year(date_column)	This function returns year from the given date value.	year('2011/9/7') = 2011
Year Week yearweek(date_column)	Returns the year and week of the given date.	yearweek('2008-01-14') = 200802
Numeric Functions
FUNCTION	DESCRIPTION	EXAMPLE
Abs - abs(numeric_column)	This function returns the absolute value (number without sign) of the 'numeric_column'	pi() = 3.14159265358979
Acos - acos(numeric_column)	This function returns the arc cosine value of the specified 'numeric_column'. Returns NULL if the 'numeric_column' is not in the range-1 to 1.	pow(2,3) = 8
Asin - asin(numeric_column)	This function returns the arc sine value of the specified 'numeric_column'. Returns NULL if the 'numeric_column' is not in the range-1 to 1.	rand() = 0.282164005825449
Atan - atan(numeric_column)	This function returns the arc tangent value of the specified 'numeric_column'.	atan(2) = 1.107149
Atan2 - atan2(numeric_column1, numeric_column2)	This function returns the arc tangent of the specified columns 'numeric_column1' / 'numeric_column2	atan2(0.8, 0.6) = 0.927295
Ceil - ceil(numeric_column)	This functions rounds the 'numeric_column' to the nearest integer which is greater than the 'numeric_column'	ceil(11.56) = 12
Ceiling ceiling(numeric_column)	Returns the smallest integer that is greater than or equal to the value of the argument.	ceiling(10.43) = 11
Conv conv(column, current_base, to_be_converted_base)	Converts the number string from the given base to the required base.	conv('a',16,2) = 1010
Convert base convertbase(column, current_base, to_be_converted_base)	Returns the converted string representation of the number N, from current base to the to be converted base.	convertbase('a',16,2) = 1010
Cos - cos(numeric_column)	This function returns the cosine value of the specified 'numeric_column'	cos(0) = 1
Cot - cot(numeric_column)	This function returns the cotangent value of the specified 'numeric_column'	cot(0.25) = 3.916317
CRC32 crc32(string_column)	Returns a 32 bit unsigned output after calculating the cyclic redundency check.	crc32('111') = 1298878781
Degrees - degrees(numeric_column)	This function returns the angle in Degrees equivalent to the given Radians	degrees(1) = 57.2957795
Exp - exp(numeric_column)	This function returns the exponential value of the 'numeric_column'	exp(2) = 7.389056
Floor - floor(numeric_column)	Rounds the 'numeric_column' to the nearest integer which is less than the 'numeric_column'	floor(11.56) = 11
Format format(numeric_column1, numeric_column2)	Formats the number by rounding off the number to decimal places specified in the second argument and returns the value.	format(1.0001111,5) = 1.00011
Greatest - greatest(numeric_column,..., numeric_column)	Gives the greatest of the given arguments.	greatest(10,20,5) = 20
Least - least(numeric_column,..., numeric_column)	Gives the least of the given arguments.	log10(3) = 0.477121
Ln - ln(numeric_column)	This function returns the natural logarithm of the specified 'numeric_column'	ln(5) = 1.609438
Log log2(numeric_column)	Returns the logarithm to the base-2 of the numeric column.	log2(32) = 5
Log10 - log10(numeric_column)	This function returns the logarithm to the base-10 of the specified 'numeric_column'	log10(3) = 0.477121
Log2 - log2(numeric_column)	This function returns the logarithm to the base-2 of the 'numeric_column	log2(32) = 5
Mod - mod(numeric_column1, numeric_column2)	Returns the remainder of the 'numeric_column1' divided by 'numeric_column2'	mod(10,3) = 1
OCT oct(column)	Returns the octal value of the number given in the argument.	oct(12) = 14
Pi - pi()	This function returns the numeric value of the pi.	pi() = 3.14159265358979
Power - pow(numeric_column1, numeric_column2)	This function returns the value of 'numeric_column1' raised to the power of 'numeric_column2'	pow(2,3) = 8
Random - rand()	Returns a random value between 0 and 1.	rand() = 0.9233482386203
Radians - radians(numeric_column)	Returns the angle in radians equivalent to the given degrees	radians(180) = 3.1415926
Round - round(numeric_column)	Returns the rounded integer value of the 'numeric_column'.	round(10.67) = 11
Sign - sign(numeric_column)	Returns-1, 0, or 1, if the 'numeric_column' is negative, zero, or positive.	sign(-23) =-1
Sin - sin(numeric_column)	Returns the sine value of the 'numeric_column'.	sin(0) = 0
Square - square(numeric_column)	Returns the square of the specified 'numeric_column'.	square(10) = 100
Square Root - sqrt(numeric_column)	Returns the square root of the specified 'numeric_column'.	sqrt(16) = 4
Tan - tan(numeric_column)	Returns the tangent value of the specified 'numeric_column'.	tan(0.5) = 0.546302
String Functions
FUNCTION	DESCRIPTION	EXAMPLE
ASCII ascii(string_column)	Returns the ASCII value of the first character of the given argument.	ascii('abcddb') = 97
Bit Length bit_length(string_column)	Returns the value of the length of the string argument in bits.	bit_length('AA') = 16
Char char(numeric_column)	Returns a String of characters formed from the code values of the ASCII code given in the arguments.	char(97,98) = ab
Char Length char_length(string_column)	Returns the number of characters present in the argument.	char_length('aa1') = 3
Character Length character_length(string_column)	Returns the number of characters present in the argument.	character_length('aa1') = 3
Concat - concat(string_column,...,string_column)	Returns the concatenated string of the given arguments. If any one of the argument is null, it returns null.	concat('abcd','ef','db') = abcdefdbd
Concat Ignore Null concat_ignore_null(string_column1, string_column2, ...)	Returns the concatenated string of the given value ignoring null.	concat('abcd','ef',null,'db') = abcdefdb
Concat_WS - concat_ws(separator,string_column1 ,....,string_columnN)	Returns the concatenated string of the given arguments separated by the given separator. If the separator is null, it returns null.	concat_ws('-','abcd','ef','db') = abcd-ef-db
ELT elt(numeric_column, string_column1, string_column2, ...)	Returns the string value availableï¿1⁄2 at the index number specified in the first argument.	elt('2','red','rose','is','beautiful') = rose
Field field(string_column1, string_column2, ...)	Searches the value in the first argument with all the rest of the arguments and returns the position of the argument where the first match is found.	field('as','has','as','have') = 2
Find in Set find_in_set(string_column, string_column)	Searches the value in the first argument with the substrings in the second argument, seperated by commas, and returns the position of the substring where the first match is found.	find_in_set('10','2,5,8,10') = 4
Hex hex(string_column)	Returns the corresponding hexadecimal number for each character of the given string.	hex(255) = FF
Insert - insert(string_column, start_pos, len, new_string)	Returns the string 'string_column', with the substring beginning at position 'start_pos' and 'len' characters long replaced by the string 'new_string'. 'start_pos' should be greater than 0. When len is zero, the 'new_string' is inserted previous to the position 'start_pos'.	insert('abcddb', 3, 2, 'efgh') = abefghdb
Initial Cap initcap(string_column)	Converts the first character to upper case.	initcap('analytics') = Analytics
Index of - indexof(string_column, sub_string)	Returns the index of the first occurrence of the string 'sub_string' in string 'string_column'.	indexof('abcddb','db') = 5
Instr instr(string_column, sub_string)	Returns the position of the first match of second string argument in the first argument.	instr('impossible','possible') = 3
Lcase lcase(string_column)	Returns the string 'string_column' with all characters of the given column changed to lowercase.	lcase('ABCd') = abcd
Left - left(string_column, len)	Returns the 'len' number of characters from the left-hand side of the string 'string_column'.	left('abcdef',3) = abc
Length - length(string_column)	Returns the character length of the string.	length('abcddb') = 6
Locate locate(sub_string, string_column, start_pos)	Returns the index of the first occurence of the string 'sub_string' in string 'string_column' starting at the position 'start_pos'.	locate('db','zohodbdb',6) = 7
Lower lower(string_column)	Returns the string 'string_column' with all characters of the given column changed to lowercase.	lower('AbCD') = abcd
Lowercase - lowercase(string_column)	Returns the string 'string_column' with all characters changed to lowercase.	lowercase('AbCD') = abcd
Lpad - lpad(string_column, len, pad_string)	Returns the string 'string_column', left-padded to a length of 'len' characters with the string 'pad_string'. If length of the string 'string_column' is greater than 'len', then the first 'len' characters of 'string_column' is returned.	lpad('DB',5,'a') = aaaDB
Ltrim - ltrim(string_column)	Returns the string 'string_column' with leading spaces removed.	ltrim(' abcd') = abcd
Make Set make_set(numeric_column, string_column, ...)	Returns the corresponding 'set' of arguments from the string arguments that have the bit specified in the first argument.	make_set(1,'a','b','c') = a
Mid mid(string_column, start_pos, string_len)	Return a string from 'string_column' starting at position 'start_pos' with a character length of 'len'.	mid('abcddb', 1, 4) = abcd
Octet Length octet_length(string_column)	Returns the byte length of the string.	octet_length('abcddb') = 6
ORD ord(string_column)	If the first character of the string argument is a multi-byte character, then the code calculated from the below formula is returned. 1st byte code + (2nd byte code * 256) + (3rd byte code * 256 * 256) + . . .	ord('2') = 50
Repeat - repeat(string_column,count)	repeat('Abcd',3) = 'AbcdAbcdAbcd'
Replace - replace(string_column, from_string, to_string)	Returns the string with all occurrences of the string 'from_str' replaced by the string 'to_str'	replace('abcdac','ac','db') = abcddb
Reverse - reverse(string_column)	Returns the reverse string of 'string_column'.	reverse('abcd') = dcba
Right - right(string_column, len)	Returns the 'len' number of characters from the right-hand side of the string 'string_column'	right('abcdef',4) = cdef
Rpad - rpad(string_column, len, pad_string)	Returns the string 'string_column', right-padded to a length of 'len' characters with the string 'pad_string'. If length of the string 'string_column' is greater than 'len', then the first 'len' characters of 'string_column' is returned	rpad('DB',5,'a') = DBaaa
Rtrim - rtrim(string_column)	Returns the string 'string_column' with trailing spaces removed.	rtrim('abcd ') = abcd
Soundex soundex(string_column)	Returns a soundex string from 'string_column'. The soundex string is similar for same sounding strings.	soundex('Hello') = H400
Space space(numeric_column)	The argument value is returned as the number of space characters.	space(6) = ' '
Strcmp - strcmp(string_column1, string_column2)	Returns -1 if the 'string_column1' is smaller than the 'string_column2', 0 if the two strings are same, and 1 if the 'string_column1' is greater than the 'string_column2'.	strcmp('abcd', 'abcde') =-1
Substr substr(string_column, start_pos, string_len [Optional])	Returns the substring formed by cutting off the string argument passed according to the needs.	substr('abcddb', 2,) = bcddb
Substring - substring(string_column, start_pos, string_len)	Returns a substring from 'string_column'. The substring begins at position 'start_pos' with the character length of 'string_len'.	substring('abcddb', 1, 4) = abcd
Substring Between substring_between(string_column, sub_string, sub_string, start_pos [Optional])	Returns the characters between the two given substrings in the main string.	substring_between('abcddb','b','d',1) = c
Substring Count substring_count(string_column, sub_string)	Returns the count of substring occurred in the main string.	substring_count('abcddb','cd') = 1
Substring Index substring_index(string_column, delimiter, delimiter_count)	Returns the substring from string 'string_column' before count 'delimiter_count' occurrences of the delimiter 'delimiter'.	substring_index('how.are.you', '.', 2) = how.are
Substring Position substring_position(string_column, sub_string, start_pos [Optional])	Returns the position of substring in the main string.	substring_position('abcddb','cd') = 3
Trim - trim(string_column)	Returns the string with all spaces removed in prefix and suffix of the string.	trim(' abcd ') = abcd
Ucase ucase(string_column)	Returns the string 'string_column' with all characters changed to uppercase.	ucase('abcD') = ABCD
Unhex unhex(string_column)	Returns the corresponding character for each pair of hexadecimal digits.	unhex('21') = !
Upper upper(string_column)	Returns the string 'string_column' with all characters changed to uppercase.	upper('abcD') = ABCD
Uppercase - uppercase(string_column)	Returns the string 'string_column' with all characters changed to uppercase.	uppercase('abcD') = ABCD
Logical Functions
FUNCTION	DESCRIPTION	EXAMPLE
IF - if(expr1,expr2,expr3)	Returns expr2 if expr1 is true else it returns expr3	if(5> 10,100,3) = 3
If Case if_case(column, matchExpr1, returnValue1, matchExpr2, returnValue2, ..., elseValue [Optional])	Returns the 'returnValue' if the given column satisfied with 'matchExpr'.	if_case('Subject','issue','Issue List',equals('bug'),'Bug List','Support List') = if the 'Subject' column equals issue then it returns 'Issue List' else if 'Subject' column equals 'bug' then it returns 'Bug List' else it returns 'Support List' if_case('Subject',startswith('issue','bug'),'Issue List',contains('help','Call'),'Call List','Support List') = if the 'Subject' column starts with 'issue' or 'bug' then it returns 'Issue List' else if 'Subject' column contains 'help' or 'Call' then it returns 'Call List' else it returns 'Support List'
Ifnull - ifnull(expr1,expr2)	Returns expr1 if expr1 is not null, else it return expr2	ifnull(null,10) = 10
Is Empty isempty(column)	Returns '1' if the given column does not have any value. Returns '0' if the given column have some value.	isempty(null) = 1
isnull( ) - isnull(expr1)	Returns 1 if expr1 is null, else it returns 0.	isnull(null)- 1
General Functions
FUNCTION	DESCRIPTION	EXAMPLE
Coalesce - coalesce(null,null,1,...)	Returns 1 if expr1 is null, else it returns 0.	coalesce(null,null,4) = 4

Create. Review. Publish.

Write, edit, collaborate on, and publish documents to different content management platforms.

Get Started Now

Access your files securely from anywhere

Zoho CRM Training Programs

Learn how to use the best tools for sales force automation and better customer engagement from Zoho's implementation specialists.

Redefine the way you work

with Zoho Workplace

Start your free trial

Zoho DataPrep Personalized Demo

If you'd like a personalized walk-through of our data preparation tool, please request a demo and we'll be happy to show you how to get the best out of Zoho DataPrep.

Create, share, and deliver

beautiful slides from anywhere.

Get Started Now

Zoho Sign now offers specialized one-on-one training for both administrators and developers.

BOOK A SESSION

Zoho Workerly Home
Forums
Connect With Us:

Zoho Recruit Home
Forums
Connect With Us:

Start tracking your website metrics today

Use PageSense to understand what your visitors are looking for, how they are behaving, and where they are facing problems on your website.

Ready to improve your website's performance?

Install the PageSense code snippet on your site in a matter of minutes and start collecting in-depth data about the website visitors to grow your business.

Track and measure every business goal

Set up goals in PageSense to measure every single action performed by visitors on your website like button or link clicks, form submissions, and page engagements.

Understand the customer journey on your website

Create funnels in PageSense to quickly see which pages visitors use to enter your website, where they navigate to next, and which pages they decide to leave without converting.

Visualize your visitor's behavior with color codes

Set up heatmaps in PageSense to see where users have clicked more, how far they've scrolled, and on which parts of a page they've spent the most time using color-coded patterns in reports.

Measure customer engagement with your web forms

Use form analytics in PageSense to see how people interact with different fields in your form, whether they complete the form successfully or not, and where exactly they drop out on your form.

Record real visitor interactions on your website

Use session recordings in PageSense to watch a video of all the visitor actions performed on your website including the pages they navigate, the buttons they click, the UX issues they face, and more.

Test and optimize webpages for better conversions

Run A/B or Split URL tests in PageSense to figure out which version of your web page works best for your business and results in the best conversion rate.

Give each customer a unique website experience

Use personalization in PageSense to deliver customized versions of your website for every individual customer based on their demographics, local weather, browsing history, and more.

Grow your business through customer feedback

Run polls on your website using PageSense to understand what your customers think about your products/services and what needs improvement on your site.

Send timely updates that customers love

Use web push notifications in PageSense to schedule and notify your customers about an upcoming flash sale, product releases, promotional coupons, and a lot more that can spark conversions on your website.

Advertise your business to website visitors

Use pop-ups in PageSense to instantly grab the attention of visitors by showing attractive signup offers, coupon code discounts, or email newsletters that can eventually convert them into subscribers.

Access more advanced settings in PageSense

Use PageSense's advanced features like creating mutually exclusive groups, enabling cross-domain tracking, configuring customized project JS, and more to get deeper insights about your website.

Try easy-to-use extensions

Download the PageSense extension app available for your web browser with a few clicks and start collecting all of your required website metrics in real time.

Discover your favorite integrations with PageSense

Get a deeper look at your website's data by seamlessly integrating PageSense with a host of popular third-party apps like Google Analytics, Mixpanel, Intercom, and more.

Quick Links	Workflow Automation	Data Collection
Web Forms	Enterprise	Online Data Collection Tool
Embeddable Forms	Banking	Begin Data Collection
Interactive Forms	Workplace	Data Collection App
CRM Forms	Customer Service	Accessible Forms
Digital Forms	Marketing	Forms for Small Business
HTML Forms	Education	Forms for Enterprise
Contact Forms	E-commerce	Forms for any business
Lead Generation Forms	Healthcare	Forms for Startups
Wordpress Forms	Customer onboarding	Forms for Small Business
No Code Forms	Construction	RSVP tool for holidays
Free Forms	Travel	Features for Order Forms
Prefill Forms	Non-Profit
Intake Forms	Legal	Mobile App
Form Designer	HR	Mobile Forms
Card Forms	Food	Offline Forms
Assign Forms	Photography	Mobile Forms Features
Translate Forms	Real Estate	Kiosk in Mobile Forms
Electronic Forms
Drag & drop form builder
Notification Emails for Forms	Alternatives	Security & Compliance
Holiday Forms	Google Forms alternative	GDPR
Form to PDF	Jotform alternative	HIPAA Forms
Email Forms	Formstack alternative	Encrypted Forms
	Wufoo alternative	Secure Forms
	Typeform	WCAG

Zoho FSM Video Tutorials

Workforce

Mobile App

Job Scenarios

Scheduled Maintenance

FSM × Desk

FSM × Books & Invoice

FSM × WhatsApp

MCP Tool Guide MCP Changelog

What's new

Blogs

Community

Zia

API resources

Pricing

Integrations

Town Hall

Custom Apps

Centralize Knowledge. Transform Learning.

All-in-one knowledge management and training platform for your employees and customers.

Access Zoho Learn

Quick Links

New to Zoho Writer?

Signup Now

Zoho Writer

What's new

Help Guide

Blogs

Forums

Webinars

API

Developers

Build Extensions

Create. Review. Publish.

Write, edit, collaborate on, and publish documents to different content management platforms.

Get Started Now

New to Zoho CRM Plus?

Deliver unforgettable customer experiences

ACCESS ZOHO CRM PLUS

New to Zoho CRM Plus?

Deliver unforgettable customer experiences

ACCESS ZOHO CRM PLUS

New to Zoho Marketing Plus?

Everything you need to run your marketing

ACCESS ZOHO MARKETING PLUS

New to Zoho Marketing Plus?

Everything you need to run your marketing

ACCESS ZOHO MARKETING PLUS

Zoho Pagesense Resources

You are currently viewing the help pages of Qntrl’s earlier version. Click here to view our latest version—Qntrl 3.0's help articles.

New to Zoho Survey?

Access Zoho Survey

Latest Feature Updates

Explore our Pricing & Plans

Zoho Survey Resources

Android Mobile Surveys

Insurvey Blogs

Insight Blogs

Tips & Tricks

New to Zoho Social?

Manage your brands on social media

Access Zoho Social

Desk Community Learning Series
Digest
Functions
Meetups
Kbase
Resources
Glossary
Desk Marketplace
MVP Corner
Word of the Day
Ask the Experts

Zoho Sheet Resources

New to Zoho Forms?

Latest Feature Updates

Explore our Pricing & Plans

Zoho Forms Resources

Secure your business

communication with Zoho Mail

Get started

Mail on the move with

Zoho Mail mobile application

Go Mobile

Stay on top of your schedule

at all times

Get started

Carry your calendar with you

Anytime, anywhere

Get started

Latest Announcements

New to Zoho Sign?

Zoho Sign Resources

Sign, Paperless!

Sign and send business documents on the go!

Get Started Now

Zoho SalesIQ Resources

New to Zoho TeamInbox?

Zoho TeamInbox Resources

Connect with us

New to Zoho ZeptoMail?

LEARN MORE

Latest Feature Updates

Zoho DataPrep Resources

New to Zoho DataPrep?

Access Zoho DataPrep

Zoho DataPrep Demo

Get a personalized demo or POC

Design. Discuss. Deliver.

Create visually engaging stories with Zoho Show.

Get Started Now

New to Zoho Workerly?

Access Zoho Workerly

New to Zoho Recruit?

Access Zoho Recruit

New to Zoho CRM?

Signup Now

Access Zoho CRM

Latest Feature Updates

New to Zoho Projects?

Access Zoho Projects

New to Zoho Sprints?

Access Zoho Sprints

New to Zoho Assist?

Access Zoho Assist

New to Bigin?

Signup Now

Access Bigin

Latest Feature Updates

Related Articles
In-built Aggregate Functions
Aggregate Formula allows you to create powerful metrics to address your business needs. In this section let's learn about the wide range of powerful in-built functions that are supported by Zoho Analytics. Aggregate Functions The following table ...
Importing from JDBC Driver Supported Databases using Zoho Databridge
If you have data in JDBC Driver Supported Databases, then you can easily import your data into Zoho Analytics using the Zoho Databridge. The Zoho Databridge bridges your JDBC Driver Supported Databases and Zoho Analytics server to fetch data from ...
Column Types Supported
Data Type/Column Type of a column in a Table defines the nature of values a column could contain and the operations that could be done over the same. Eg., an Age column could be " Positive Number" type. This column can contain only positive numbers ...
What are the browsers supported by Zoho Analytics?
Zoho Analytics supports the following browsers: Google Chrome - Latest 3 versions Firefox - Latest 3 versions Safari - Latest 3 versions Microsoft Edge - Latest version The above browsers have been tested in the following platforms: Windows XP, ...
What are the SQL Dialects supported by Zoho Analytics?
Zoho Analytics supports SQL written in a wide variety of popular database dialects. It currently supports Oracle, SQL Server, IBM DB2, Sybase, MySQL, PostgreSQL, Informix and ANSI SQL database dialects.