Kaizen #177: Duplicate Check Preferences API vs. Upsert API
Hello all!!!
Welcome back to another week of Kaizen. Last week, we discussed Optimizing the Use of Record ID Variables in Zoho CRM Queries.
This week, we will explore two important APIs for managing duplicate records in Zoho CRM - Duplicate Check Preferences API and Upsert Records API. While both of these APIs help manage duplicate records, they serve different purposes and are to be used in different scenarios.
This post covers:
- What is the Duplicate Check Preferences API?
- Use Case
- Duplicate Check Configurations
- Updating Duplicate Check Configuration
- How Duplicate Check Preferences Work During Record Creation/Update?
- What is the Upsert API?
- Use Case
- Differences between Duplicate Check Preferences API and Upsert API
What is the Duplicate Check Preferences API
The Duplicate Check Preferences API is a configuration API that allows you to set up criteria using unique fields to manage duplicates across Leads module including Converted Leads and Contacts
in Zoho CRM. Based on the given criteria, the system will restrict the creation or update of duplicate records. For example, if the Phone field is marked as unique and set for duplicate checks, the system will make sure that no two records have the same phone number during records creation or update.
in Zoho CRM. Based on the given criteria, the system will restrict the creation or update of duplicate records. For example, if the Phone field is marked as unique and set for duplicate checks, the system will make sure that no two records have the same phone number during records creation or update.
With the Duplicate Check Preferences API, you can define criteria to find duplicates, such as matching email addresses, phone numbers, or custom fields. During record creation or update, Zoho CRM checks the configured criteria against converted leads or contacts. If a match is found, it triggers a "DUPLICATE_DATA" error and blocks duplicates based on your configuration.
By default, the Insert Records API and Update Records API automatically check for this configuration. If a record matches the defined duplicate criteria, the system prevents its creation or update.
Use case
Zylker, a sales team managing customer contacts in Zoho CRM, often imports leads from various sources like website forms, events, and campaigns. However, the team noticed that many duplicate contacts are being created because the same phone number is associated with some of the contacts. This creates confusion and results in redundant work in their sales process.
By using the Duplicate Check Preferences API, Zylker can prevent the anymore duplicate contacts based on phone numbers (phone is used for an example).
Duplicate Check Configurations
In Zoho CRM, you can configure duplicate check preferences via API in two ways.
i. Configuration in Leads module
The system checks for duplicates on all the Leads using the specified unique fields. By selecting this option, the duplicates will be checked on all the Converted Leads (custom view) as well. This configuration is applicable across all the layouts.
The following is the configuration for duplicate check in the Leads module via API.
The following is the configuration for duplicate check in the Leads module via API.
Request Method: POST
Note:
- The "module" parameter is mandatory, and its supported value is Leads.
- The above URL applies to both Leads and Contacts module configurations.
- You must mark at least one field as mandatory. So, the system can check for duplicates based on the value in the unique field within the Leads module when creating a record.
Input JSON
{ "duplicate_check_preference": { "type": "converted_records", //Converted Leads custom view in Leads module } } |
Response
{ "duplicate_check_preference": { "code": "SUCCESS", "details": {}, "message": "Duplicate check enabled for converted_records successfully.", "status": "success" } } |
ii. Configuration in Contacts module
By selecting this option, the system will check for duplicates in the Contacts module using mapped fields.
Input JSON
{ "duplicate_check_preference": { "type": "mapped_module_records", "type_configurations": [ { "field_mappings": [ { "current_field": { "api_name": "Email", "id": "5725767000000002601" }, "mapped_field": { "api_name": "Email", "id": "5725767000000002503" } } ], "mapped_module": { "api_name": "Contacts", "id": "5725767000000002179" } } ] } } |
How Duplicate Check Preferences Work During Record Creation/Update
Consider Zylker has configured the Contacts module ("type":"mapped_module_records") to check duplicate contacts.
For example, a sales representative at Zylker attempts to add a contact from the Cold Call lead source. However, the same contact already exists in the Contacts module, either from the same or a different lead source.
Since the Contacts module is configured for duplicate check preferences, the system will check for duplicates in the Contacts module using mapped fields. During the record insertion action, the system verifies the Contacts module for any matching records based on these unique identifiers. Based on the result, it either creates the record or throws an error.
Use the Insert Records API to create records in a module.
Request URL: https://www.zohoapis.com/crm/v7/Contacts
Request Method: POST
Input JSON
{ "data": [ { "Company": "Villa Margarita", "Last_Name": "Dolan", "First_Name": "Brian", "Phone": "12345", "State": "Texas" } ] } |
Response
{ "data": [ { "code": "DUPLICATE_DATA", "details": { "api_name": "Email", "duplicate_record": { "Owner": { "name": "Patricia Boyle", "id": "5725767000000411001", "zuid": "808233918" }, "module": { "api_name": "Contacts", "id": "5725767000000002179" }, "id": "5725767000000774010" //The record that already exists in the Contacts module. }, "json_path": "$.data[0].Email", "more_records": false }, "message": "duplicate data", "status": "error" } ] } |
Duplicates are also checked during record updates. If a record is updated with a value that already exists in a unique field, the system indicates it as a duplicate and returns a "DUPLICATE_DATA" error.
Update Duplicate Check Configuration
To update the previously enabled Duplicate Check option configured in your account, use the Update Duplicate Check Option API.
Request Method: PUT
Input JSON
Input JSON
The Contacts ("type": "mapped_module_records") configuration is used in the below sample input.
{ "duplicate_check_preference": { "type": "mapped_module_records", "type_configurations": [ { "field_mappings": [ { "mapped_field": { "api_name": "Phone", //The previously configured Email field as a unique identifier in Contacts has now been replaced with the Phone field. "name": "Contacts", "id": "5725767000000411001" }, "current_field": { "api_name": "Phone", "name": "Leads", //The previously configured Email field as a unique identifier in Leads has now been replaced with the Phone field. "id": "5725767000005381030" } } ], "mapped_module": { "api_name": "Contacts", "name": "Contacts", "id": "5725767000000002179" } } ] } } |
What is the Upsert API?
The Upsert API is a combination of "update" and "insert".
How it works?
You provide a unique identifier (e.g., email, phone number, or a custom field) to check for existing records.
If a record with the same identifier exists, it updates that record.
If no matching record is found, it creates a new one.
Flow diagram
Use Case
Zylker, an e-commerce company, uses Zoho CRM to manage customer data. Customers sign up on Zylker’s online store, and their details are stored in the e-commerce platform like Shopify. Over time, customers may update their contact information, or new customers may sign up. To keep customer records in Zoho CRM accurate and avoid duplicates, Zylker uses the Upsert API to:
- Update existing customer records details if the given unique identifier, such as email or phone number, matches an existing record in Zoho CRM.
- Insert a new record if no match is found. This way, Zylker ensures that new customers are added efficiently.
There are two types of duplicate check fields:
i. System-defined duplicate check fields.
ii. User-defined duplicate check fields.
i. System-defined duplicate check fields
The table below lists the system-defined unique fields. When you create a record using the Upsert API, the system checks these fields for duplicate entries.
The table below lists the system-defined unique fields. When you create a record using the Upsert API, the system checks these fields for duplicate entries.
Leads | |
Contacts | |
Accounts | Account_Name |
Deals | Deal_Name |
Campaigns | Campaign_Name |
Cases | Subject |
Solutions | Solution_Title |
Products | Product_Name |
Vendors | Vendor_Name |
PriceBooks | Price_Book_Name |
Quotes | Subject |
SalesOrders | Subject |
PurchaseOrders | Subject |
Invoices | Subject |
Custom Module | Name |
ii. User-defined duplicate check fields
You can set a normal field as a duplicate check field by enabling "Do not allow duplicate values." Note that you can only set fields with the following field-types as unique— Single Line, Email, Phone, Number, Long Integer, and URL.
Sample Request: https://www.zohoapis.com/crm/v8/Leads/upsert
Request Method: POST
Sample Input JSON
Sample Input JSON
Here, "Email," a system-defined field, has been used as a duplicate check field.
{ "data": [ { "Email": "alice@mail.com", "First_Name": "Alice", "Last_Name": "Brown", "Phone": "+1-555-222-3333", "Order_Date": "2024-01-10", "Order_Value": "$175.00" }, { "Email": "pat@mail.com", "First_Name": "pat", "Last_Name": "Davis", "Phone": "+1-555-666-7777", "Order_Date": "2024-01-15", "Order_Value": "$300.00" } ], "duplicate_check_fields": [ "Email" //You can set the order in which the system checks for duplicate records by specifying the duplicate_check_field array in the input. ] } |
Response
{ "data": [ { "code": "SUCCESS", "duplicate_field": null, "action": "insert", "details": { "Modified_Time": "2025-02-08T09:43:08-08:00", "Modified_By": { "name": "Patricia Boyle", "id": "5725767000000411001" }, "Created_Time": "2025-02-08T09:43:08-08:00", "id": "5725767000005425036", "Created_By": { "name": "Patricia Boyle", "id": "5725767000000411001" } }, "message": "record added", "status": "success" }, { "code": "SUCCESS", "duplicate_field": "Email", "action": "update", "details": { "Modified_Time": "2025-02-08T09:43:08-08:00", "Modified_By": { "name": "Patricia Boyle", "id": "5725767000000411001" }, "Created_Time": "2025-02-08T08:52:22-08:00", "id": "5725767000005425002", "Created_By": { "name": "Patricia Boyle", "id": "5725767000000411001" } }, "message": "record updated", "status": "success" } ] } |
Differences between Duplicate Check Preferences API and Upsert API
Duplicate Check API | Upsert API |
Duplicate Check Preferences can be enabled only in the Leads module. | Supports all modules. |
Throws a "DUPLICATE_DATA" error if a duplicate is detected. | Updates the existing record with new field values if a match is found for the unique fields; otherwise, inserts a new record. |
Use the above Zoho CRM APIs which fit your use cases.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
We trust that this post meets your needs and is helpful. Let us know your thoughts in the comment section or reach out to us at support@zohocrm.com
Stay tuned for more insights in our upcoming Kaizen posts!
- More enhancements in the COQL API are now live in Zoho CRM API Version 7. Check out the V7 Changelog
for detailed information on these updates. ✨
- OAuth Scopes Page for Zoho CRM APIs. ✨
Access your files securely from anywhere
Zoho FSM Video Tutorials
Centralize Knowledge. Transform Learning.
All-in-one knowledge management and training platform for your employees and customers.
New to Zoho Recruit?
Zoho Developer Community
New to Zoho LandingPage?
Zoho LandingPage Resources
New to Zoho Survey?
New to Zoho CRM Plus?
Deliver unforgettable customer experiences
New to Zoho CRM Plus?
Deliver unforgettable customer experiences
New to Zoho Marketing Plus?
Everything you need to run your marketing
New to Zoho Marketing Plus?
Everything you need to run your marketing
New to Bigin?
Topic Participants
Subramanian K
Andres
Jeganprabhu S
Sticky Posts
Announcing the new SKILL.md for Zoho CRM and the updated OAS repository!
We are introducing a new zoho-crm skill to make working with Zoho CRM Developer tools (like APIs, functions, widgets, client scripts, queries etc) easier and faster, with the help of AI in your preferred AI harness like Claude Code, Codex, Cursor, VSCodeKaizen #256 - Build an Arrival Readiness Web Tab in Zoho CRM
Hi everyone! Welcome back to the Kaizen series! In the post, we discuss a use case in hospitality industry: how an Arrival Readiness web tab widget can be used to let reception staff identify and resolve issues before arrival of guests. Use case In theKaizen #198: Using Client Script for Custom Validation in Blueprint
Nearing 200th Kaizen Post – 1 More to the Big Two-Oh-Oh! Do you have any questions, suggestions, or topics you would like us to cover in future posts? Your insights and suggestions help us shape future content and make this series better for everyone.Kaizen #226: Using ZRC in Client Script
Hello everyone! Welcome to another week of Kaizen. In today's post, lets see what is ZRC (Zoho Request Client) and how we can use ZRC methods in Client Script to get inputs from a Salesperson and update the Lead status with a single button click. In thisKaizen #222 - Client Script Support for Notes Related List
Hello everyone! Welcome to another week of Kaizen. The final Kaizen post of the year 2025 is here! With the new Client Script support for the Notes Related List, you can validate, enrich, and manage notes across modules. In this post, we’ll explore how
New to Zoho TeamInbox?
Zoho TeamInbox Resources
Zoho CRM Plus Resources
Zoho Books Resources
Zoho Billing Resources
Zoho Projects Resources
Zoho Sprints Resources
Qntrl Resources
Zoho Creator Resources
Zoho CRM Resources
Design. Discuss. Deliver.
Zoho Show Resources
Get Started. Write Away!
Writer is a powerful online word processor, designed for collaborative work.
Zoho CRM コンテンツ
-
オンラインヘルプ
-
Webセミナー
-
機能活用動画
-
よくある質問
-
Ebook
-
-
Zoho Campaigns
- Zoho サービスのWebセミナー
その他のサービス コンテンツ
Nederlandse Hulpbronnen
ご検討中の方
Recent Topics
Collaborate Visually with Whiteboard in Zoho Projects
Whiteboard in Zoho Projects allows you to collaborate visually by creating diagrams, annotating designs, and sketching project workflows using shapes, text, and images within project modules. Team members can work simultaneously, improving productivityFields in MS-Word Template
With the new MS-Word integration, how does one create fields in an imported MS-Word document which can then automatically be populated with an Intake Form?Zoho Bookings Flow Step not Triggering on Appointment booked
I noticed yesterday that my appointment booked flows were not triggering when we had booked appointments in Zoho Bookings. I checked the trigger and noticed the trigger values updated to be defined to a workspace and service event rather than our wholeUCP: Why We Killed the Multi-Portal Mess and Simplified Customer Self-Service
Let's talk about the multi-portal mess nobody wants to admit that it exists. Your customer needs an invoice from one app, wants a ticket update from another, and has a project waiting in a third, each behind its own login, its own UI, its own "was itZoho Tables is now available in Zoho One!
Hello Zoho One users, We’re excited to announce that Zoho Tables is now included as a part of Zoho One suite! As teams grow, managing projects, approvals, inventories, campaign trackers, and operational workflows across multiple spreadsheets become difficult.Zoho Publish is now available in Zoho One!
Hello Zoho One users, We’re excited to announce that Zoho Publish is now included as part of the Zoho One suite! As businesses grow, managing Google Business Profiles across many locations becomes challenging. Business information needs to stay accurate,📣 Ask the team behind Zoho SalesIQ: Summer '26 Q&A
Hi everyone! Following our recent webinars, Summer '26 Release: What's New in Zoho SalesIQ—where we walked you through all the new features, what they do, and how they work—and Driving the AI Evolution: Building Smarter Customer Experiences with ZohoUpcoming update to field values in Zoho Books - Zoho Analytics integration
Hello Users, We'd like to inform you of an upcoming update to the tax_category values in the Zoho Books integration for Zoho Analytics from October 20, 2026. What's Changing? tax_category field values are being renamed to align with the conventions alreadyAnnouncing the new SKILL.md for Zoho CRM and the updated OAS repository!
We are introducing a new zoho-crm skill to make working with Zoho CRM Developer tools (like APIs, functions, widgets, client scripts, queries etc) easier and faster, with the help of AI in your preferred AI harness like Claude Code, Codex, Cursor, VSCodeKaizen #259 - Working with Zoho CRM APIs using zoho-crm skill
In the previous Kaizen, we introduced the zoho-crm skill and discussed how it can work with different CRM developer capabilities. The zoho-crm skill makes it easier to work with Zoho CRM without having to remember every API endpoint, request structure,How can I populate dropdown data with information from another source or app?
I want to maintain a list of items in another app (say in excel or another database) and sync those as items in a drop down menu, instead of copy pasting to import. Is this kind of a feature available?Zoho Community Digest - September 2026 | Part 1
Hi everyone, and welcome back! September opens with a strong set of updates. Zoho CRM brings workflow automation down to the subform row level and ships a new SKILL.md for AI-assisted development, Zoho Desk introduces conditional branching with AutomationTip #88 – Manage Incoming Support Requests Efficiently with the Service Queue – 'Insider Insights'
Hello Zoho Assist Community! Not every team has a dedicated IT department or a fully built-out sysadmin setup. For smaller teams, when something breaks, there's no internal ticket system to log into, no helpdesk queue to route through, and no clear wayDelete CRM Portal
How do I delete portals from my CRM? I created one just to test, it is not in use and is disabled but it's existence is preventing me from marking fields in modules as "required" unless I make it 'read/write' in the portal first. I'd rather just deleteZoho Books | Product updates | July 2026
Hello users, We’re excited to bring you the latest updates in Zoho Books for July 2026! This month's release introduces Terminal Payments, CMP-08 filing for composition taxpayers, SEPA Credit Transfer support, and Self-Billed Credit Notes and Debit NotesCalendar invites from Contacts not being assigned to Account in CRM
Hi all It's that time of year again when I try to get calendar and meetings sorted in CRM. I have two way sync enabled. I have the option set to check for customer meeting invitation mail and to add them as meetings. However, whilst those meetings showKaizen #258 - Getting Started with zoho-crm SKILL.md
Howdy tech wizards, Welcome to a fresh week of Kaizen. This week, we are taking a look at the zoho-crm SKILL.md, an Agent Skill designed to help AI coding agents work with Zoho CRM’s developer capabilities. What is zoho-crm SKILL.md? The zoho-crm skillZoho Tables is now live in Australia & New Zealand!
Hey everyone! We’ve got some great news to share — Zoho Tables is now officially available in the Australian Data Center serving users across Australia and New Zealand regions! Yes, it took us a bit longer to get here, but this version of Zoho TablesDashboard/Component filter by probability
Hi all Can I request the ability to add a Component or Dashboard filter for Deal Probability? Would be useful to be able to see data of deals more than 60% probable. OllyStock (on-hand) Items not updated after using Composite items
Hi there, I created a Composite item (consist of 3 items). After I created the Composite item, I invoiced it and shipped the items. However the actual stock on hand of the 3items didn't change at all. Have you guys encountered this? Thank you Regards,Is there a way to show contact emails in the Account?
I know I can see the emails I have sent and received on a Contact detail view, but I want to be able to see all the emails that have been sent and received between all an Accounts Contacts on the Account Detail view. That way when I see the Account detailImportant changes for users with Zoho accounts in the UAE and other Data Centers
What's changing? Previously, the same email address could be used to create separate Zoho accounts in both the UAE data center and another Zoho data center (such as US, EU, IN, AU, JP, CA, SA or SG). With this change, an email address can be associatedConditional Layouts On Multi Select Field
How we can use Conditional Layouts On Multi Select Field field? Please help. Moderation update: Multi-select picklist fields are now supported in Layout Rules. Additionally, Layout Rules is now available in the Professional Edition. These updates haveZoho Marketing Automation WhatsApp Campaign Import Sync for Zoho Analytics
WhatsApp is a critical channel in modern marketing, yet WhatsApp Campaign metrics from Zoho Marketing Automation currently cannot be natively imported into Zoho Analytics via the default advanced analytics connector. Integrating this into the standardmerge the Multiple POs to single PO if Vendor of PO"s --in Zoho Inventory
HI Merge the Multiple POs to single PO if Vendor of PO"s are Same ----in Zoho inventory Please provide any work around to achive this .Is there a CRM Deluge function available to convert an RTF (rich text field) to plain text (with no formatting tags)?
I know that we can run reports so that RTF fields can either show as plain text or the text or the text with the formatting fields included (which is wonderful, btw, as it helps me adjust tags when I need to troubleshoot and just see what I need to see【Zoholics Japan 2026】ITreview 口コミ投稿キャンペーンを実施します！
ユーザーの皆さま、こんにちは！ 2026年9月25日（金）開催の「Zoholics Japan 2026」会場にて、 Zoho CRM・Zoho Workplace・Zoho Mail を対象とした「ITreview 口コミ投稿キャンペーン」を実施します！ Zoholics にご来場いただく皆さま、ぜひこの機会に普段お使いの Zoho 製品について、率直なご感想をお聞かせください。 【キャンペーン内容】 対象製品： ・Zoho CRM ・Zoho Workplace ・Zoho Mail キャンペーン実施時間：Goods in transit
When creating a purchase order in Zoho Books, how can I properly reflect the inventory as "Goods in Transit" until it reaches its final destination?Contact removed when picking ticket template.
hi new to Desk rolling out to company, replacing Freshdesk. Is there way to keep the in context contact when selecting a template? When you choose a template you lose the contact!Using IMAP configuration for shared email inboxes
Our customer service team utilizes shared email boxes to allow multiple people to view and handle incoming customer requests. For example, the customer sends an email to info@xxxx.com and multiple people can view it and handle the request. How can I configureGlobal Sets for Multi-Select pick lists
When is this feature coming to Zoho CRM? It would be very useful now we have got used to having it for the normal pick lists.Bank Transaction Rules Link Under Each Bank Account
Hello, can you'll move the "transaction rules" button or link back under each bank account? It is now on Bank Overview, if I am working on a specific bank account, I don't want to go out to overview to check the rules. That button displays rules for allNested notebooks
Dear Sir/Madam, I would like to know if it is possible to nest notebooks. It would be very helpful when there are too many, as it would improve organization. Thank you for your response. Best regards.Zia Agents looks promising, but I still cannot deploy my first agent or connect WhatsApp after weeks of support tickets
Hi Everyone, I am posting here because I am stuck and need practical help from someone who has successfully deployed a Zia Agent with WhatsApp. Zia Agents looks like a very promising product. I have watched the platform expand quickly, and I have noticedZoho CRM
Cuándo voy a adjuntar un archivo .pdf en un registro en el campo Archivo obtengo el siguiente error:Transaction rules for "Owner's Contribution" ?
I have a bank account where a lot of the deposits are "Owner's Contributions" (i.e., the business owner investing money in the company). Is it possible to create a Transaction Rule to automatically recognize these? They all have the same verbiage fromImplement Meeting Polls in Zoho Bookings
Dear Zoho Bookings Support Team, We'd like to propose a feature enhancement related to appointment scheduling within Zoho Bookings. Current Functionality: Zoho Bookings excels at streamlining individual appointment scheduling. Users can set availabilityRecording Salaries and wages in zoho books with bank fees
Hello Community, I am posting this questions to understand the best way to record the salary and payroll expenses in zoho books. The way it works here, For example if I have 3 employees and each employee salary is lets say $1000. I usually use the bankAuto sync Photo storage
Hello I am new to Zoho Workdrive and was wondering if the is a way of automatically syncing photos on my Android phone to my workdrive as want to move away from Google? Thanks[BUG] WebTabs in ZohoCRM now have a spurious "\" displayed along with some additional HTML Head code included
An example of the issue can be seen below:Next Page