Kaizen #177: Duplicate Check Preferences API vs. Upsert API

Kaizen #177: Duplicate Check Preferences API vs. Upsert API

Hello all!!!

Welcome back to another week of Kaizen. Last week, we discussed Optimizing the Use of Record ID Variables in Zoho CRM Queries.

This week, we will explore two important APIs for managing duplicate records in Zoho CRM - Duplicate Check Preferences API and Upsert Records API. While both of these APIs help manage duplicate records, they serve different purposes and are to be used in different scenarios. 




This post covers:
  • What is the Duplicate Check Preferences API?
    • Use Case
    • Duplicate Check Configurations
    • Updating Duplicate Check Configuration
    • How Duplicate Check Preferences Work During Record Creation/Update?
  • What is the Upsert API?
    • Use Case
  • Differences between Duplicate Check Preferences API and Upsert API

What is the Duplicate Check Preferences API

The Duplicate Check Preferences API is a configuration API that allows you to set up criteria using unique fields to manage duplicates across Leads module including Converted Leads and Contacts
in Zoho CRM. Based on the given criteria, the system will restrict the creation or update of duplicate records. For example, if the Phone field is marked as unique and set for duplicate checks, the system will make sure that no two records have the same phone number during records creation or update.

With the Duplicate Check Preferences API, you can define criteria to find duplicates, such as matching email addresses, phone numbers, or custom fields. During record creation or update, Zoho CRM checks the configured criteria against converted leads or contacts. If a match is found, it triggers a "DUPLICATE_DATA" error and blocks duplicates based on your configuration.

By default, the Insert Records API and Update Records API automatically check for this configuration. If a record matches the defined duplicate criteria, the system prevents its creation or update.

Use case

Zylker, a sales team managing customer contacts in Zoho CRM, often imports leads from various sources like website forms, events, and campaigns. However, the team noticed that many duplicate contacts are being created because the same phone number is associated with some of the contacts. This creates confusion and results in redundant work in their sales process.
By using the Duplicate Check Preferences API, Zylker can prevent the anymore duplicate contacts based on phone numbers (phone is used for an example).

Duplicate Check Configurations

In Zoho CRM, you can configure duplicate check preferences via API in two ways. 

i. Configuration in Leads module
The system checks for duplicates on all the Leads using the specified unique fields. By selecting this option, the duplicates will be checked on all the Converted Leads (custom view) as well. This configuration is applicable across all the layouts.
The following is the configuration for duplicate check in the Leads module via API. 

Request Method: POST

Note:
  • The "module" parameter is mandatory, and its supported value is Leads. 
  • The above URL applies to both Leads and Contacts module configurations.
  •  You must mark at least one field as mandatory. So, the system can check for duplicates based on the value in the unique field within the Leads module when creating a record.
Input JSON

{
    "duplicate_check_preference": {
        "type": "converted_records", //Converted Leads custom view in Leads module
    }
}


Response

{
    "duplicate_check_preference": {
        "code": "SUCCESS",
        "details": {},
        "message": "Duplicate check enabled for converted_records successfully.",
        "status": "success"
    }
}




ii. Configuration in Contacts module

By selecting this option, the system will check for duplicates in the Contacts module using mapped fields.

Input JSON

{
    "duplicate_check_preference": {
        "type": "mapped_module_records",
        "type_configurations": [
            {
                "field_mappings": [
                    {
                        "current_field": {
                            "api_name": "Email",
                            "id": "5725767000000002601"
                        },
                        "mapped_field": {
                            "api_name": "Email",
                            "id": "5725767000000002503"
                        }
                    }
                ],
                "mapped_module": {
                    "api_name": "Contacts",
                    "id": "5725767000000002179"
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}


The "Phone" field from both the Leads and Contacts modules is mapped to identify duplicate records.

How Duplicate Check Preferences Work During Record Creation/Update

Consider Zylker has configured the Contacts module ("type":"mapped_module_records") to check duplicate contacts.
For example, a sales representative at Zylker attempts to add a contact from the Cold Call lead source. However, the same contact already exists in the Contacts module, either from the same or a different lead source.
Since the Contacts module is configured for duplicate check preferences, the system will check for duplicates in the Contacts module using mapped fields. During the record insertion action, the system verifies the Contacts module for any matching records based on these unique identifiers. Based on the result, it either creates the record or throws an error.

Use the Insert Records API to create records in a module.

Request Method: POST

Input JSON

{
    "data": [
        {
            "Company": "Villa Margarita",
            "Last_Name": "Dolan",
            "First_Name": "Brian",
            "Email": "brian@villa.com",
            "Phone": "12345",
            "State": "Texas"
        }
    ]
}


Response


 {

    "data": [

        {

            "code": "DUPLICATE_DATA",

            "details": {

                "api_name": "Email",

                "duplicate_record": {

                    "Owner": {

                        "name": "Patricia Boyle",

                        "id": "5725767000000411001",

                        "zuid": "808233918"

                    },

                    "module": {

                        "api_name": "Contacts",

                        "id": "5725767000000002179"

                    },

                    "id": "5725767000000774010" //The record that already exists in the Contacts module.

                },

                "json_path": "$.data[0].Email",

                "more_records": false

            },

            "message": "duplicate data",

            "status": "error"

        }

    ]

}


Duplicates are also checked during record updates. If a record is updated with a value that already exists in a unique field, the system indicates it as a duplicate and returns a "DUPLICATE_DATA" error.

Update Duplicate Check Configuration

To update the previously enabled Duplicate Check option configured in your account, use the Update Duplicate Check Option API.


The Contacts ("type": "mapped_module_records") configuration is used in the below sample input. 


{
    "duplicate_check_preference": {
        "type": "mapped_module_records",
        "type_configurations": [
            {
                "field_mappings": [
                    {
                        "mapped_field": {
                            "api_name": "Phone", //The previously configured Email field as a unique identifier in Contacts has now been replaced with the Phone field.
                            "name": "Contacts",
                            "id": "5725767000000411001"
                        },
                        "current_field": {
                            "api_name": "Phone",
                            "name": "Leads", //The previously configured Email field as a unique identifier in Leads has now been replaced with the Phone field.
                            "id": "5725767000005381030"
                        }
                    }
                ],
                "mapped_module": {
                    "api_name": "Contacts",
                    "name": "Contacts",
                    "id": "5725767000000002179"
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

You can also retrieve and delete duplicate configuration.

What is the Upsert API?

The Upsert API is a combination of "update" and "insert". 


How it works?

  • You provide a unique identifier (e.g., email, phone number, or a custom field) to check for existing records.

  • If a record with the same identifier exists, it updates that record.

  • If no matching record is found, it creates a new one.

Flow diagram

Use Case 

Zylker, an e-commerce company, uses Zoho CRM to manage customer data. Customers sign up on Zylker’s online store, and their details are stored in the e-commerce platform like Shopify. Over time, customers may update their contact information, or new customers may sign up. To keep customer records in Zoho CRM accurate and avoid duplicates, Zylker uses the Upsert API to:
  • Update existing customer records details if the given unique identifier, such as email or phone number, matches an existing record in Zoho CRM.
  • Insert a new record if no match is found.  This way, Zylker ensures that new customers are added efficiently.

There are two types of duplicate check fields:

i. System-defined duplicate check fields.
ii. User-defined duplicate check fields.

i. System-defined duplicate check fields
The table below lists the system-defined unique fields. When you create a record using the Upsert API, the system checks these fields for duplicate entries. 

Leads

Email

Contacts

Email

Accounts

Account_Name

Deals

Deal_Name

Campaigns

Campaign_Name

Cases

Subject

Solutions

Solution_Title

Products

Product_Name

Vendors

Vendor_Name

PriceBooks

Price_Book_Name

Quotes

Subject

SalesOrders

Subject

PurchaseOrders

Subject

Invoices

Subject

Custom Module

Name


ii. User-defined duplicate check fields
You can set a normal field as a duplicate check field by enabling "Do not allow duplicate values." Note that you can only set fields with the following field-types as unique— Single Line, Email, Phone, Number, Long Integer, and URL.


Request Method: POST

Sample Input JSON

Here, "Email," a system-defined field, has been used as a duplicate check field.
{
    "data": [
        {
            "Email": "alice@mail.com",
            "First_Name": "Alice",
            "Last_Name": "Brown",
            "Phone": "+1-555-222-3333",
            "Order_Date": "2024-01-10",
            "Order_Value": "$175.00"
        },
        {
            "Email": "pat@mail.com",
            "First_Name": "pat",
            "Last_Name": "Davis",
            "Phone": "+1-555-666-7777",
            "Order_Date": "2024-01-15",
            "Order_Value": "$300.00"
        }
    ],
    "duplicate_check_fields": [
        "Email" //You can set the order in which the system checks for duplicate records by specifying the duplicate_check_field array in the input. 
    ]
}

Response


{
    "data": [
        {
            "code": "SUCCESS",
            "duplicate_field": null,
            "action": "insert",
            "details": {
                "Modified_Time": "2025-02-08T09:43:08-08:00",
                "Modified_By": {
                    "name": "Patricia Boyle",
                    "id": "5725767000000411001"
                },
                "Created_Time": "2025-02-08T09:43:08-08:00",
                "id": "5725767000005425036",
                "Created_By": {
                    "name": "Patricia Boyle",
                    "id": "5725767000000411001"
                }
            },
            "message": "record added",
            "status": "success"
        },
        {
            "code": "SUCCESS",
            "duplicate_field": "Email",
            "action": "update",
            "details": {
                "Modified_Time": "2025-02-08T09:43:08-08:00",
                "Modified_By": {
                    "name": "Patricia Boyle",
                    "id": "5725767000000411001"
                },
                "Created_Time": "2025-02-08T08:52:22-08:00",
                "id": "5725767000005425002",
                "Created_By": {
                    "name": "Patricia Boyle",
                    "id": "5725767000000411001"
                }
            },
            "message": "record updated",
            "status": "success"
        }
    ]
}


For more details on how the Upsert API works, refer to the Kaizen #56 - Upsert Records #API.

Differences between Duplicate Check Preferences API and Upsert API

 

                Duplicate Check API

                           Upsert API

Duplicate Check Preferences can be enabled only in the Leads module.

Supports all modules.

Throws a "DUPLICATE_DATA" error if a duplicate is detected.

Updates the existing record with new field values if a match is found for the unique fields; otherwise, inserts a new record.


Use the above Zoho CRM APIs which fit your use cases.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

We trust that this post meets your needs and is helpful. Let us know your thoughts in the comment section or reach out to us at support@zohocrm.com 
Stay tuned for more insights in our upcoming Kaizen posts!

Info

    • Sticky Posts

    • Kaizen #198: Using Client Script for Custom Validation in Blueprint

      Nearing 200th Kaizen Post – 1 More to the Big Two-Oh-Oh! Do you have any questions, suggestions, or topics you would like us to cover in future posts? Your insights and suggestions help us shape future content and make this series better for everyone.

    • Kaizen #226: Using ZRC in Client Script

      Hello everyone! Welcome to another week of Kaizen. In today's post, lets see what is ZRC (Zoho Request Client) and how we can use ZRC methods in Client Script to get inputs from a Salesperson and update the Lead status with a single button click. In this

    • Kaizen #222 - Client Script Support for Notes Related List

      Hello everyone! Welcome to another week of Kaizen. The final Kaizen post of the year 2025 is here! With the new Client Script support for the Notes Related List, you can validate, enrich, and manage notes across modules. In this post, we’ll explore how

    • Kaizen #217 - Actions APIs : Tasks

      Welcome to another week of Kaizen! In last week's post we discussed Email Notifications APIs which act as the link between your Workflow automations and you. We have discussed how Zylker Cloud Services uses Email Notifications API in their custom dashboard.

    • Kaizen #216 - Actions APIs : Email Notifications

      Welcome to another week of Kaizen! For the last three weeks, we have been discussing Zylker's workflows. We successfully updated a dormant workflow, built a new one from the ground up and more. But our work is not finished—these automated processes are

      • Recent Topics

      • Python - code studio

        Hi, I see the code studio is "coming soon". We have some files that will require some more complex transformation, is this feature far off? It appears to have been released in Zoho Analytics already

      • 🚀 WorkDrive 6.0 (Phase 1): Empowering Teams with Content Intelligence, Automation, Accessibility, and Control

        Hello, everyone! WorkDrive continues to evolve from a robust file management solution into an intelligent, secure, and connected content collaboration platform for modern businesses. Our goal remains unchanged: to simplify teamwork, strengthen data security,

      • Introducing Workqueue: your all-in-one view to manage daily work

        Hello all, We’re excited to introduce a major productivity boost to your CRM experience: Workqueue, a dynamic, all-in-one workspace that brings every important sales activity, approval, and follow-up right to your fingertips. What is Workqueue? Sales

      • Support Custom Background in Zoho Cliq Video Calls and Meetings

        Hello Zoho Cliq Team, We hope you are doing well. We would like to request an enhancement to the video background capabilities in Zoho Cliq, specifically the ability to upload and use custom backgrounds. Current Limitation At present, Zoho Cliq allows

      • Upload own Background Image and set Camera to 16:9

        Hi, in all known online meeting tools, I can set up a background image reflecting our corporate design. This doesn't work in Cliq. Additionally, Cliq detects our cameras as 4:3, showing black bars on the right and left sides during the meeting. Where

      • ISO 27001 Compliance

        What are people doing to ensure ISO 27001 compliance for their Zoho environments? It would make sense for Log360 Cloud to integrate natively with the Zoho suite, but that is not the case. It requires a gateway cluster, which is not an option for a fully

      • Zoho People - Retrieve the Leave Details - get("LeaveCount")

        Hi, Zoho People I need to collect all of an employee's leave requests for the calendar year and check how many half-days they have taken. If I run the script on the query he just modified, I can retrieve the information related to that query and use the

      • What's new in Zoho Sheet: Simplify data entry and collaboration

        Hello, Zoho Sheet community! Last year, our team was focused on research and development so we could deliver updates that enhance your spreadsheet experience. This year, we’re excited to deliver those enhancements—but we'll be rolling them out incrementally

      • Marketer's Space: New to Campaigns? Some common early mistakes that might occur

        Hello Marketers, Welcome back to another post in Marketer's Space. If you're just getting started with Zoho Campaigns, things can feel exciting and slightly confusing at the same time. You're not alone. Most early frustrations come from setup gaps rather

      • This user is not allowed to add in Zoho. Please contact support-as@zohocorp.com for further details

        Hello, Just signed up to ZOHO on a friend's recommendation. Got the TXT part (verified my domain), but whenever I try to add ANY user, I get the error: This user is not allowed to add in Zoho. Please contact support-as@zohocorp.com for further details I have emailed as well and writing here as well because when I searched, I saw many people faced the same issue and instead of email, they got a faster response here. My domain is: raisingreaderspk . com Hope this can be resolved.  Thank you

      • Workflow Rule - Field Updates: Ability to use Placeholders

        It will be great if you can use placeholder tags to update fields. For example if we want to update a custom field with the client name we can use ${CONTACT.CONTACT_FIRSTNAME}${CONTACT.CONTACT_LASTNAME}, etc

      • Need a Universal Search Option in Zohobooks

        Hello Zoho, Need a Universal Search Option in Zohobooks to search across all transactions in our books of accounts. Please do the needful Thanks

      • Implement Date-Time-Based Triggers in Zoho Desk

        Dear Zoho Desk Support Team, We are writing to request a new feature that would allow for the creation of workflows triggered by specific date-time conditions. Currently, Zoho Desk does not provide native support for date-time-based triggers, limiting

      • Why is my Lookup field not being set through Desk's API?

        Hello, I'm having trouble setting a custom field when creating a Ticket in Zoho Desk. The endpoint I'm consulting is "https://desk.zoho.com/api/v1/tickets" and even though my payload has the right format, with a "cf" key dedicated to all custom fields,

      • How exactly does "Reply assistance" work in Zoho Desk? What context is sent to the LLM?

        Hi, Im trying to better understand the technical behavior of the feature "Reply assistance" in Zoho Desk, and I couldn’t find detailed information in the current documentation. Specifically, I have questions about what data is actually being sent to the

      • Deletion Workflows

        Hello, Unless I missed it, we can't create deletion workflows. My usecase is to auto-delete junk leads. We have field called lead status, and an agent qualify all our new leads. When it's a junk lead she chose the correspondant value in the picklist. My goal is that the system delete them automatically. Is that possible? Planed ?

      • URGENTImpossible to book an appointement

        J'essaie plusieurs fois mais aucun créneau n''est disponible Message d'erreur lorsque j'essaie de sélectionner une date

      • Sendpulse SMTP/IMAP Issues

        It’s possible Zoho made some changes on their side. Sometimes, even if your regular password works, Zoho requires an app-specific password for external apps like SendPulse to connect via IMAP. You can create this in Zoho’s security settings and use it

      • Insane mail security

        I cannot access my email... anywhere. For some reason the password for the Mail app on my Mac is being rejected, it worked yesterday but now it doesn't? Ok let's try the web interface. I can access my general Zoho login with the password but if I want

      • UI issue with Organize Tabs

        When looking at the organize Tabs window (bellow) you can see that some tabs are grayed out. there is also a "Add Module/Web Tab" button. When looking at this screen it's clear that the grayed out tabs can not be removed from the portal user's screen

      • Task list flag Internal/External for all phases

        Phases are commonly used in projects to note milestones in the progression of a project, while task lists can be used to group different types of tasks together. It makes sense to be able to define a task list as either internal or external however the

      • HAVING PROBLEM WITH SENDING EMAIL

        Hi all, I'm unable to receive emails on info@germanforgirls.eu. I'm getting an error code 550. 5.1.1. invalid email recipients. Moreso, I would like info@germanforgirls.eu to be the default "send from" email and not solomon@germanforgirls.eu. Kindly see

      • Sharing my portal URL with clients outside the project

        Hi I need help making my project public for anyone to check on my task. I'm a freelance artist and I use trello to keep track on my client's projects however I wanted to do an upgrade. Went on here and so far I'm loving it. However, I'm having an issue sharing my url to those to see progress. They said they needed an account to access my project. How do I fix this? Without them needing an account.

      • Different Task Layouts for Subtasks

        I was wondering how it would be possible for a subtask to have a different task layout to the parent task.

      • Subscription went to default (@zoho.com) address instead for custom domain

        Hello! So I bought a lite sub to test things out, wanting to use my own domain. However, after passing through all the verification steps (completed now), it seems that the sub I bought was assigned to the default email that I already had with Zoho and

      • Canvas templates and font-family

        i dont understant why its always the smallest things that waste all of my time! why in some videos i see they have tamplates in the Canvas editor and i cant seem to fint it? and why oih why cant i cange the font? i just want simple Arial! help meeeeeeeeee

      • Re: Ca.gory groups and not all email addresses being added to a group emails

        Hi, I have added emails under 'Contacts' into categories but when sending a group email and putting the category name in not all email addresses go onto the email. I have refreshed the page, deleted and redone the info etc with no luck. I only found out

      • IMPORTANT

        Dear Zoho Support Team, I am currently experiencing an issue when trying to send emails from my Zoho Mail account. Each time I attempt to send a message, I receive the following error: "Unable to send message; Reason: 554 5.1.8 Email Outgoing Blocked."

      • Able to Send Emails from Zoho but Not Receiving Emails from Gmail

        Hello, I am experiencing an issue with my shopify domain email setup and would appreciate your help. Current situation: I can successfully send emails using Zoho. I can receive emails from some services (for example, Facebook). However, I cannot receive

      • Antispam validation failed for your domain in Accounts

        I tried adding a domain to zeptomail.zoho.com, but the “add domain” operation failed. The front‑end error reads: “Domain could not be added. Please contact support@zeptomail.com.” The back‑end API returned: ``` { "error": { "code": "TM_3601", "details":

      • Announcing new features in Trident for Windows (v.1.38.5.0)

        Hello Community! Trident for Windows just received a major update, with a range of capabilities that focuses on strengthening and enhancing communication. Let’s dive into what’s new! View complete technical email details. For those who need deeper visibility

      • Windows Desktop App - request to add minimization/startup options

        Support Team, Can you submit the following request to your development team? Here is what would be optimal in my opinion from UX perspective: 1) In the "Application Menu", add a menu item to Exit the app, as well as an alt-key shortcut for these menus

      • Accounting of Amazon

        I have recently started selling on Amazon.in and I am facing issues with different types of transactions: What entry to do in case of return? If I had sent two products and customer returned both the products but I had received only one and got the claim

      • Compose Emails Faster Using Templates and Snippet

        Hello everyone, We have made an enhancement to the Send as Email option in Tickets. Agents can use templates and snippets to draft their response, which helps save time and maintain consistency. The Send as Email page will display the available templates

      • Customize Colors used on graphs and charts according to users desire.

        It would be great if we could customize the graph's colors as we see fit. I hate that yellow is always the default color!

      • Emails not integrating

        My emails from Hubspot did not integrtate over. How do I fix that?

      • Creating meetings from an email

        Hi. Similar to Outlook, it would be helpful if a meeting can be scheduled from an email so that the attendees need not be manually entered every time it's created.

      • Zoho Social API for generating draft posts from a third-party app ?

        Hello everyone, I hope you are all well. I have a question regarding Zoho Social. I am developing an application that generates social media posts, and I would like to be able to incorporate a feature that allows saving these posts as drafts in Zoho Social.

      • CRM Percent custom fields: When will it show the % symbol and behave like %?

        1. Actually Percent custom fields fail to show the % symbol. 2. When in formulas Percent fields work like number: 100 x 5% = 5 ideal world 100 x 5% = 500 what happens actually 3. When importing Percent fields the % symbol has to be removed and the data

      • Deprecation of the Zoho OAuth connector

        Hello everyone, At Zoho, we continuously evaluate our integrations to ensure they meet the highest standards of security, reliability, and compliance. As part of these ongoing efforts, we've made the decision to deprecate the Zoho OAuth default connector

      • Next Page