Kaizen #177: Duplicate Check Preferences API vs. Upsert API

Kaizen #177: Duplicate Check Preferences API vs. Upsert API

Hello all!!!

Welcome back to another week of Kaizen. Last week, we discussed Optimizing the Use of Record ID Variables in Zoho CRM Queries.

This week, we will explore two important APIs for managing duplicate records in Zoho CRM - Duplicate Check Preferences API and Upsert Records API. While both of these APIs help manage duplicate records, they serve different purposes and are to be used in different scenarios. 




This post covers:
  • What is the Duplicate Check Preferences API?
    • Use Case
    • Duplicate Check Configurations
    • Updating Duplicate Check Configuration
    • How Duplicate Check Preferences Work During Record Creation/Update?
  • What is the Upsert API?
    • Use Case
  • Differences between Duplicate Check Preferences API and Upsert API

What is the Duplicate Check Preferences API

The Duplicate Check Preferences API is a configuration API that allows you to set up criteria using unique fields to manage duplicates across Leads module including Converted Leads and Contacts
in Zoho CRM. Based on the given criteria, the system will restrict the creation or update of duplicate records. For example, if the Phone field is marked as unique and set for duplicate checks, the system will make sure that no two records have the same phone number during records creation or update.

With the Duplicate Check Preferences API, you can define criteria to find duplicates, such as matching email addresses, phone numbers, or custom fields. During record creation or update, Zoho CRM checks the configured criteria against converted leads or contacts. If a match is found, it triggers a "DUPLICATE_DATA" error and blocks duplicates based on your configuration.

By default, the Insert Records API and Update Records API automatically check for this configuration. If a record matches the defined duplicate criteria, the system prevents its creation or update.

Use case

Zylker, a sales team managing customer contacts in Zoho CRM, often imports leads from various sources like website forms, events, and campaigns. However, the team noticed that many duplicate contacts are being created because the same phone number is associated with some of the contacts. This creates confusion and results in redundant work in their sales process.
By using the Duplicate Check Preferences API, Zylker can prevent the anymore duplicate contacts based on phone numbers (phone is used for an example).

Duplicate Check Configurations

In Zoho CRM, you can configure duplicate check preferences via API in two ways. 

i. Configuration in Leads module
The system checks for duplicates on all the Leads using the specified unique fields. By selecting this option, the duplicates will be checked on all the Converted Leads (custom view) as well. This configuration is applicable across all the layouts.
The following is the configuration for duplicate check in the Leads module via API. 

Request Method: POST

Note:
  • The "module" parameter is mandatory, and its supported value is Leads. 
  • The above URL applies to both Leads and Contacts module configurations.
  •  You must mark at least one field as mandatory. So, the system can check for duplicates based on the value in the unique field within the Leads module when creating a record.
Input JSON

{
    "duplicate_check_preference": {
        "type": "converted_records", //Converted Leads custom view in Leads module
    }
}


Response

{
    "duplicate_check_preference": {
        "code": "SUCCESS",
        "details": {},
        "message": "Duplicate check enabled for converted_records successfully.",
        "status": "success"
    }
}




ii. Configuration in Contacts module

By selecting this option, the system will check for duplicates in the Contacts module using mapped fields.

Input JSON

{
    "duplicate_check_preference": {
        "type": "mapped_module_records",
        "type_configurations": [
            {
                "field_mappings": [
                    {
                        "current_field": {
                            "api_name": "Email",
                            "id": "5725767000000002601"
                        },
                        "mapped_field": {
                            "api_name": "Email",
                            "id": "5725767000000002503"
                        }
                    }
                ],
                "mapped_module": {
                    "api_name": "Contacts",
                    "id": "5725767000000002179"
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}


The "Phone" field from both the Leads and Contacts modules is mapped to identify duplicate records.

How Duplicate Check Preferences Work During Record Creation/Update

Consider Zylker has configured the Contacts module ("type":"mapped_module_records") to check duplicate contacts.
For example, a sales representative at Zylker attempts to add a contact from the Cold Call lead source. However, the same contact already exists in the Contacts module, either from the same or a different lead source.
Since the Contacts module is configured for duplicate check preferences, the system will check for duplicates in the Contacts module using mapped fields. During the record insertion action, the system verifies the Contacts module for any matching records based on these unique identifiers. Based on the result, it either creates the record or throws an error.

Use the Insert Records API to create records in a module.

Request Method: POST

Input JSON

{
    "data": [
        {
            "Company": "Villa Margarita",
            "Last_Name": "Dolan",
            "First_Name": "Brian",
            "Email": "brian@villa.com",
            "Phone": "12345",
            "State": "Texas"
        }
    ]
}


Response


 {

    "data": [

        {

            "code": "DUPLICATE_DATA",

            "details": {

                "api_name": "Email",

                "duplicate_record": {

                    "Owner": {

                        "name": "Patricia Boyle",

                        "id": "5725767000000411001",

                        "zuid": "808233918"

                    },

                    "module": {

                        "api_name": "Contacts",

                        "id": "5725767000000002179"

                    },

                    "id": "5725767000000774010" //The record that already exists in the Contacts module.

                },

                "json_path": "$.data[0].Email",

                "more_records": false

            },

            "message": "duplicate data",

            "status": "error"

        }

    ]

}


Duplicates are also checked during record updates. If a record is updated with a value that already exists in a unique field, the system indicates it as a duplicate and returns a "DUPLICATE_DATA" error.

Update Duplicate Check Configuration

To update the previously enabled Duplicate Check option configured in your account, use the Update Duplicate Check Option API.


The Contacts ("type": "mapped_module_records") configuration is used in the below sample input. 


{
    "duplicate_check_preference": {
        "type": "mapped_module_records",
        "type_configurations": [
            {
                "field_mappings": [
                    {
                        "mapped_field": {
                            "api_name": "Phone", //The previously configured Email field as a unique identifier in Contacts has now been replaced with the Phone field.
                            "name": "Contacts",
                            "id": "5725767000000411001"
                        },
                        "current_field": {
                            "api_name": "Phone",
                            "name": "Leads", //The previously configured Email field as a unique identifier in Leads has now been replaced with the Phone field.
                            "id": "5725767000005381030"
                        }
                    }
                ],
                "mapped_module": {
                    "api_name": "Contacts",
                    "name": "Contacts",
                    "id": "5725767000000002179"
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

You can also retrieve and delete duplicate configuration.

What is the Upsert API?

The Upsert API is a combination of "update" and "insert". 


How it works?

  • You provide a unique identifier (e.g., email, phone number, or a custom field) to check for existing records.

  • If a record with the same identifier exists, it updates that record.

  • If no matching record is found, it creates a new one.

Flow diagram

Use Case 

Zylker, an e-commerce company, uses Zoho CRM to manage customer data. Customers sign up on Zylker’s online store, and their details are stored in the e-commerce platform like Shopify. Over time, customers may update their contact information, or new customers may sign up. To keep customer records in Zoho CRM accurate and avoid duplicates, Zylker uses the Upsert API to:
  • Update existing customer records details if the given unique identifier, such as email or phone number, matches an existing record in Zoho CRM.
  • Insert a new record if no match is found.  This way, Zylker ensures that new customers are added efficiently.

There are two types of duplicate check fields:

i. System-defined duplicate check fields.
ii. User-defined duplicate check fields.

i. System-defined duplicate check fields
The table below lists the system-defined unique fields. When you create a record using the Upsert API, the system checks these fields for duplicate entries. 

Leads

Email

Contacts

Email

Accounts

Account_Name

Deals

Deal_Name

Campaigns

Campaign_Name

Cases

Subject

Solutions

Solution_Title

Products

Product_Name

Vendors

Vendor_Name

PriceBooks

Price_Book_Name

Quotes

Subject

SalesOrders

Subject

PurchaseOrders

Subject

Invoices

Subject

Custom Module

Name


ii. User-defined duplicate check fields
You can set a normal field as a duplicate check field by enabling "Do not allow duplicate values." Note that you can only set fields with the following field-types as unique— Single Line, Email, Phone, Number, Long Integer, and URL.


Request Method: POST

Sample Input JSON

Here, "Email," a system-defined field, has been used as a duplicate check field.
{
    "data": [
        {
            "Email": "alice@mail.com",
            "First_Name": "Alice",
            "Last_Name": "Brown",
            "Phone": "+1-555-222-3333",
            "Order_Date": "2024-01-10",
            "Order_Value": "$175.00"
        },
        {
            "Email": "pat@mail.com",
            "First_Name": "pat",
            "Last_Name": "Davis",
            "Phone": "+1-555-666-7777",
            "Order_Date": "2024-01-15",
            "Order_Value": "$300.00"
        }
    ],
    "duplicate_check_fields": [
        "Email" //You can set the order in which the system checks for duplicate records by specifying the duplicate_check_field array in the input. 
    ]
}

Response


{
    "data": [
        {
            "code": "SUCCESS",
            "duplicate_field": null,
            "action": "insert",
            "details": {
                "Modified_Time": "2025-02-08T09:43:08-08:00",
                "Modified_By": {
                    "name": "Patricia Boyle",
                    "id": "5725767000000411001"
                },
                "Created_Time": "2025-02-08T09:43:08-08:00",
                "id": "5725767000005425036",
                "Created_By": {
                    "name": "Patricia Boyle",
                    "id": "5725767000000411001"
                }
            },
            "message": "record added",
            "status": "success"
        },
        {
            "code": "SUCCESS",
            "duplicate_field": "Email",
            "action": "update",
            "details": {
                "Modified_Time": "2025-02-08T09:43:08-08:00",
                "Modified_By": {
                    "name": "Patricia Boyle",
                    "id": "5725767000000411001"
                },
                "Created_Time": "2025-02-08T08:52:22-08:00",
                "id": "5725767000005425002",
                "Created_By": {
                    "name": "Patricia Boyle",
                    "id": "5725767000000411001"
                }
            },
            "message": "record updated",
            "status": "success"
        }
    ]
}


For more details on how the Upsert API works, refer to the Kaizen #56 - Upsert Records #API.

Differences between Duplicate Check Preferences API and Upsert API

 

                Duplicate Check API

                           Upsert API

Duplicate Check Preferences can be enabled only in the Leads module.

Supports all modules.

Throws a "DUPLICATE_DATA" error if a duplicate is detected.

Updates the existing record with new field values if a match is found for the unique fields; otherwise, inserts a new record.


Use the above Zoho CRM APIs which fit your use cases.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

We trust that this post meets your needs and is helpful. Let us know your thoughts in the comment section or reach out to us at support@zohocrm.com 
Stay tuned for more insights in our upcoming Kaizen posts!

Info

    • Sticky Posts

    • Kaizen #198: Using Client Script for Custom Validation in Blueprint

      Nearing 200th Kaizen Post – 1 More to the Big Two-Oh-Oh! Do you have any questions, suggestions, or topics you would like us to cover in future posts? Your insights and suggestions help us shape future content and make this series better for everyone.

    • Kaizen #226: Using ZRC in Client Script

      Hello everyone! Welcome to another week of Kaizen. In today's post, lets see what is ZRC (Zoho Request Client) and how we can use ZRC methods in Client Script to get inputs from a Salesperson and update the Lead status with a single button click. In this

    • Kaizen #222 - Client Script Support for Notes Related List

      Hello everyone! Welcome to another week of Kaizen. The final Kaizen post of the year 2025 is here! With the new Client Script support for the Notes Related List, you can validate, enrich, and manage notes across modules. In this post, we’ll explore how

    • Kaizen #217 - Actions APIs : Tasks

      Welcome to another week of Kaizen! In last week's post we discussed Email Notifications APIs which act as the link between your Workflow automations and you. We have discussed how Zylker Cloud Services uses Email Notifications API in their custom dashboard.

    • Kaizen #216 - Actions APIs : Email Notifications

      Welcome to another week of Kaizen! For the last three weeks, we have been discussing Zylker's workflows. We successfully updated a dormant workflow, built a new one from the ground up and more. But our work is not finished—these automated processes are

    • Recent Topics

    • Announcing new features in Trident for Windows (v.1.37.5.0)

      Hello Community! Trident for Windows just received a major update, with a range of capabilities that strengthen email security and enhance communication. This update focuses on making your mailbox safer and your overall email experience more reliable.

    • Early Payment Discount customize Text

      Hi, I’m currently using Zoho Books and am trying to customize the standard “Early Payment Discount” message that appears in the PDF invoice template. I’ve reviewed the documentation here: https://www.zoho.com/books/help/invoice/early-payment-discount.html

    • Deprecation of SMS-based multi-factor authentication (MFA) mode

      Overview of SMS-based OTP MFA mode The SMS-based OTP MFA method involves the delivery of a one-time password to a user's mobile phone via SMS. The user receives the OTP on their mobile phone and enters it to sign into their account. SMS-based OTPs offer

    • DKIM Now Mandatory - Changes to Zoho Forms Email Policies

      Hello Zoho Forms Users, This post is to inform you about an important update regarding the authentication of all email domains in your Zoho Forms account. This year, we are doubling down on our commitment to deliver a secure, seamless, and empowering

    • Call description in notes

      When completing a call, we type in the result of the call in the description. However, that does not show up under the notes history on the contact. We want to be able to see all the calls that have taken place for a contact wihtout having to go into

    • Email Address for Contact not Populating

      When I click "Send Mail" from a Contact's page, their email address does not auto populate the "To" field. How do I make this happen?

    • New in CRM: Dynamic filters for lookup fields

      Last modified on Oct 28, 2024: This feature was initially available only through Early Access upon request. It is now available to all users across all data centers, except for the IN DC. Users in the IN DC can temporarily request access using this form

    • Why hybrid project management might be the best fit for you?

      Project management techniques are designed to equip teams with proven methods for easy and efficient project execution. While management teams may have apprehensions about adopting the hybrid method of project management, we’ve compiled the top reasons

    • Allow all Company Users to view all projects, but only owner/admins can change projects

      I was wondering if there was a permission setting I could adjust to allow all our company users to see all projects created. Then, only the project owners and admins with the change permission. Thanks

    • Seeking help to be able to search on all custom functions that are defined

      Hello I have a lot of custom functions defined (around 200) and i would like to search some specific strings in the content of those. Is there a way to accomplish that? If not, is there a way to download all existing custom functions in some files locally

    • Add Bulk Section / Grid Layout Duplicate Feature in Zoho Forms Builder

      Currently in Zoho Forms, users can only duplicate individual fields. There is no option to duplicate an entire section or two-column/grid layout with all internal fields. This becomes inefficient when building structured forms such as Family Details,

    • Leistungsdatum in Rechnungen (Zoho Books)

      Hallo, ist es irgendwie möglich den Leistungszeitraum in der Rechnung aufzuführen? Beste Grüße Aleks

    • Zoho Trident Windows - Streams Not Visible

      Namaste We’re having an issue with Streams not being visible in Trident (Windows), which is important for us as we share many emails internally. It appears that the feature to show Streams above the Inbox folder, as seen in the default mailbox view, is

    • Sales IQ Chat Widget is Only Displaying Last Name

      Can anyone suggest why the widget is only displaying "last name"?! We have the latest version of the wordpress plugin installed. Thanks Thanks!

    • Shopify - Item sync from Zoho Inventory

      Hi team, We’ve connected Shopify with Zoho Inventory. We want that when an item is created in Zoho Inventory, it must create a product in Shopify. But currently, new items created in Zoho Inventory are not getting created in Shopify even after clicking

    • Kill zoho meeting

      Saying the quiet part out loud. Can zoho please just give up on the idea that they can make a meeting platform and just make our workplace licenses cheaper when you remove it so people can switch to zoom or teams. Tired of the excuses, you guys cant make

    • Utilisation de Zoho en conformité avec l’article 286 du Code général des impôts (CGI)

      Cher(e) client(e), Conformément à l’article 286 du Code général des impôts (CGI) impose aux entreprises assujetties à la TVA d’utiliser des systèmes de caisse ou de gestion commerciale certifiés lorsqu’elles enregistrent des ventes à des particuliers.

    • Unable to Create Task as a Support Administrator

      Hello! I want to ask for help regarding creating tasks within the tickets. I am by default the Support Admin. I should be able to create tasks or activities right? But there's a prompt that I need to contact the Administrator. See photos for reference.

    • Introducing Forms in Zoho Sheet

      We hereby bring you the power of ​forms in Zoho Sheet. ​Now, build and create your own customized forms using Zoho Sheet. Be it compiling a questionnaire or rolling out a survey, Zoho Sheet can do it all for you. Forms is an excellent feature that helps you collect information in the simplest of ways and having it in Zoho Sheet takes it a notch higher. Build Simple yet Powerful forms Building forms using Zoho Sheet is fairly simple. The exclusive 'Form' tab lets you create one quickly. Whether you

    • Layout one survey question in a time & redirect next Page based on previous response

      I have doubt while, I am scripting survey on the Zoho where I redirecting to next page based on my previous response but didn’t get success on this. Please help me on this and tell me how I layout one survey questions in a time when I submit response

    • Zoho Bookings form pre-filled with Zoho Forms in

      Hi, I've got a contact page on my website and I'd like to have the option to book an appointment (redirected to zoho bookings page) after an option is submitted on the contact form. how would I go about doing this? thanks

    • Support “Other” Option with Free Text in Dropdown Fields

      Hello Zoho Bookings Team, Greetings, We would like to request an enhancement to the registration form fields in Zoho Bookings, specifically for dropdown fields. Current Limitation: At the moment, dropdown fields do not support an “Other” option that allows

    • Detailed Balance Sheet for tax preparer

      I'm using the free edition of Zoho Books. My tax preparer is asking for "detailed" Profit & Loss and Balance Sheet reports which include all the activity and transactions within the various categories. The default reports do not include these details.

    • Sending automated messages that appear in the ticket's conversation thread

      Good morning, esteemed Zoho Desk community, warm greetings Today I am here to raise the following problem, seeking a solution that I can implement: I need to implement an automation that allows me to send reminder messages to customers when I am waiting

    • Payment Card or Identity form-fill from Vault?

      Hello! I'm working on replacing Bitwarden with Vault and one issue I've run into is that I can't find any option to fill address and payment forms from Payment Card or Identity info that has been saved in Vault. Is there a way to do this? Is it a planned

    • Ability to add VAT to Retainer Invoices

      Hello, I've had a telephone conversation a month ago with Dinesh on this topic and my request to allow for the addition of VAT on Retainer Invoices.  It's currently not possible to add VAT to Retainer Invoices and it was mutually agreed that there is absolutely no reason why there shouldn't be, especially as TAX LAW makes VAT mandatory on each invoice in Europe!   So basically, what i'm saying is that if you don't allow us to add VAT to Retainer Invoices, than the whole Retainer Invoices becomes

    • Time Log Reminder

      Tracking the time spent on tasks and issues is one of the most important functions of a timesheet. However, users may forget to update the time logs because they have their own goals to achieve. But, time logs must be updated at regular intervals to keep

    • [Early-access] Introducing Zoho's CommandCenter - Cross-Zoho business process automation

        Resources to help Webinar recording | Documentation  Feature Restrictions Currently available on early-access only for US data center accounts Features Role CommandCenter as a Service uses signals across Zoho services to propel the movement of records

    • Tip #58- Accessibility Controls in Zoho Assist: Learning- 'Insider Insights'

      Learning should be clear and interruption-free for everyone. Timely feedback plays an important role in helping users understand actions as they happen, without breaking their focus. In this post, we’ll explore the final section of Accessibility: Learning.

    • ZIA "Generate Content" action doesn't have contexual data from the ticket

      "Generate Content" action doesn't have contexual data from the ticket. I try to get AI to help me with this ticket but it doesn't seem to have any ticket information as context. Although the ticket has a lot of information in it.

    • Zoho Desk - Zoho FSM Integration issue on Mobile and iPad

      Hello Team, I am trying to create a Work Order (WO) using the Zoho FSM integration (Add-on Service) that is integrated with Zoho Desk. The issue is that the integration is not working on mobile devices and iPads. While I am able to create the WO, Request,

    • E-File Form 1099 Directly With the IRS From Zoho Books

      The Form 1099 filing season has begun, and businesses are required to e-file certain forms with the IRS to report payments made to vendors and contractors. If your business made qualifying payments during the year, you must e-file the appropriate Form

    • Suggestions for showing subscribed Topics in CRM (contact record)

      We have several Topics set up in ZMA. We also have a sync set up between ZMA and CRM. I'd like to display the subscribed topics on the CRM Contact record. This will allow the Sales team (who uses CRM) to see at a glance what topics a Contact is subscribed

    • Replies sometimes creating separate ticket

      Sometimes when a customer responds to an email coming from Zoho Desk, instead of adding a reply to the original ticket, a separate ticket is created. This happens even though the response subject line contained the ticket number, and the person responding

    • Re-hide fields when option is unselected

      Hi all Can anyone help me with this - when I create a 'show' field rule for when a dropdown option is selected, how to I make it so the 'show' option re-hides if that option is no longer selected?

    • Custom Fields

      There is no way to add a custom field in the "Timesheet" module. Honestly, the ability to add a custom field should be available in every module.

    • Consultant-Only Booking Page

      Zoho Bookings does not allow for Meeting Type OR Workspace-Wide booking pages to be turned off. This is detrimental to organizations that have territory-based or assigned accounts, because if prospects can go to these booking pages and either select the

    • Custom Sorting based on other columns in table

      I need the ability to apply custom sorting to a text-based dimension in the X axis where the sorting is based on another column in the table. For example, I have a chart report where the X axis is a text label. I would like to be able to sort those text

    • Feature Request: Enable Custom PDF Layout Editor for All Modules (Including Package Slips)

      Hello Zoho Community and Product Team, I am writing to share a suggestion that would significantly enhance the customization capabilities within Zoho Books. We all appreciate the power of the Custom PDF Layouts (the "New" template engine) that allows

    • Is there a way to invoke deluge function from within a widget?

      Hi! I have custom functions in deluge and I was wondering whether there is any way to call this function through a widget? Something like on click of a button inside a widget, run the deluge custom function. Would this be possible?

    • Next Page