Kaizen #177: Duplicate Check Preferences API vs. Upsert API

Kaizen #177: Duplicate Check Preferences API vs. Upsert API

Hello all!!!

Welcome back to another week of Kaizen. Last week, we discussed Optimizing the Use of Record ID Variables in Zoho CRM Queries.

This week, we will explore two important APIs for managing duplicate records in Zoho CRM - Duplicate Check Preferences API and Upsert Records API. While both of these APIs help manage duplicate records, they serve different purposes and are to be used in different scenarios. 




This post covers:
  • What is the Duplicate Check Preferences API?
    • Use Case
    • Duplicate Check Configurations
    • Updating Duplicate Check Configuration
    • How Duplicate Check Preferences Work During Record Creation/Update?
  • What is the Upsert API?
    • Use Case
  • Differences between Duplicate Check Preferences API and Upsert API

What is the Duplicate Check Preferences API

The Duplicate Check Preferences API is a configuration API that allows you to set up criteria using unique fields to manage duplicates across Leads module including Converted Leads and Contacts
in Zoho CRM. Based on the given criteria, the system will restrict the creation or update of duplicate records. For example, if the Phone field is marked as unique and set for duplicate checks, the system will make sure that no two records have the same phone number during records creation or update.

With the Duplicate Check Preferences API, you can define criteria to find duplicates, such as matching email addresses, phone numbers, or custom fields. During record creation or update, Zoho CRM checks the configured criteria against converted leads or contacts. If a match is found, it triggers a "DUPLICATE_DATA" error and blocks duplicates based on your configuration.

By default, the Insert Records API and Update Records API automatically check for this configuration. If a record matches the defined duplicate criteria, the system prevents its creation or update.

Use case

Zylker, a sales team managing customer contacts in Zoho CRM, often imports leads from various sources like website forms, events, and campaigns. However, the team noticed that many duplicate contacts are being created because the same phone number is associated with some of the contacts. This creates confusion and results in redundant work in their sales process.
By using the Duplicate Check Preferences API, Zylker can prevent the anymore duplicate contacts based on phone numbers (phone is used for an example).

Duplicate Check Configurations

In Zoho CRM, you can configure duplicate check preferences via API in two ways. 

i. Configuration in Leads module
The system checks for duplicates on all the Leads using the specified unique fields. By selecting this option, the duplicates will be checked on all the Converted Leads (custom view) as well. This configuration is applicable across all the layouts.
The following is the configuration for duplicate check in the Leads module via API. 

Request Method: POST

Note:
  • The "module" parameter is mandatory, and its supported value is Leads. 
  • The above URL applies to both Leads and Contacts module configurations.
  •  You must mark at least one field as mandatory. So, the system can check for duplicates based on the value in the unique field within the Leads module when creating a record.
Input JSON

{
    "duplicate_check_preference": {
        "type": "converted_records", //Converted Leads custom view in Leads module
    }
}


Response

{
    "duplicate_check_preference": {
        "code": "SUCCESS",
        "details": {},
        "message": "Duplicate check enabled for converted_records successfully.",
        "status": "success"
    }
}




ii. Configuration in Contacts module

By selecting this option, the system will check for duplicates in the Contacts module using mapped fields.

Input JSON

{
    "duplicate_check_preference": {
        "type": "mapped_module_records",
        "type_configurations": [
            {
                "field_mappings": [
                    {
                        "current_field": {
                            "api_name": "Email",
                            "id": "5725767000000002601"
                        },
                        "mapped_field": {
                            "api_name": "Email",
                            "id": "5725767000000002503"
                        }
                    }
                ],
                "mapped_module": {
                    "api_name": "Contacts",
                    "id": "5725767000000002179"
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}


The "Phone" field from both the Leads and Contacts modules is mapped to identify duplicate records.

How Duplicate Check Preferences Work During Record Creation/Update

Consider Zylker has configured the Contacts module ("type":"mapped_module_records") to check duplicate contacts.
For example, a sales representative at Zylker attempts to add a contact from the Cold Call lead source. However, the same contact already exists in the Contacts module, either from the same or a different lead source.
Since the Contacts module is configured for duplicate check preferences, the system will check for duplicates in the Contacts module using mapped fields. During the record insertion action, the system verifies the Contacts module for any matching records based on these unique identifiers. Based on the result, it either creates the record or throws an error.

Use the Insert Records API to create records in a module.

Request Method: POST

Input JSON

{
    "data": [
        {
            "Company": "Villa Margarita",
            "Last_Name": "Dolan",
            "First_Name": "Brian",
            "Email": "brian@villa.com",
            "Phone": "12345",
            "State": "Texas"
        }
    ]
}


Response


 {

    "data": [

        {

            "code": "DUPLICATE_DATA",

            "details": {

                "api_name": "Email",

                "duplicate_record": {

                    "Owner": {

                        "name": "Patricia Boyle",

                        "id": "5725767000000411001",

                        "zuid": "808233918"

                    },

                    "module": {

                        "api_name": "Contacts",

                        "id": "5725767000000002179"

                    },

                    "id": "5725767000000774010" //The record that already exists in the Contacts module.

                },

                "json_path": "$.data[0].Email",

                "more_records": false

            },

            "message": "duplicate data",

            "status": "error"

        }

    ]

}


Duplicates are also checked during record updates. If a record is updated with a value that already exists in a unique field, the system indicates it as a duplicate and returns a "DUPLICATE_DATA" error.

Update Duplicate Check Configuration

To update the previously enabled Duplicate Check option configured in your account, use the Update Duplicate Check Option API.


The Contacts ("type": "mapped_module_records") configuration is used in the below sample input. 


{
    "duplicate_check_preference": {
        "type": "mapped_module_records",
        "type_configurations": [
            {
                "field_mappings": [
                    {
                        "mapped_field": {
                            "api_name": "Phone", //The previously configured Email field as a unique identifier in Contacts has now been replaced with the Phone field.
                            "name": "Contacts",
                            "id": "5725767000000411001"
                        },
                        "current_field": {
                            "api_name": "Phone",
                            "name": "Leads", //The previously configured Email field as a unique identifier in Leads has now been replaced with the Phone field.
                            "id": "5725767000005381030"
                        }
                    }
                ],
                "mapped_module": {
                    "api_name": "Contacts",
                    "name": "Contacts",
                    "id": "5725767000000002179"
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

You can also retrieve and delete duplicate configuration.

What is the Upsert API?

The Upsert API is a combination of "update" and "insert". 


How it works?

  • You provide a unique identifier (e.g., email, phone number, or a custom field) to check for existing records.

  • If a record with the same identifier exists, it updates that record.

  • If no matching record is found, it creates a new one.

Flow diagram

Use Case 

Zylker, an e-commerce company, uses Zoho CRM to manage customer data. Customers sign up on Zylker’s online store, and their details are stored in the e-commerce platform like Shopify. Over time, customers may update their contact information, or new customers may sign up. To keep customer records in Zoho CRM accurate and avoid duplicates, Zylker uses the Upsert API to:
  • Update existing customer records details if the given unique identifier, such as email or phone number, matches an existing record in Zoho CRM.
  • Insert a new record if no match is found.  This way, Zylker ensures that new customers are added efficiently.

There are two types of duplicate check fields:

i. System-defined duplicate check fields.
ii. User-defined duplicate check fields.

i. System-defined duplicate check fields
The table below lists the system-defined unique fields. When you create a record using the Upsert API, the system checks these fields for duplicate entries. 

Leads

Email

Contacts

Email

Accounts

Account_Name

Deals

Deal_Name

Campaigns

Campaign_Name

Cases

Subject

Solutions

Solution_Title

Products

Product_Name

Vendors

Vendor_Name

PriceBooks

Price_Book_Name

Quotes

Subject

SalesOrders

Subject

PurchaseOrders

Subject

Invoices

Subject

Custom Module

Name


ii. User-defined duplicate check fields
You can set a normal field as a duplicate check field by enabling "Do not allow duplicate values." Note that you can only set fields with the following field-types as unique— Single Line, Email, Phone, Number, Long Integer, and URL.


Request Method: POST

Sample Input JSON

Here, "Email," a system-defined field, has been used as a duplicate check field.
{
    "data": [
        {
            "Email": "alice@mail.com",
            "First_Name": "Alice",
            "Last_Name": "Brown",
            "Phone": "+1-555-222-3333",
            "Order_Date": "2024-01-10",
            "Order_Value": "$175.00"
        },
        {
            "Email": "pat@mail.com",
            "First_Name": "pat",
            "Last_Name": "Davis",
            "Phone": "+1-555-666-7777",
            "Order_Date": "2024-01-15",
            "Order_Value": "$300.00"
        }
    ],
    "duplicate_check_fields": [
        "Email" //You can set the order in which the system checks for duplicate records by specifying the duplicate_check_field array in the input. 
    ]
}

Response


{
    "data": [
        {
            "code": "SUCCESS",
            "duplicate_field": null,
            "action": "insert",
            "details": {
                "Modified_Time": "2025-02-08T09:43:08-08:00",
                "Modified_By": {
                    "name": "Patricia Boyle",
                    "id": "5725767000000411001"
                },
                "Created_Time": "2025-02-08T09:43:08-08:00",
                "id": "5725767000005425036",
                "Created_By": {
                    "name": "Patricia Boyle",
                    "id": "5725767000000411001"
                }
            },
            "message": "record added",
            "status": "success"
        },
        {
            "code": "SUCCESS",
            "duplicate_field": "Email",
            "action": "update",
            "details": {
                "Modified_Time": "2025-02-08T09:43:08-08:00",
                "Modified_By": {
                    "name": "Patricia Boyle",
                    "id": "5725767000000411001"
                },
                "Created_Time": "2025-02-08T08:52:22-08:00",
                "id": "5725767000005425002",
                "Created_By": {
                    "name": "Patricia Boyle",
                    "id": "5725767000000411001"
                }
            },
            "message": "record updated",
            "status": "success"
        }
    ]
}


For more details on how the Upsert API works, refer to the Kaizen #56 - Upsert Records #API.

Differences between Duplicate Check Preferences API and Upsert API

 

                Duplicate Check API

                           Upsert API

Duplicate Check Preferences can be enabled only in the Leads module.

Supports all modules.

Throws a "DUPLICATE_DATA" error if a duplicate is detected.

Updates the existing record with new field values if a match is found for the unique fields; otherwise, inserts a new record.


Use the above Zoho CRM APIs which fit your use cases.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

We trust that this post meets your needs and is helpful. Let us know your thoughts in the comment section or reach out to us at support@zohocrm.com 
Stay tuned for more insights in our upcoming Kaizen posts!

Info

    • Sticky Posts

    • Kaizen #198: Using Client Script for Custom Validation in Blueprint

      Nearing 200th Kaizen Post – 1 More to the Big Two-Oh-Oh! Do you have any questions, suggestions, or topics you would like us to cover in future posts? Your insights and suggestions help us shape future content and make this series better for everyone.

    • Kaizen #226: Using ZRC in Client Script

      Hello everyone! Welcome to another week of Kaizen. In today's post, lets see what is ZRC (Zoho Request Client) and how we can use ZRC methods in Client Script to get inputs from a Salesperson and update the Lead status with a single button click. In this

    • Kaizen #222 - Client Script Support for Notes Related List

      Hello everyone! Welcome to another week of Kaizen. The final Kaizen post of the year 2025 is here! With the new Client Script support for the Notes Related List, you can validate, enrich, and manage notes across modules. In this post, we’ll explore how

    • Kaizen #217 - Actions APIs : Tasks

      Welcome to another week of Kaizen! In last week's post we discussed Email Notifications APIs which act as the link between your Workflow automations and you. We have discussed how Zylker Cloud Services uses Email Notifications API in their custom dashboard.

    • Kaizen #216 - Actions APIs : Email Notifications

      Welcome to another week of Kaizen! For the last three weeks, we have been discussing Zylker's workflows. We successfully updated a dormant workflow, built a new one from the ground up and more. But our work is not finished—these automated processes are

    • Recent Topics

    • Setting up property management in Zoho Books

      Hi, I run a property management business that manages property complexes. There are multiple owners, some owning more than one property on the same complex. My role is to manage the fees they pay for maintenance of common areas, such as the swimming pool

    • How to prevent users from switching price lists in an order?

      Hi, I have Zoho Finance integrated with Zoho CRM. My team will be placing orders through the CRM using the Finance module. When creating a new customer I will assign it a price list, I don't want the sales rep to switch to a different Price List, other

    • Unable to Change Display Name for my outlook mail ID

      Hello, I recently added my personal outlook mail to Zohomail (in the web interface) using POP3 options. I tried to change the display name of the outlook account, but it changes for a brief moment and reverts back to the old name. Kindly help me with

    • Mollie Connect in Zoho Books

      Have noticed that Zoho Books is missing the most popular payment provider in Europe: Mollie. Knowing that Mollie has a solid Java SDK, why is this not yet implemented in Zoho Books for European customers?  More info: https://docs.mollie.com/oauth/ov

    • Unable to change Lookup field from Multi Select to Single Select

      I am trying to change a Lookup field in my Zoho Creator form from Multi Select to Single Select, but I am unable to find any option to do this.

    • Simple Callback Notifications Needed

      My team are terrible at remembering their CRM callbacks, often due to how long in the future they are set for. Is there a way i can set an e-mail notification for when a callback is due? For example we set it for 9am one day and five minutes before they

    • Personal Data (RODO), Cookies / Trackers - ePrivacy

      I have noticed several issues that should be addressed on the customer support page. Zoho Desk provides the support portal, but it currently lacks the following options: A GDPR and personal data processing consent checkbox before logging in, located in

    • How to set a multi-lookup field as mandatory?

    • Allow Multiple Scheduled Appointments with Zoho Support

      Dear Zoho Team, I hope you're doing well. First, thank you for introducing the option to schedule support calls via the Zoho CRM booking link. This has been a fantastic enhancement, eliminating the need for back-and-forth coordination when scheduling

    • Audit Log for Zoho One Admin Panel

      Dear Zoho One Team, We would like to request the addition of an Audit Log feature in the Zoho One Admin Panel. This log should provide visibility into any changes made within the Zoho One admin panel and directory, including but not limited to: Adding,

    • Bug: OAuth 2.0 State Parameter fails with Pipe Delimiters (RFC 6749 Non-Compliance)

      I've discovered a bug in how Zoho's API Console handles the OAuth 2.0 authorization flow when the state parameter contains pipe characters (|), and I'm hoping the Zoho team can address this in a future update. The Issue Zoho's OAuth 2.0 implementation

    • Custom Function to increment a value by one

      Hi, I'm trying to find a solution to set up a counter on CRM records that tracks how many times certain actions have taken place. As a specific example: We have a field on Deals called "Times Close Updated". This starts at 0 on record creation. I'd like

    • Access token generate from the refresh token not working for API

      Dear Sir/Madam, When I use my refresh token to obtain new access_token, that token return INVALID_TOKEN when the same API is called. I made sure that my api site is correct and match the auth web site. However the original access_token work fine.

    • why does my campaign move back to draft?

      Every time I try to send my email campaign, it reverts back to Draft status.. this has happened three times in a row..how do i find out what the problem is? Thanks

    • Service and Parts Line Item Limitations

      Hi FSM Team, We work with clients who deliver large-scale field service projects. In many cases, a single work order can contain 200+ service and parts line items. Currently, Zoho FSM limits work orders to 30 service and parts line items. While this works

    • 【Zoho CRM】やりとりの要約機能リリースのお知らせ

      ユーザーの皆さま、こんにちは。コミュニティチームの藤澤です。 今回は「Zoho CRM アップデート情報」の中から、新機能のやりとり要約機能をご紹介します。 Zoho CRMのやりとりの要約は、Ziaが生成する機能で、データに関連付けられた最近のやりとりを簡潔にまとめて提供します。 メール、通話、ミーティング、メモなどを1つの明確な要約にまとめ、重要なポイント、過去の話し合いの要点、結果、次のステップを表示することで、日常的な課題に対処します。 Ziaの強みは、単なる要約にとどまらず、内容の解釈も行える点です。やりとりの要約では、顧客との会話に潜む遅延、フォローアップ漏れ、約束、期限、感情、意図を特定します。

    • Recent post analytics not very useful

      Hi, I'm enjoying some aspects of the Zoho Social. like being able to schedule posts to multiple channels. However, the recent posts analytics is disappointing. For example, I put up a reel on Instagram and Facebook yesterday. Instagram insights shows

    • What happens to the files created by user, whose account is deleted.

      Hello, I created a folder in the My folders names "Quote" I shared the same with my colleague. She created some files and folders in that folder over the period of 1 and half year. Now she left company, and I deleted her account from Zoho. What happens

    • Internal Error When Accessing Team Inbox.

      All our users are seeing this error in teaminbox. Because its a critical tool kindly resolve this issue ASAP.

    • Sharing URLs and direct access

      Hello, I am storing my team's email signature images on Workdrive. I am creating a public image download share and adding “?directDownload=true” so that the image can be accessed without the Workdrive interface. A few questions: 1) Can we generate friendly

    • Zoho Mail Android app update: Calendar enhancements

      Hello everyone! In the most recent version of the Zoho Mail Android app update, we have introduced various new enhancements for the calendar module. Let's explore what's new. Drag and drop events to update the date and time We have enhanced the calendar

    • Enhance Delay Configuration in Zoho Flow

      Dear Zoho Flow Support Team, We are writing to request an improvement to the delay configuration process within Zoho Flow. Currently, users are required to manually enter the exact delay duration (e.g., "2 days") in the delay block. This can be time-consuming

    • Contratação ProdutivosX

      Bem-vindo(a) ao processo de contratação da ProdutivosX. Este formulário tem como objetivo coletar informações essenciais para análise de perfil profissional, alinhamento de competências e possível integração ao equipamento ProdutivosX. A ProdutivosX é

    • Enhance Sign CRM integration

      Hello all, I'm working on a custom Deluge script to enhance the integration between Zoho CRM and Sign by using a writer merge template for additional flexibility. I want to replicate the post-sign document integration that exists between CRM and Sign

    • Unified WhatsApp Number Management in Zoho Desk and SalesIQ

      Dear Zoho Desk Support Team, We are currently utilizing both Zoho Desk and Zoho SalesIQ for our customer support operations. While both platforms offer WhatsApp integration, we are facing challenges due to the requirement of separate WhatsApp numbers

    • Plug Sample #15 - Enable Human-Like, Contextual Interactions in SalesIQ with Zia Agents

      Zia Agents are conversational AI assistants designed to understand user intent and respond intelligently, helping businesses automate conversations and offer personalized support at scale. While Zia Agents are yet to be publicly released, access is currently

    • Best way to schedule bill payments to vendors

      I've integrated Forte so that I can convert POs to bills and make payments to my vendors all through Books. Is there a way to schedule the bill payments as some of my vendors are net 30, net 60 and even net 90 days. If I can't get this to work, I'll have

    • Seamless Round-Trip Navigation for Related Blocks (Detail View)

      As highlighted previously in this post (and here, here, here, and here), we still lack a fundamental capability for seamless navigation in Related Blocks. The popup that appears when adding a related record doesn't exist for viewing/editing existing records,

    • Social Profile Logo Format

      Hello, I'm using Zoho Sites and am attempting to add a couple of social media accounts to my profile that aren't included in the default platforms that are available. What format is the logo required to be in? I have tried .png and .jpg with no success.

    • How to create Sepa Direct Debit XML file: solution and code

      Even though Books provides a payment integration for Stripe and Gocardless (in Europe) there are customers that want to use the Sepa services of their own bank. Mainly because Stripe and Gocardless are quite expensive. In that case they would need a Sepa

    • Traditional Spreadsheet vs Zoho Tables

      Hello everyone, This article explains the differences between Spreadsheet applications and no-code databases, such as Zoho Tables. While both tools belong to the "grid" family, the core difference lies in their purpose. A spreadsheet (such as Zoho Sheet,

    • RFQ MODEL

      A Request for quotation model is used for Purchase Inquiries to multiple vendors. The Item is Created and then selected to send it to various vendors , once the Prices are received , a comparative chart is made for the user. this will help Zoho books

    • Delegate Access - Mobile iOS/iPad

      We’re over the moon that delegate access is now available in Zoho Mail as we were nearly ready to switch platforms because of it! Is there a timeline on when delegate mailboxes will be accessible from the iOS and iPad OS applications? Thanks, Jake

    • Request For Quotation (RFQ) module

      Hello, Do you have any plans to implement a RFQ module in to ZOHO Inventory? I would like to chose items that I require a price for, select a number of different suppliers to e-mail and have them submit there pricing online. I would then like to see a

    • Support for Developing Zoho Recruit Extensions via Zoho Sigma

      Hi, I’m interested in building an extension for Zoho Recruit using Zoho Sigma. However, when I navigate to Sigma and attempt to create a new extension (via the "New Extension" option), Zoho Recruit does not appear as a listed service—only options like

    • FOLDER DISAPPEARED

      Hello Zoho Community. I recently found a problem with no explanation: a folder in Zoho Analytics just disappeared, but the tables and SQL sentences still existed, the folder was not deleted. The solution for me in this case was to create a new folder,

    • How to create estimates/Invoices with sub-totals

      Every other accounting package can create estimates and invoices with Sub-totals. How can I do that in ZohoBooks?

    • Deluge scripts

      Why is there not a search function to make it easier to find the script of interest when modifications are required.

    • Social media simplified with Zoho Social: Why should brands have a Threads profile?

      Just over a year ago, Instagram launched Threads, the all new social media app primarily focusing on sharing text online. It was welcomed by people worldwide with more than 10 million users in just seven hours, and it currently has over 175 million active

    • Auto tracking URL generation based on Carrier

      Hi, While creating a shipment order for a package in Zoho Books, I have a requirement that for example, if the carrier is Delhivery and tracking number is 1234, then can automatically the tracking link/URL be generated as www.delhivery.com/1234. Similary,

    • Next Page