Message Handler Custom Function
When data is received from endpoints such as gateways or smart devices in the Zoho IoT application, you can use a message handler to perform additional processing. This includes running complex computations, calling external APIs, and enriching the incoming data. Zoho IoT allows message handlers to be configured at the device model or device instance level, and this is achieved through message handler custom functions.
Message handler custom functions must be written using the Deluge scripting language.
This document describes the steps to create one, how to associate it with a device model or a device, and an example script demonstrating its use.
Creating a Message Handler Custom Function
To create a message handler custom function,
- Access the custom functions list view page.
- Click Add Custom Function.
- Select Message Handler in the Category field.
- Provide the required values in the appropriate fields.
Example -Language : DelugeModel/Module: Home Gateway (Select the model on which the device, asset, or location is to based on)Display Name: Temperature Delta (Provide a name of your choice)Function Name: temperature_delta(Provide a name of your choice)Description: A message handler that appends outside temperature and the difference compared to internal temperature to the payload.State Memory: OFF
Learn more about each field required in configuring message handler custom function. - Click Save. This will open the Code Editor.
- Provide the required code.
- Click Save and Close.
Configuring Message Handler Custom Function fields
Details about each field required to be configured while adding a message handler custom function.
Language: Deluge is the supported language for writing message handler custom function.
Module/Model: The model/module to which the message handler applies is selected in this field. This associates the message handler with all device instances created based on the model. Alternatively, you can create a message handler specific to an individual device instance. Click here to learn more.
State Memory: Enabling state memory provides a dedicated space for the device to store and retrieve contextual data between successive messages. This enhances the functionality of your message handler by allowing it to retain and utilize context across multiple messages from the same device.
For example, consider an energy meter sending periodic usage data. With state memory enabled, the system can store the cumulative energy consumption for the month. When a new reading is received, the message handler adds this value to the stored total, updating the monthly consumption. This approach enables real-time tracking of total energy usage for the month.
Reset State Memory: When state memory is enabled, you also have the option to reset the stored value if the message handler function encounters a failure. Using the counter example from the State Memory example, this means you can reset and reinitialize the counter if the message handler function does not execute successfully.
Message Handler Custom Function Code Example
Below is an example of a custom function used in a message handler. When temperature data is received from an AM103 device, the function calls a weather API to retrieve the external temperature, calculates the difference between the room and outdoor temperatures, and appends this value to the incoming JSON payload.
headerMap = header.toMap();deviceId = headerMap.get("deviceid");topic = headerMap.get("topic");communication_status_flag = headerMap.get("data_internal");if(topic == "telemetry" && communication_status_flag == false){payload = message.toMap();if(payload.containsKey("data")){deviceMessage = payload.get("data");}else{deviceMessage = payload;}roomTemp = deviceMessage.get("temperature");if(roomTemp != null){/* Call external Weather API */weatherResponse = invokeurl[type : GET];info weatherResponse;weatherMap = weatherResponse.toMap();outdoorTemp = weatherMap.get("current_weather").get("temperature");/* Calculate temperature difference */tempDifference = roomTemp - outdoorTemp;/* Append new value to payload */deviceMessage.put("outdoor_temperature", outdoorTemp);deviceMessage.put("temperature_difference", tempDifference);}}else{deviceMessage = Map();deviceMessage.put("header", headerMap);}return deviceMessage;
Input Payload for message handler custom function:
{
"temperature" : 27
}
Output Payload by message handler custom function:
{
"temperature_difference": 3.1,
"temperature": 27,
"outdoor_temperature": 23.9
}
Associating to a device/device model
Once the message handler custom function is created, it becomes available for the device model and the instances created from it. You can associate the function at the model level to apply it to all device instances, or assign it to a specific device instance as required.
Associating the custom function to a device model
In the developer application,
- Access the Developer Application.
- In the Models tab, select Devices in the left pane.
- Click on the device model for which you created the message handler custom function. For this illustration, Home Gateway device model is selected.
- Scroll down in the templates section and click on the Message Handler option.
- Click Configure Message Handler.
- Click Choose Custom Function.
- Select the required custom function and click Associate.
- Click Save.
- Click Update in the confirmation dialog box.
The message handler custom function is now associated with the device model and is enabled for all device instances created from this model.
Associating the custom function to a specific device instance
In the end application,
- Go to Devices > Devices.
- Click the device instance to which you want to associate the message handler custom function. For this illustration, Arduino Home GW device is selected.
- Select Actions > Message Formatter and Handler.
- Click Edit Message Handler.
- Toggle to Instance to associate the message handler only with this device instance.Note: Toggle to Model to associate the message handler with this device instance and all other instances of the same model.
- Click Choose Custom Function.
- Select the required message handler custom function and click Associate.
- Click Save.
- Click Update in the confirmation dialog box.
The message handler custom function is now associated with the selected device instance.
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