Mathematical
LOG
Returns the logarithm of a number to the given base. Syntax LOG(number; [base]) number: The positive real number that you want to calculate the logarithm of. Eg., 50 base: The base of the logarithm. Defaults to 10 if omitted. Eg., 2 Examples ...LN
Returns the natural logarithm, i.e. the logarithm to base e of number. The mathematical constant e is approximately 2.71828182845904 . Syntax LN(number) number: The positive real number whose natural logarithm you want to calculate. Eg., 10 ...LCM
Returns the least common multiple of one or more given integers. The least common multiple is the smallest positive integer that is a multiple of all the given integers. Syntax LCM(integer; [integer1; ...]) integer: Integers or range of integers ...INT
Rounds a number down to the nearest integer. Syntax INT(number) number: The number you want to round down. Eg., 2.3 Examples Formula Result =INT(2.3) 2 =INT(4.66) 4 =INT(-11.2) -12 Get a hands-on experience of the function in the embedded ...GESTEP
Returns 1 if a number is greater than or equal to the given step_number, and 0 otherwise. Syntax GESTEP(number; [step_number]) number: The number to compare. Eg., 21 step_number: The number to compare the given number with. Defaults to 0 if ...GCD
Returns the greatest common divisor of two or more integers. The greatest common divisor (or highest common factor) is the largest positive integer that will divide, without remainder, each of the given integers. Syntax GCD(integer; [integer1; ...FLOOR
Rounds down a given number to a multiple of another number. Syntax FLOOR(number; mult; [mode]) number: The number to round down. Eg., 11.3 mult: The multiple of which to round down the number. This value must be positive. Eg., 2 mode: Mode is ...FACTDOUBLE
Returns the double factorial of a number (i.e. number!!). Double factorial of zero returns 1 by definition. For even numbers, FACTDOUBLE(number) returns: 2*4*6*8* ... *number For odd numbers, FACTDOUBLE(number) returns: 1*3*5*7* ... *number Syntax ...FACT
Returns the factorial of a number (i.e. number!). The factorial of the number is calculated as 1*2*3*4* ... * number. The factorial of zero returns 1 by definition. Syntax FACT(number) number: The number whose factorial value you want to ...EXP
Returns the mathematical constant e (~2.7182) raised to the power of a given number, i.e., e number . Syntax EXP(number) number: The exponent to which you want to raise e to. Eg., 1 Examples Formula Result =EXP(1) 2.718281828 =EXP(3.6) ...EVEN
Rounds up a given number to the next even integer, away from zero. Syntax EVEN(number) number: The number you want to round up to the next even integer. Eg., 2.33 Remarks The EVEN function rounds up the given number away from zero, irrespective ...ERFC
Calculates the complementary Gauss error function between the given number and infinity. Syntax ERFC(number) number: The number whose complementary error function you want to calculate. Eg., 0.43 Examples Formula Result =ERFC(0.43) ...ERF
Calculates the Gauss error function between two given numbers. Syntax ERF(number1; [number2]) number1: The first number or the lower limit given as input. Eg., -2.3 number2: The second number or the upper limit given as input. Defaults to zero if ...DELTA
Returns 1 if the two given numbers are equal, and 0 otherwise. It is also known as the Kronecker delta function. Syntax DELTA(number1; [number2]) number1: The first number given as input. Eg., 2 number2: The second number given as input. Defaults ...DEGREES
Converts the given angle from radians into degrees. Syntax DEGREES(radians) radians: The angle in radians you want to convert into degrees. Eg., 2 Examples Formula Result =DEGREES(Pi()) 180 =DEGREES(2) 114.591559026 =DEGREES(-Pi()) -180 Get ...COUNTIFS
Counts the number of times all the given criteria are met in the given cell ranges. Syntax COUNTIFS(test_range; condition; [test_range1]; [condition1]; ...) test_range: The ranges you want to test for the given criteria. Eg., B2:B8 condition: The ...COUNTIF
Counts the number of cells in a range that meet a specified condition. Syntax COUNTIF(test_range; condition) test_range: The range in which you want to count the number of non-empty cells based on the given condition. Eg., A2:A8 condition: The ...COUNTBLANK
Returns the number of empty cells in a given range. A cell that contains blank text (such as spaces) or text with zero length (such as that returned by ="") is not considered empty, although it may appear so. Syntax COUNTBLANK(range) range: The ...COTH
Returns the hyperbolic cotangent of the given number. Syntax COTH(number) number: The number whose hyperbolic cotangent you want to calculate. Eg., 0.3 Examples Formula Result =COTH(0.3) 3.43273843 =COTH(-0.9) -1.396067253 =COTH(1/2) ...COT
Returns the cotangent of the angle given in radians. Syntax COT(angle) angle: The angle in radians whose cotangent you want to calculate. Eg., 0.3 Remarks If the input angle is in degrees, multiply the it by PI()/180 to get the value in ...COSH
Returns the hyperbolic cosine of the given number. Syntax COSH(number) number: The number whose hyperbolic cosine you want to calculate. Eg., 0.3 Examples Formula Result =COSH(0.3) 1.045338514 =COSH(-0.9) 1.433086385 =COSH(1/2) 1.127625965 ...COS
Returns the cosine of the angle given in radians. Syntax COS(angle) angle: The angle in radians whose cosine you want to calculate. Eg., 0.3 Remarks If the input angle is in degrees, multiply the it by PI()/180 to get the value in radians. ...CONVERT
Converts the given number from one measurement unit to another. Syntax CONVERT(number; "original_units"; "new_units") number: The number you want to convert. Eg., 1 original_units: The measurement unit from which you want to convert. Eg., "m" ...COMBINA
R eturns the number of possible combinations within a given set of items, with repetitions included. For example, in a set of 3 items A, B, C, if 2 are chosen, the combinations can be AB, AA, AC, BB, BC and CC, so it returns 6 a s the result. ...COMBIN
Returns the number of possible combinations within a given set of items, excluding repetitions. For example, in a set of 3 items A, B, C, if 2 are chosen, the combinations can be AB, AC, and BC, so it returns 3 as the result. Syntax COMBIN(n; k) n: ...CEILING
Returns a number rounded up to a multiple of another given number. Syntax CEILING(number; mult; [mode]) number: The number to be rounded up. Eg., -4.37 mult: The multiple to which you want to round the given number. Eg., 2 mode: Mode is used when ...BESSELY
Calculates the Bessel function of the second kind (the Neumann or Weber function). Syntax BESSELY(x; n) x: The value at which you want to evaluate the function. Must be greater than 0. Eg., 4 n: The order of the Bessel function. Must be greater ...BESSELK
Calculates the modified Bessel function of the second kind, which is evaluated for purely imaginary arguments. Syntax BESSELK(x; n) x: The value a t which you want to evaluate the function. Must be greater than 0. Eg., 5 n: The order of the ...BESSELJ
Evaluates and returns the result for the Bessel function. Syntax BESSELJ(x; n) x: The value a t which you want to evaluate the function. Eg., 2.5 n: The order of the Bessel function. Must be greater than 0. Eg., 1 Examples Formula Result ...BESSELI
Calculates the modified Bessel function of the first kind, which is evaluated for purely imaginary arguments. Syntax BESSELI(x; n) x: The value a t which you want to evaluate the function. Eg., 2.5 n: The order of the Bessel function. Must be ...ATANH
Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number. Syntax ATANH(number) number: The number whose inverse hyperbolic tangent you want to calculate. It must be between -1 and 1. Examples Formula Result =ATANH(-0.3) -0.309519604 =ATANH(0.9) ...ATAN2
Returns the inverse tangent (the a rctangent) for specified x- and y-coordinates as an angle in radians between -pi and pi, excluding -pi. This equals the angle between the x-axis and a line from the origin (0,0) to the given point (x_coord, ...ATAN
Returns the inverse tangent (the a rctangent) of a number. The output is a value between -pi/2 and +pi/2. Syntax ATAN(number) number: The number (tan value) whose inverse tan you want to calculate. Eg., -2 Remarks To return the angle in degrees, ...ASINH
Returns the inverse hyperbolic s ine of a number. The output is a value in radians. Syntax ASINH(number) number: The number whose inverse hyperbolic sine you want to calculate. Eg., 3 Examples Formula Result =ASINH(-0.5) -0.481211825 ...ASIN
Returns the inverse s ine ( a rcsine) of a number, in radians, between -pi/2 and +pi/2. Syntax ASIN(number) number: The number (sine value) whose inverse s ine you want to calculate. It must be between -1 and 1, inclusive. Eg., 0.5 Remarks To ...ACOTH
Returns the inverse hyperbolic cotangent of a number. The output is a value in radians. Syntax ACOTH(number) number: The value whose inverse hyperbolic cotangent you want to calculate. The number cannot be between -1 and 1, inclusive. Eg., -2 ...ACOT
Returns the inverse cotangent (arc cotangent) of a number. The output is a value in radians between 0 and pi. Syntax ACOT(number) number: The (cotangent) value whose inverse cotangent you want to calculate. Eg., -1.3 Remarks To return the angle ...ACOSH
Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number. The output is a value in radians. Syntax ACOSH(number) number: The value whose inverse hyperbolic cosine you want to calculate. It must be greater than or equal to 1. Eg., 6.8 Examples Formula ...ACOS
Returns the inverse cosine ( a rccosine) of a number. The output is a value in radians between 0 and pi. Syntax ACOS(number) number: The (cosine) value whose inverse cosine you want to calculate. It must be between -1 and 1, inclusive. Eg., -0.9 ...ABS
Returns the absolute value of a number. The absolute value of any number is its value without the + or - sign. Syntax ABS(number) number: The number whose absolute value you want to calculate. Eg., 1.23 Remarks ABS function supports decimals, ...
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