Field Trackers in Zoho CRM

Field Trackers in Zoho CRM

Hey folks! Welcome to a fresh week of Kaizen. 

In this post, we will be looking at the Field Trackers in ZOHO CRM APIs. Currently, this support is provided to all the picklist fields (system-defined and custom) and is available by default for a picklist field (Stage) in the Deals module and a datetime field (Rescheduled_To) in the Appointments module. 

Field Trackers 

Field trackers in ZOHO CRM help you to monitor the changes made to a specific field. It ensures data integrity and compliance as it helps in maintaining the history of changes applied to the critical data. 

It captures the details such as who made the change, when the change occurred, the previous and current values of the field. Users can use this data to analyse how a field's value evolved and identify the important patterns/trends in the business. 

Picklist Field Trackers 

Both system-defined and custom picklist fields support Field Tracker. The history details of the field will be available in a related list with five default fields - picklist values, duration, modified time, modified by, and moved to.

To enable this support for a picklist, follow these steps. 
  • Go to Setup > Customization > Modules and Fields in your ZOHO CRM account. 
  • Select your desired module in which you want to create a picklist field tracker. 
  • Select the settings icon (...) of the required picklist field and click Edit Properties.
  • In the Picklist properties page, select the Enable history tracking for picklist values checkbox.
Refer to this help guide to learn more about picklist trackers and how to add additional fields that you want to view in the picklist history related list. At most, only one picklist field can be tracked within a module.

Consider you are a Manager and you have enabled field tracking for the Lead Status picklist field within the Leads module to trace the timeline of your leads' status changes. Now, take the following steps to obtain the picklist history details:

STEP 1: Make a GET Fields Metadata API call to the Leads module.  
STEP 2: In the response, check for the history_tracking key in the Lead Status field. 



In the history_tracking key, 
  • the module key, provides both the api_name and id of the new module responsible for tracking picklist history details. As a result, it naturally establishes a relationship with the Leads module, and it will be accessible as a new related list within the same module.  
  •  the duration_configured_field key provides the field api_name and id of the key which contains the duration of the picklist values in that picklist tracking module. 
STEP 3: With the api_name of new picklist tracking module, you can fetch the history details in two ways. 

(i) Fetching picklist changes of all the leads records from that new module

As we already know that picklist tracking details are maintained in a new module, make a GET Records API call with the following details. 

Replace the module_api_name with the api_name of the picklist tracking module(Lead_Status_History), which is obtained from the fields metadata of the Leads module.

Request URL: {api-domain}/crm/{version}/{module_api_name} 
For our case, it will be provided as https://www.zohoapis.com/crm/v5/Lead_Status_History. 
Request Method: GET
Possible Parameters: fields, page, per_page, sort_by and sort_order.
For our case, make a GET Fields Metadata API call to the related list (Lead_Status_History). The response will give you the list of fields available in the related list. 
Scope: ZohoCRM.modules.ALL (or) ZohoCRM.modules.{module_name}.READ 
Sample Response:



To fetch individual history records, use this {api-domain}/crm/{version}/{module_api_name}/{record_id} request url and replace the record_id with the id fetched in this response.

(ii) Fetching the history details of a particular lead

This approach fetches the related list data of a particular record in a module (here it is Leads). 
Make a GET Related Records Data API call with these details. 

Request URL: {api-domain}/crm/{version}/{module_api_name}/{record_id}/{related_list_api_name}
For our case, it will be given as https://www.zohoapis.com/crm/v5/Leads/5545974000004023008/Lead_Status_History.
Request Method: GET
Possible Parameters: fields, page, per_page, sort_by and sort_order.
Scope: ZohoCRM.modules.ALL (or) ZohoCRM.modules.{module_name}.READ 
Sample Response:



To fetch individual history records, use this {api-domain}/crm/{version}/{module_api_name}/{record_id}/{related_list_api_name}/{related_record_id} request url and replace the related_record_id  with the id fetched in this response.

Stage History

In the Deals module, a picklist field called Stage acts as a default field tracker. The history details of this picklist are recorded in a new module called DealHistory. In this module, there are four default fields followed from the Deals module which cannot be unfollowed. They are Expected Revenue, Amount, Probability and Closing date. You can add additional fields from the Deals module to this list based on your requirement. 

The module's relationship with the Deals module identifies it as a related list within the Deals module as Stage History.  You can retrieve the history details of this default picklist field tracker in those aforementioned two ways. 

Let us show you a sample of each way for better understanding.

(i) Fetching picklist changes of all the deals records from DealHistory

Make a GET Records API call to the DealHistory module with the following details.

Request URL: {api-domain}/crm/{version}/Stage_History or {api-domain}/crm/{version}/DealHistory/{record_id} 
Request Method: GET
Possible Parameters: fields, page, per_page, sort_by and sort_order.
Make a GET Fields Metadata API call to DealHistory to get the list of fields. 
Scope: ZohoCRM.modules.ALL (or) ZohoCRM.modules.DealHistory.READ
Sample Response:


(ii) Fetching the history details of a particular deal

Make a GET Related Records Data API call with these details. 

Request URL: {api-domain}/crm/{version}/Deals/{record_id}/Stage_History or {api-domain}/crm/{version}/Deals/{record_id}/Stage_History/{related_record_id}
Request Method: GET
Possible Parameters: fields, page, per_page, sort_by and sort_order.
Scope: ZohoCRM.modules.ALL (or) ZohoCRM.modules.Deals.READ
Sample Response:


Appointments' Rescheduled History

In the Appointments module, a datetime field named Rescheduled_To acts as a default field tracker. The history details of this particular field are stored in a separate module with the API Name Appointments_Rescheduled_History__s. It is also accessible as a related list under the Appointments module with the same module API name as the related lists API name. Only the recent 20 rescheduled data of an appointment will be available in this tracker module.  

This module has six default fields - Appointment_Name, Rescheduled_Time, Rescheduled_By, Rescheduled_From, Rescheduled_To, Reschedule_Note and Reschedule_Reason. You cannot remove the existing fields or add new fields to this module. The lookup field with display label Appointment Name and API name Appointment_Name points to the corresponding appointment to which the history data belongs. 

Apart from fetching the rescheduled history data, Zoho CRM also helps you to CREATE, UPDATE and DELETE the history records for this field. This helps you to synchronise the rescheduled history when importing the Appointments records from a third party application. 

Let us look into a few scenarios in which the use of each of the Appointments Rescheduled History CRUD operations.  

Scenario 1  

As a Manager, you might want to retrieve all the rescheduled appointment history data to determine the most common reasons for rescheduling. 

Use the GET Appointments Rescheduled History API with the following details. 

Request URL: {api-domain}/crm/{version}/Appointments_Rescheduled_History__s (or)
{api-domain}/crm/{version}/Appointments__s/{appointment_id}/Appointments_Rescheduled_History__s
Request Method: GET
Scope: ZohoCRM.modules.appointments_rescheduled_history.READ
Possible Parameters: fields, page, per_page, sort_by and sort_order
Sample Response:



The '204 - No Content' response will be thrown if the reschedule count of the specific appointment is 1. This response will not include the current appointment time, which is the last rescheduling of the appointment. You can retrieve it only using the GET Appointments API.  

Scenario 2

For instance, you are using a third party application for booking appointments and have decided to move to ZOHO CRM. But, losing the rescheduled history data for "not completed" appointments can be a major concern. In such a scenario, you can seamlessly transfer and incorporate the rescheduled data for these appointments with the help of Add Appointments Rescheduled History API

In this context, we are just adding new records of rescheduled data to the tracking module(Appointments_Rescheduled_History__s), which records the details of the Rescheduled_To field. Given that Appointments_Rescheduled_History__s is a module, it also allows us to execute UPDATE and DELETE operations, as elaborated in the forthcoming scenarios.

Following are the details of the API:

Request URL: {api-domain}/crm/{version}/Appointments_Rescheduled_History__s
Request Method: POST
Scope: ZohoCRM.modules.appointments_rescheduled_history.CREATE
Sample Request Body:

{
    "data": [
        {
            "Rescheduled_From": "2023-09-19T15:00:00+05:30",
            "Rescheduled_To": "2023-09-22T10:30:00+05:30",
            "Appointment_Name": {
                "name": "AC Service - Leota Dilliard (Sample)",
                "id": "5545974000004330038"
            },
            "Rescheduled_Time": "2023-09-19T15:30:00+05:30",
            "Rescheduled_By": {
                "name": "Patricia Boyle",
                "id": "5545974000000393001"
            },
            "Reschedule_Note": "Customer unavailable",
            "Reschedule_Reason": "By Customer"
        }
    ]
}

You can add up to 100 records in a single API call, with a limit of 20 rescheduled history records allowed for a single appointment.

Scenario 3

To ensure accuracy and completeness, you may want to update the reason and other details for rescheduling the appointment. At times you would even want to insert additional information to the existing history data. In situations like these, use the Update Appointments Rescheduled History API

Following are the particulars about this API,

Request URL: {api-domain}/crm/{version}/Appointments_Rescheduled_History__s (or) {api-domain}/crm/v5/Appointments_Rescheduled_History__s/{record_id}
Request Method: PUT
Scope: ZohoCRM.modules.appointments_rescheduled_history.UPDATE
Sample Request Body:

{
    "data": [
        {
            "id": "5545974000004365002", 
            "Reschedule_Note": "Team unavailable",
            "Reschedule_Reason": "By Team"
        }
    ]
}

You can update all the POST request JSON keys except the Appointment_Name key. Using this API, you can update a maximum of 100 rescheduled history records per API call. 

Scenario 4

As a Manager, you may want to delete certain history entries that contain sensitive or outdated information to comply with the data privacy regulations. You can use the Delete Appointments Rescheduled History API to remove sensitive/outdated and even duplicate entries. 

Following are the details of this API: 

Request URL: {api-domain}/crm/{version}/Appointments_Rescheduled_History__s/{record_id}
Request Method: DELETE
Scope: ZohoCRM.modules.appointments_rescheduled_history.DELETE
Sample Response:



You can delete only one rescheduled history record per API call. The rescheduled history records of an appointment in the recycle bin will still be available in the related list. To remove them, you have to delete the appointment from the recycle bin. 

We trust you found this post both beneficial and informative!

Your thoughts and perspectives matter to us. If there is a topic you would like us to delve into or if you have any questions, please feel free to drop a comment below or send us an email at support@zohocrm.com.

Stay tuned until we circle back to you on next Friday! 

Cheers!



Previous Post: Kaizen #107 - Functions and Invoke URLs

Head over here to refer to our Kaizen collection on Zoho CRM developer tools. 

    Access your files securely from anywhere







                            Zoho Developer Community





                                                  Use cases

                                                  Make the most of Zoho Desk with the use cases.

                                                   
                                                    

                                                  eBooks

                                                  Download free eBooks and access a range of topics to get deeper insight on successfully using Zoho Desk.

                                                   
                                                    

                                                  Videos

                                                  Watch comprehensive videos on features and other important topics that will help you master Zoho Desk.

                                                   
                                                    

                                                  Webinar

                                                  Sign up for our webinars and learn the Zoho Desk basics, from customization to automation and more

                                                   
                                                    
                                                  • Desk Community Learning Series


                                                  • Meetups


                                                  • Ask the Experts


                                                  • Kbase


                                                  • Resources


                                                  • Glossary


                                                  • Desk Marketplace


                                                  • MVP Corner




                                                            • Sticky Posts

                                                            • Kaizen #197: Frequently Asked Questions on GraphQL APIs

                                                              🎊 Nearing 200th Kaizen Post – We want to hear from you! Do you have any questions, suggestions, or topics you would like us to cover in future posts? Your insights and suggestions help us shape future content and make this series better for everyone.
                                                            • Kaizen #198: Using Client Script for Custom Validation in Blueprint

                                                              Nearing 200th Kaizen Post – 1 More to the Big Two-Oh-Oh! Do you have any questions, suggestions, or topics you would like us to cover in future posts? Your insights and suggestions help us shape future content and make this series better for everyone.
                                                            • Celebrating 200 posts of Kaizen! Share your ideas for the milestone post

                                                              Hello Developers, We launched the Kaizen series in 2019 to share helpful content to support your Zoho CRM development journey. Staying true to its spirit—Kaizen Series: Continuous Improvement for Developer Experience—we've shared everything from FAQs
                                                            • Kaizen #193: Creating different fields in Zoho CRM through API

                                                              🎊 Nearing 200th Kaizen Post – We want to hear from you! Do you have any questions, suggestions, or topics you would like us to cover in future posts? Your insights and suggestions help us shape future content and make this series better for everyone.
                                                            • Client Script | Update - Introducing Commands in Client Script!

                                                              Have you ever wished you could trigger Client Script from contexts other than just the supported pages and events? Have you ever wanted to leverage the advantage of Client Script at your finger tip? Discover the power of Client Script - Commands! Commands


                                                            Manage your brands on social media



                                                                  Zoho TeamInbox Resources



                                                                      Zoho CRM Plus Resources

                                                                        Zoho Books Resources


                                                                          Zoho Subscriptions Resources

                                                                            Zoho Projects Resources


                                                                              Zoho Sprints Resources


                                                                                Qntrl Resources


                                                                                  Zoho Creator Resources



                                                                                      Zoho CRM Resources

                                                                                      • CRM Community Learning Series

                                                                                        CRM Community Learning Series


                                                                                      • Kaizen

                                                                                        Kaizen

                                                                                      • Functions

                                                                                        Functions

                                                                                      • Meetups

                                                                                        Meetups

                                                                                      • Kbase

                                                                                        Kbase

                                                                                      • Resources

                                                                                        Resources

                                                                                      • Digest

                                                                                        Digest

                                                                                      • CRM Marketplace

                                                                                        CRM Marketplace

                                                                                      • MVP Corner

                                                                                        MVP Corner







                                                                                          Design. Discuss. Deliver.

                                                                                          Create visually engaging stories with Zoho Show.

                                                                                          Get Started Now


                                                                                            Zoho Show Resources


                                                                                              Zoho Writer Writer

                                                                                              Get Started. Write Away!

                                                                                              Writer is a powerful online word processor, designed for collaborative work.

                                                                                                Zoho CRM コンテンツ








                                                                                                  Nederlandse Hulpbronnen


                                                                                                      ご検討中の方




                                                                                                            • Recent Topics

                                                                                                            • Quickbooks invoice with Zoho Creator

                                                                                                              Is it possible to push data from Zoho Creator directly to an invoice on QuickBooks? If so, where can I find information on how to do this?
                                                                                                            • Help: Capture full page URL in hidden field when same Zoho Form is embedded on multiple pages (iframe)

                                                                                                              Hi all, Goal Use one Zoho Form across multiple pages and record the exact page URL (incl. subdomain + path + hash) where the user submitted it. Example pages: https://www.example.com/cargo/ https://www.example.com/cargo/containers/#contact https://cargo.example.com/auto/
                                                                                                            • Automatically Populate fields - HELP!

                                                                                                              There have been many discussions on this but I still can't seem to get it to work for me. I am trying to create a lookup field and have other fields automatically populate. Based on the instructions in the Help Center, I should be using the "on user input". It's just not working, here is the layout...   Both forms are in the same application. Current form is called Add Note, form to fetch records from is called Add Client. Lookup field is called Select_Client_ID related field in fetch form is called
                                                                                                            • Push notifications to portal users

                                                                                                              Hi all, it is possible to send push notifications to portal users?
                                                                                                            • Rename the attachment from record template pdf in the sendmail deluge script

                                                                                                              Hello Zoho, I urgently need a feature to rename record templates that I send via the sendmail feature. The program I created sends emails to clients with an invoices that have been created in the invoice database. If the user selects 3 invoice numbers,
                                                                                                            • Alt Text On Multiple Images

                                                                                                              I'm using Zoho Social to post to a charity website. Often the posts have multiple images, but it seems there is only one field for Alt Text. Does that mean I can only include it for the first image? Or is there a way to add alt text for all the imag
                                                                                                            • [SOLVED] Getting 401 when trying to download ticket attachment via API

                                                                                                              I'm able to use the API just fine to access ticket content. But I cannot download ticket attachment, keep getting 401 Client Error. Example: https://desk.zoho.com.au/api/v1/tickets/{ticket_id}/attachments/{attachment_id}/content?orgId={org_id} For headers,
                                                                                                            • Zoho project – Workdrive integration.

                                                                                                              Hello everyone, I was wondering something, we did the Zoho projects integration with Zoho Workdrive but nowhere during this integration we could set the location of the folders that would be automatically created in Workdrive. As I understand it, it creates
                                                                                                            • Scriptを埋め込みたくてOn User Inputを探しているのですが・・・

                                                                                                              編集モードで、Scriptを埋め込みたい項目を選択し、「項目のプロパティ」パネルで、その下のほうに「フィールドアクション(Field Actions)」という見出しがあると聞いたのですが、そもそも、それが見つかりません。そのために、On User Inputなどのイベントが選べません。 画面の英語を日本語に訳しているためにわけわからん状態になっているのかも知れませんが、わかる方、いらっしゃいますか?
                                                                                                            • Problem with cloud query exceeded

                                                                                                              When making a call I get this error, It is associated with a function in node that calls external APIs This is the code //tokenConsultar = thisapp.ObtenerToken(); //input.token = tokenConsultar.get("output").toMap().get("token");
                                                                                                            • Showing Total of Funnel Chart Legend (With Values) Items

                                                                                                              Hi, We are using the funnel type chart for displaying our zCRM sales pipeline stages and associated sum of deals in each stage.  We have configured the legend to show the associated value (Deal Amount (Sum)) for each stage adjacent to the legend items (Stages). Is there a way to display the total of the values in the same chart?  For example, at the bottom of the legend or maybe as a #merge placeholder in the legend title?
                                                                                                            • How to Convert VCF Contacts to CSV using Excel

                                                                                                              Many users switch from traditional address books to digital formats like vCard and CSV. These formats allow users to easily manage their contacts. However, a difficulty comes when you need to transfer your contact information to another application or
                                                                                                            • Field authorization for Linking module in Zoho CRM portal

                                                                                                              Hi guys! Currently building a customer portal for one of my clients, and I ran into a bit of a roadblock while using a multi-select lookup field. The issue is that there is no way to hide or define access in the linking module created by this multi-select
                                                                                                            • Kaizen #63 - Layout Rules in Zoho CRM

                                                                                                              Hello and welcome to another week of Kaizen! This week, we will be discussing Layout Rules in Zoho CRM. If you need to modify the layout of a module based on user inputs, or to show or hide sections based on the value of a specific field, we have got
                                                                                                            • Zoho CRM Portals - allow access per account

                                                                                                              Hello all, I am trying to set up a portal for our customer but I seem to be hitting an obstacle and I am not sure if it is my problem or a limitation in the software. So basically the way I understand the portal Contact Email > Each Record or Related
                                                                                                            • Android - Writer não acentua em Português com teclado bluetooth

                                                                                                              Gosto muito do Zoho, tanto o Note quando o Writer. Infelizmente, o Writer sofre de um problema sério: ao usar um teclado bluetooth, forma mais cômoda de lidar com um processador de texto, os acentos (todos!) da Língua Portuguesa não são aceitos. Todos
                                                                                                            • Set File Upload fields as mandatory

                                                                                                              Currently the CRM for some reason lacks the ability to set a file upload field as mandatory So we have an issue We have a requirement that before a Deal stage is set as Deal is Won the member needs to upload a file Now for some weird reason in Zoho I
                                                                                                            • Editing HTML in Zoho CRM Email Template

                                                                                                              I am trying to create a template within the CRM email option, but need to be able to use custom HTML. There does not seem to be a way to do so.
                                                                                                            • Ability to CC on a mass email

                                                                                                              Ability to CC someone on a mass email.
                                                                                                            • How to make attachments mandatory

                                                                                                              I want the user to be unable to mark an opportunity as Closed – Won if it doesn’t have any attachments. I’ve already tried client scripts and functions, but nothing worked.
                                                                                                            • SLA Ticket Report

                                                                                                              From data to decisions: A deep dive into ticketing system reports Service level agreement (SLA) ticket reports in a help desk system are crucial for ensuring that services are delivered according to established commitments. They help maintain accountability
                                                                                                            • Zoho Backstage - PCI Compliance / Web Security

                                                                                                              I have a couple of questions related to Backstage and payment processing.... 1. my purchasing division is not giving approval to use Backstage yet because of some security issues. In order for us to take payments via a payment gateway like Authorize.net
                                                                                                            • Zoho Tables August 2025 Update: Faster and Smoother

                                                                                                              We’ve been working behind the scenes to make Zoho Tables faster, lighter, and more reliable. Here are the highlights: Faster Response Times Optimised the way responses are generated. Reduced memory consumption by 20–25%, leading to smoother performance
                                                                                                            • Video Upload from app says "unsupported aspect ratio" but is verified to be correct.

                                                                                                              I and my social media person are experiencing a problem where Social will not accept video uploads to Instagram. The error we receive is "unsupported aspect ratio" but looking directly at the file in question we see that the width and ratio both match
                                                                                                            • Disposable Email Addresses

                                                                                                              Dear zMail Team, Can you also bring out a few disposable email addresses for each accounts? That way occasional registrations and imminent spam from them can be largely solved right? ---- Deepak Vasudevan http://thamizhththendral.blogspot.com/
                                                                                                            • Zoho sheet - Zoho expense

                                                                                                              I want to schedule to create an expense using Zoho Sheet and flow. That is the EMI that I pay on a particular date to the bank and should be itemised, like principal and interest on the loan. Can someone help me in this regard??
                                                                                                            • Ability to configure a schedule/shift for each user and/or crew in Zoho FSM

                                                                                                              Hello, In our team of Field Agents, we have different shifts. Some field agent always work from 7:00 AM to 4:00 PM while others work the evening shift like 4:00 PM to 11:00 PM. Sometime shift are on weekdays only or on weekend. It would be great to be
                                                                                                            • Free webinar: Streamlining customer service paperwork with the Zoho Sign extension for Zoho Desk

                                                                                                              Hello Everyone! Have you been wondering about bridging the gap between digitised customer service and business paperwork? Join our free webinar to learn how you can do this by connecting Zoho Sign, our digital signature app, with Zoho Desk, our online
                                                                                                            • Zoho Books | Product updates | July 2025

                                                                                                              Hello users, We’ve rolled out new features and enhancements in Zoho Books. From plan-based trials to the option to mark PDF templates as inactive, explore the updates designed to enhance your bookkeeping experience. Introducing Plan Based Trials in Zoho
                                                                                                            • Mail Search should allow grouping by conversation like Gmail.

                                                                                                              Having switched from gmail I have found the search function hard to use. Mostly because mail is not grouped by conversation in search. If I search for a word when looking for a conversation had with someone then sometimes 10 emails will come up from the
                                                                                                            • Improve Zoho Learn updated article notifications

                                                                                                              I noticed today while updating an article, that the notification users get says "[User Name] has published article [Article Name]..." My feedback to the product team is that it would be really helpful for an end user, if the system notification differentiated
                                                                                                            • Safari Support

                                                                                                              Safari, the world's second largest browser, zoho desk does not officially or fully support. That needs to change.
                                                                                                            • Can I get images from an "Image Upload" field in a webhook?

                                                                                                              I want to send images from 2 "image upload" fields via a webhook. Is this possible?
                                                                                                            • Ticket closure notification - all contacts cc'd on email thread

                                                                                                              Hello, If a client sends an email to our service desk and cc's in other people that work at the same company - so that they are in the loop of the service request. When the we close the ticket, only the ticket owner (person who emailed us - which created
                                                                                                            • Inactive account cleanup policy for Zoho Sign

                                                                                                              Zoho Sign reserves the right to delete accounts that are license free and inactive for more than 120 days. The account deletion will be initiated only after the user receives prior email notice about possible data deletion and how to backup the data.
                                                                                                            • Missde API documentation for Sales Receipt

                                                                                                              Hi! I noticed that the Sales Receipt endpoint is not currently listed in your API documentation (https://www.zoho.com/books/api/v3/introduction/). Could you please provide any available temporary documentation for this endpoint, along with a detailed
                                                                                                            • Multi-currency in Zoho CRM Forecast and Reports

                                                                                                              As a company we have branches in 4 different countries with as many different currencies. Our Sales Teams would like to work with their local currency as much as possible. The Forecast module using only 1 currency is practically usable only by the sales
                                                                                                            • How to select from pricebook when creating a salesorder or quote

                                                                                                              I am creating a sales order and when selecting the Products I do not see any where to select from pricebooks. How do i associate this to my orders?
                                                                                                            • Proposal for Creating a Unique "Address" Entity in Zoho FSM

                                                                                                              The "Address" entity is one of the most critical components for a service-oriented company. While homeowners may change and servicing companies may vary, the address itself remains constant. This constancy is essential for subsequent services, as it provides
                                                                                                            • Automatic Matching from Bank Statements / Feeds

                                                                                                              Is it possible to have transactions from a feed or bank statement automatically match when certain criteria are met? My use case, which is pretty broadly applicable, is e-commerce transactions for merchant services accounts (clearing accounts). In these
                                                                                                            • Next Page