Kaizen #81 - COQL API - Part II
Hello everyone!
Welcome to another week of Kaizen!
In continuation to last week's post on COQL API, we will discuss the rest of the field types and their supported operators with detailed examples in this post.
Supported field types and Operators
Please refer to the COQL API - Part I Kaizen post for the first three field types and their supported operators.
4) Boolean
The supported operator for Boolean field is =. You should provide the value as either true or false.
Sample Query
{ "select_query" : "select Product_Name, Product_Code from Products where Product_Active = 'false' limit 2" } |
This sample query selects the Product_Name and Product_Code fields from the Products module where Product_Active is false, and limits the result to only 2 records.
Sample Response:
{ "data": [ { "Product_Code": "SR-001", "Product_Name": "Sigma", "id": "4876876000001036109" }, { "Product_Code": "SR-003", "Product_Name": "Alpha", "id": "4876876000001039006" } ], "info": { "count": 2, "more_records": false } } |
what_Id support in COQL
=, !=, in, not in, is null, is not null are the supported operators. what_Id support is extended only to Tasks, Calls and Events. The what_Id field could be a lead or a contact.
Sample Query
{ "select_query": "select 'What_Id->Leads.Last_Name' from Tasks where (('What_Id->Leads.id' in ('4876876000000900134','4876678000000900987')) AND ('What_Id->Leads.Industry' != 'ERP'))" } |
This sample query queries for the last name of leads associated with tasks where the lead ID is either '4876876000000900134' or '4876678000000900987', and the lead's industry is not 'ERP'.
Sample Response:
{ "data": [ { "What_Id->Leads.Last_Name": "Perry", "id": "4876876000001103044" } ], "info": { "count": 1, "more_records": false } } |
Roles and Profiles support in COQL
COQL supports roles and profiles lookup fields, allowing users to retrieve the owner's profile details such as ID, name etc, and the owner's role details using COQL queries. The supported comparators are =, !=, in, not in, is null, is not null.
Sample Query
{ "select_query": "select Owner.role.id,Owner.role.name,Owner.role.reporting_to, Owner.role.share_data_with_peers, Owner.role.description, Owner.profile.id from Leads where Last_Name is not null LIMIT 1" } |
This query fetches the Profile details and Role details of the owner of one record from the Leads module.
Sample Response:
{ "data": [ { "Owner.role.reporting_to": null, "Owner.profile.id": "4876876000000026011", "Owner.role.name": "CEO", "Owner.role.description": "crm.security.role.admin.desc", "Owner.role.share_data_with_peers": true, "Owner.role.id": "4876876000000026005", "id": "4876876000000333403" } ], "info": { "count": 1, "more_records": true } } |
Alias support
Supported operators : =, !=, in, not in, is null, is not null
Alias support in COQL allows users to simplify complex SELECT field names by giving them custom names or aliases. Using aliases in the SELECT column and ORDER BY class can make column names easier to understand and remember. For instance, What_Id->Leads.Last_Name from our previous example can be given an alias in the SELECT query as follows.
Sample Query
{ "select_query": "select 'What_Id->Leads.Last_Name' AS 'Lead Name' from Tasks where (('What_Id->Leads.id' in ('4876876000000900134','4876678000000900987')) AND ('What_Id->Leads.Industry' != 'ERP'))" } |
Sample Response:
{ "data": [ { "id": "4876876000001103044", "Lead Name": "Perry" } ], "info": { "count": 1, "more_records": false } } |
If you compare this response with the sample response in the what_Id section above, you can see that the key 'What_Id->Leads.Last_Name' is replaced with the Alias 'Lead Name' in here.
Aggregate Function Support in COQL
Aggregate functions in COQL allow you to perform calculations on groups of records in a module. The available aggregate functions include SUM, MIN, MAX, AVG, and COUNT.
1. SUM
Use this function to sum up the values of an aggregate field in a module.
Sample Query 1
{ "select_query":"select SUM(Grand_Total) from Quotes WHERE Quote_Stage = 'Draft' " } |
This Query uses the SUM function to calculate the total value of the Grand_Total field for all quotes in the Draft stage in the Quotes module.
Sample Response:
{ "data": [ { "SUM(Grand_Total)": 1073660 } ], "info": { "count": 1, "more_records": false } } |
Sample Query 2
{ "select_query": "select SUM(Grand_Total), Account_Name.Account_Name AS 'Account Name', Billing_Country from Invoices where ((Status != 'Paid') and ((Billing_Country ='USA') OR (Billing_Country = 'Canada'))) GROUP BY Account_Name.Account_Name, Billing_Country ORDER BY 'Account Name' ASC" } |
This query retrieves the total SUM of the Grand_Total field, along with the Account_Name and Billing_Country from the Invoices module for those records whose Status field is not equal to 'Paid' and the Billing_Country field is either 'USA' or 'Canada'. The results are grouped by the Account_Name and Billing_Country fields and ordered in ascending order based on the 'Account Name' field.
Note that the 'Account Name' field is specified using the AS keyword to provide an alias for the Account_Name.Account_Name field. We have used the alias for the ORDER BY clause.
Sample Response:
{ "data": [ { "Account Name": "SR Systems", "Billing_Country": "USA", "SUM(Grand_Total)": 2430000 }, { "Account Name": "SR Systems", "Billing_Country": "Canada", "SUM(Grand_Total)": 60000 }, { "Account Name": "Zylker systems", "Billing_Country": "Canada", "SUM(Grand_Total)": 378000 } ], "info": { "count": 3, "more_records": false } } |
The response JSON contains the SUM of the Grand_Total fields, Account Name and Billing_Country for each unique combination of Account Name and Billing Country fields that satisfies the filter criteria specified in the query.
2. MAX
Use this aggregate function to find the largest value of a field in a module.
Sample Query
{ "select_query": "select MAX(Amount) AS 'Maximum Deal Amount', Account_Name.Account_Name from Deals where ((Stage = 'Closed Won') AND (Type = 'Existing Business')) Group by Account_Name.Account_Name" } |
This Query selects the maximum Deal Amount for each account from the Deals module where the stage is Closed Won and the type is Existing Business.
Sample Response:
{ "data": [ { "Maximum Deal Amount": 6750000, "Account_Name.Account_Name": "Benton" }, { "Maximum Deal Amount": null, "Account_Name.Account_Name": "King" }, { "Maximum Deal Amount": 945000, "Account_Name.Account_Name": "Morlong Associates" } ], "info": { "count": 3, "more_records": false } } |
3. MIN
Use this aggregate function to find the smallest value of a field in a module. For example, you can use this function to find the Lowest Annual Revenue in the Leads module.
Sample Query: 1:
{ "select_query": "select MIN(Annual_Revenue) from Leads where Annual_Revenue is not null" } |
Sample Response:
{ "data": [ { "MIN(Annual_Revenue)": 348.3 } ], "info": { "count": 1, "more_records": false } } |
4. AVG
Use this aggregate function to find the average value of a field in a module.
Sample Query
{ "select_query": "SELECT AVG(Amount) AS 'Average Deal Amount' FROM Deals WHERE Type = 'New Business'" } |
This query calculates the average deal amount for all new business deals in the "Deals" module.
Sample Response:
{ "data": [ { "Average Deal Amount": 877366.8359999999 } ], "info": { "count": 1, "more_records": false } } |
5. COUNT
Use this aggregate function to count the number of records in a module satisfying a certain criteria. You can use this aggregate function only for number, lookup, and picklist fields.
Sample Query:
{ "select_query": "SELECT COUNT(Product_Category) FROM Products WHERE Product_Active = 'false'" } |
This sample query queries for the total number of inactive products in the Product module. Please be aware that if there are any products with no value for the product category field, they will not be included in the count.
Important points to remember
- COQL keywords are not case-sensitive.
- To prevent ambiguity, the criteria listed in the WHERE clause must be properly enclosed in brackets. If WHERE has more than two criteria such as A, B, and C, use them as either of the following:
- (A and (B and C))
- ((A and B) and C)
- A and (B and C)
- (A and B) and C.
- COQL supports only SELECT queries with WHERE, FROM, ORDER BY, LIMIT, and OFFSET clauses and aggregate functions SUM(), MAX(), MIN(), AVG(), and COUNT().
- The default sort order is ascending based on record ID if ORDER BY is not specified.
- Use the following format for :
- Date : YYYY-MM-DD
- DateTime : YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ss+/-HH:mm
- The default value for LIMIT is 200 and OFFSET is 0.
- A maximum of 10,000 records can be fetched using the API.
- Multi-line fields cannot be used in criteria.
- COQL doesn't support consent_lookup, subform, profileimage, multiselectlookup, fileupload datatypes.
- A maximum of 25 criteria can be included in the WHERE clause.
- A maximum of 50 field API names can be used in the SELECT column of the query.
Data Type | Supported Operators |
text | =, !=, like, not like, in, not in, is null, is not null |
picklist | =, !=, like, not like, in, not in, is null, is not null |
ownerlookup | =, !=, in, not in, is null, is not null |
lookup | =, !=, in, not in, is null, is not null |
date | =, !=, >=, >, <=, <, between, not between, in, not in, is null, is not null |
datetime | =, !=, >=, >, <=, <, between, not between, in, not in, is null, is not null |
currency | =, !=, >=, >, <=, <, between, not between, in, not in, is null, is not null |
boolean | = |
email | =, !=, like, not like, in, not in, is null, is not null |
phone | =, !=, like, not like, in, not in, is null, is not null |
website | =, !=, like, not like, in, not in, is null, is not null |
double | =, !=, >=, >, <=, <, between, not between, in, not in, is null, is not null |
bigint | =, !=, >=, >, <=, <, between, not between, in, not in, is null, is not null |
integer | =, !=, >=, >, <=, <, between, not between, in, not in, is null, is not null |
formula | If the return type is: Decimal/Currency/Date/Datetime : =, !=, >=, >, <=, <, between, not between, in, not in, is null, is not null String : =, !=, like, not like, in, not in, is null, is not null Boolean : = |
autonumber | =, !=, like, not like, in, not in, is null, is not null |
We hope you found this post useful. We will meet you next week with another interesting topic.
If you have any questions or feedback, please let us know in the comments below, or write to us at support@zohocrm.com. We would love to hear from you!
Additional Reading:
Access your files securely from anywhere
New to Zoho Recruit?
Zoho Developer Community
New to Zoho LandingPage?
Zoho LandingPage Resources
New to Zoho Survey?
New to Zoho CRM Plus?
Deliver unforgettable customer experiences
New to Zoho CRM Plus?
Deliver unforgettable customer experiences
New to Zoho Marketing Plus?
Everything you need to run your marketing
New to Zoho Marketing Plus?
Everything you need to run your marketing
New to Bigin?
Topic Participants
Anu Abraham
Arose Unity
Haiku Technical Support
Subramanian K
Sticky Posts
Kaizen #217 - Actions APIs : Tasks
Welcome to another week of Kaizen! In last week's post we discussed Email Notifications APIs which act as the link between your Workflow automations and you. We have discussed how Zylker Cloud Services uses Email Notifications API in their custom dashboard.Kaizen #216 - Actions APIs : Email Notifications
Welcome to another week of Kaizen! For the last three weeks, we have been discussing Zylker's workflows. We successfully updated a dormant workflow, built a new one from the ground up and more. But our work is not finished—these automated processes areKaizen #152 - Client Script Support for the new Canvas Record Forms
Hello everyone! Have you ever wanted to trigger actions on click of a canvas button, icon, or text mandatory forms in Create/Edit and Clone Pages? Have you ever wanted to control how elements behave on the new Canvas Record Forms? This can be achievedKaizen #142: How to Navigate to Another Page in Zoho CRM using Client Script
Hello everyone! Welcome back to another exciting Kaizen post. In this post, let us see how you can you navigate to different Pages using Client Script. In this Kaizen post, Need to Navigate to different Pages Client Script ZDKs related to navigation A.Kaizen #210 - Answering your Questions | Event Management System using ZDK CLI
Hello Everyone, Welcome back to yet another post in the Kaizen Series! As you already may know, for the Kaizen #200 milestone, we asked for your feedback and many of you suggested topics for us to discuss. We have been writing on these topics over the
New to Zoho TeamInbox?
Zoho TeamInbox Resources
Zoho CRM Plus Resources
Zoho Books Resources
Zoho Subscriptions Resources
Zoho Projects Resources
Zoho Sprints Resources
Qntrl Resources
Zoho Creator Resources
Zoho CRM Resources
Design. Discuss. Deliver.
Zoho Show Resources
Get Started. Write Away!
Writer is a powerful online word processor, designed for collaborative work.
Zoho CRM コンテンツ
-
オンラインヘルプ
-
Webセミナー
-
機能活用動画
-
よくある質問
-
Ebook
-
-
Zoho Campaigns
- Zoho サービスのWebセミナー
その他のサービス コンテンツ
Nederlandse Hulpbronnen
ご検討中の方
Recent Topics
Whatsapp Integration questions
Hi Questions: 1. Whatsapp messages are not reaching our CRM, is there a delay? 2. Is there any way to create a whatsapp catalog on a number that is integrated with ZOHO? 3. How do I configure my profile picture on a number that is integrated with ZOAllow Font Size 11 in Editors...
That is basic functionality...link mail.zoho.com/UnblockMe to unblock
Could you please unblock my account heloisa.bomfim@expansaodenegocios.comUnblocked me
Please can you help unblocked my account thanks materiauxjcbrunet2000@zohomail.comIntegrating External Portal Tickets Into Zoho Desk
A B2B travel company has a customer portal where clients can raise and submit tickets related to their bookings. These tickets need to be handled and managed in the backend through Zoho Desk. Ticket updates and replies from Zoho Desk should also be visibleMake Camera Overlay & Recording Controls Visible in All Screen-Sharing Options
Hi Zoho WorkDrive Team, Hope you are doing well. We would like to request an improvement to the screen-recording experience in Zoho WorkDrive. Current Limitation: At the moment the recording controls are visible only inside the Zoho WorkDrive tab. WhenSend WhatsApp voice messages from Bigin
Greetings, I hope all of you are doing well. We're happy to announce this enhancement we've made to Bigin. Bigin's WhatsApp integration now supports audio messages, so you can record and send voice messages. This makes it easier to handle customer questionsCUSTOM FUNCTION GIVE ERROR #EVAL!
CUSTEM FUNCTION CREATE KYA ZOHOSHEET ME US FUNCTION KO USE KIYA LEKIN DATA TO SAHI HAI LAKIN DATA SHEET ME NAHI LAG LAHA HAI KRUPYA SOLVE KARE MY CODE IS float ADDTWO_TWO(float NO1, float NO2) { ADD = NO1 + NO2; return ADD; }Samsung Keyboard Issues with Notebook
Dear Users, We're sorry to inform you that some of our users are experiencing certain issues like scrolling, delay/lag, cursor placement especially within the text notes. This occurs mainly due to Samsung Keyboard compatibility with Android 13 and someZoho Books | Product updates | September 2025
Hello users, We’ve rolled out new features and enhancements in Zoho Books. From PayNow payment method to applying journal credits to invoices and bills in other locations, explore the updates designed to enhance your bookkeeping experience. IntegrateZoho Workdrive for Office, "vsto runtime not found"
Hi all, I have been trying to get ZohoWorkdrive_MS-addin_1.4.exe installed, but I keep getting the error "VSTO Runtime Not Found!" - even though I have installed it ... Anyone else hear had problems with the MS addin? FYI, I am using O365 on A Dell laptop running Win 10 Home - fully patched and up-to-date. I have tried compatibility modes and running explicitly as Administrator - the usual steps. Any advice would be appreciated.Can no longer export as pdf
In NOTEBOOK I am no longer able to export notes to pdfs as I used to be able to. When I hit that command it asks where I want to send it, but no matter what I chose there is no pdf attachment that shows up in order to send. Nothing happens.How can I prevent the Zoho Vault extension from automatically logging me out?
Hi, I want the Zoho Vault Chrome extension to never log out. How can I do this? It only allows me to log out for 1 week, and the same applies to the Android app.Zoho CRM App - Links
Hi Is there are plan for making Custom Links available in the Zoho CRM Android App? I can't see them being added? Thanks GeneTemplates
Trying to sort out / get rid of unwanted invoice templates, the error msgs are not at all helpful. Surely it's easy to amend the error msg by including a list of the names of the customers / vendors that use it, denying deletion or making it inactiveContacts limit in basic vs standard - what counts? Are customers contacts?
I’ve been using books for a number years for my small business. I only ever work with 20 clients at any given time. I do purchase services from a number of vendors to run my business, so there are some comtacts there too. I used to use the basic package,Finding missing records
I have a challenge and I am not really sure where to start with it. I can't find any similar threads on here, can anyone help: I have two forms, FormA and FormB. Both forms have records that contain a field called Job_Number. What I am trying to achieveUpdates for Zoho Campaigns: Merge tag, footer, and autoresponder migration
Hello everyone, We'd like to inform you of some upcoming changes with regard to Zoho Campaigns. We understand that change can be difficult, but we're dedicated to ensuring a smooth transition while keeping you all informed and engaged throughout the process.What's New in Zoho Inventory | August – October 2025
Hello customers, The last quarter has been incredibly productive! We've released a powerful slate of new features and enhancements in Zoho Inventory designed to give you better control, greater efficiency, and expanded functionality across your inventoryLet's Talk Recruit: Meet Zia, your all-in-one AI assistant (Part-2)
Welcome back to Let’s Talk Recruit series. In Part 1, we introduced Zia and how AI is reshaping the way recruiters work. This time, we’re taking a closer look at how far Zia has come and how each update continues to simplify your everyday tasks. WhenZoho Developer - Feature Request Platform
Zoho Developer is one of the most underatted platform in zoho ecosystem, however, it may just be what zoho needs to welcome more people to use Zoho Services. The more developers you have creating zoho creator applications and zoho extensions the moreLast/Previous month in relative date filter
In the relative date filter, what is the difference between "Last 2 months" and "Previous 2 months"? So, if we are on 25-July, then is my understanding correct of the following: Last 2 months :=: 25-May~24 July Previous 2 months :=: 01-May~30-June Thanks.Tags get removed from notes on mobile
I don't know why this keeps happening even after all these app updates but if you log out and log back into the app or you reinstall it, all the tags you assigned to your notes get taken off, but if you go on the desktop version the tags are still there.VAT rates - exempt and out of scope
Good Evening, UK based company here. I am a bit confused in respect of setting up VAT rates for exempt goods and services; at present I am simply leaving the VAT rate blank in the transactions in order to prevent any VAT appearing in the VAT return. WhenIntroducing Lead Capture: Empower exhibitors to capture leads effortlessly
Events provide a great opportunity for exhibitors to generate awareness and engage with potential customers. Efficiently distributing attendee information to exhibitors through a seamless and secure way is of paramount importance. Introducing Lead CaptureWork Order Creation Issue
Dear Team, I would like to inquire about the daily limit for Work Order creation in Zoho FSM. Yesterday (02/05/2025) at around 6:30 PM GST, I attempted to create a Work Order, but I have been unable to do so since then. Please find the attached imageConvert invoice from zoho to xml with all details
How to convert an Invoice to XML format with all detailsURGENT: ChatGPT Extension Failing With “gpt-3 Access Error” (Priority Support)
Appreciate support reviewing this urgently. I am a Priority Support member and need immediate clarification on a recurring issue involving the ChatGPT extensions inside Zoho Desk. Both extensions — including the version created and published by Zoho —Zoho Desk iOS update: Custom buttons, follow/ unfollow option on tickets
Hello everyone! In the most recent Zoho Desk iOS app update, we have brought in support to access the custom buttons configured on web app(desk.zoho.com). Using custom buttons you can seamlessly execute predefined actions directly from their mobile devices,Zoho pdf suit
Pl. design products with following feature: 1. Please add all features given in Ilovepdf website to work on pdf files. It is mandatory to use pdf in court work. 2. Courts have prescribed New Times Roman, pl. add this font as well 3. Indexing, signatureZoho Not Working
Today Zoho not wokringDynamically autofill fields with URL parameters
I have a zoho form embedded in my organization's WP website. Our users find their account with a search tool, and then can select to open this page with the embedded form. The URL of the page holds the parameter that I need, but I cannot figure out howIntegrate Projects for Desk KB article release tasks
Could you please look into the possibility of integrating project tasks for Zoho Desk article release processes? We are looking for an internal integration between Zoho Projects and Zoho Desk's KB article drafting, reviewing and releasing tasks. We couldIssue in Annual Leave
We created a policy to credit 21 days at the Start of the Year An employee has taken 16 days of leaves thought the year, so we expect to see 5 Leaves remaining right? But Zoho People is Showing 12 Days of Leave Balance Available If we check the LeaveUse the searchBy parameter to find user by email address
I'm trying to find a user is Zoho Desk via the Api. In the documentation I see that there is the possibility to add a searchBy parameter in the request. But I can't find how the search values should be formatted. I've tried multiple things and get eitherZoho CRM Community Digest - September 2025 | Part 2
Hello Everyone! Mid-September vibes: fresh tips, smart hacks, and practical Zoho CRM updates all in one place. Let’s dive in. Product Updates: The All-New Address Field! The new Address field type makes it easier to capture complete addresses in one structuredZoho Vault API: Create new Secrets
Hello, I attempt to Post Secrets to the vault, since the encrypted entries are almost impossible to decrypt, since there is no documentation on how to decrypt them. Like with the lack of documentation on how to descrypt, there are missing information regarding on how to create new secrets/post secrets. Source: https://www.zoho.com/vault/api/#create-a-new-secret When I try to send JSON Informationen as a POST-Request I only receive the error message: { "operation": { "result": { "error_code": "",CRM and Finance Tab - Add Invoice "Subject " Column
When On a contact in CRM, and you click the Zoho Finace tab, how can I put in the invoice subject line? Or even a custom field for this. We need to see what that invoice is for, without opening it. If we have tons of invoices we need a way to quickCollections Management: #4 Before, During & After Payment Processing
"Mark, I think the payment link isn't working. Can you send it again?" Staring at a message, Mark got on his phone. This was the third time the same customer had asked him that week. A few minutes later, another message came, "Hey, the invoice total seemsAccount name not populating when importing contacts
When importing a csv file to add contacts the account name is blank? Every other filed gets mapped and imported correctly, i.e contact name, phone number. However not the account name which I have mapped to "company" field in my csv fileNext Page