Kaizen #192 - Implementing Custom Token Persistence in Python SDK

Welcome back to another week of Kaizen!

Last week, we discussed how to implement Login with Zoho using OAuth 2.0 and saw how to bring it to life in a real-world application with the Zoho CRM Python SDK. We also discussed how Zylker Academy built a custom student portal powered by Zoho authentication.

In our sample project, we used the file-based persistence method, a simple setup where the access and refresh tokens are stored in a local file. While this method is great for getting started, it might not always fit your business requirements.

That is why our SDKs offer multiple ways to persist your tokens.

This week, we will explore why token persistence matters for your app’s secure operation, and how to implement custom token persistence methods, including a practical example using SQLite.

Why does token persistence matter?

When a user logs in via OAuth, Zoho returns two tokens:

An access token (valid for one hour), used to access Zoho CRM data.
A refresh token, used to get a new access token when the current one expires.

If your app does not store these tokens properly, your users will be forced to log in again every time they make an API call. Or every time their access token gets expired. That is not inconvenient; it is a poor user experience.

When you use Zoho CRM SDKs, this is all handled for you behind the scenes. When you first authenticate with Zoho, the SDK stores your access and refresh tokens. Later, when a token expires, the SDK automatically uses the refresh token to get a new one. All you have to do is configure and initialize the SDK, and you are ready to start making API calls using the different methods offered by our SDKs!

From the user’s perspective, it means:

They do not have to log in every time.
Their sessions are automatically renewed without interruption.
Token revocation can be done centrally.

From a developer’s perspective:

You can control how and where tokens are stored.
You have control to enforce policies like session timeouts or token cleanup.

Supported token persistence options

The Zoho CRM SDKs support three token persistence mechanisms:

File Persistence:

As we have already seen in last week's Kaizen, in this method, the tokens are stored in a local file of your choice. This can be configured while configuring and initializing the SDK. While this is simple and great for internal and local use, it might not always meet the needs of a growing business. For instance, if the file gets deleted or corrupted, you lose the tokens. It also poses a security risk, as storing tokens in files may expose them to unauthorised access if the file is not properly secured.

Database Persistence:

This stores tokens in a MySQL database, making it better suited for production environments. It is more robust and can handle larger-scale user management.

Using this persistence method, you can only provide the following connection parameters - host, DB name, table name, username, password, and port number.

Custom Persistence:

But what if neither of these options fits your needs? Maybe you are working in an environment without traditional storage like AWS's Secret Manager, or you prefer any other Database, or running a microservice in a container where local storage is more practical. That is where Custom Token Persistence comes in.

Custom Token Persistence

Custom persistence means you can implement your own logic for storing and retrieving OAuth tokens, instead of relying on the SDK’s default mechanism. To do this, you should create a class that implements the TokenStore interface and override a standard set of methods, each handling a specific part of the token lifecycle.

Here’s what your custom class must implement:

Method	Purpose	Return Type
find_token(self, token)	Given a token, return a full Token (OAuthToken) object from storage. Used before making any CRM API call.	Token(OAuthToken) object
save_token(self, token)	Called right after Zoho returns a new access/refresh token. Your implementation must persist it.	None
delete_token(self, id)	Delete a specific token using its unique ID.	None
get_tokens(self)	Return all stored tokens.	A list of Token(OAuthToken) objects
delete_tokens()	Delete all stored tokens. Useful during cleanup or logout.	None
find_token_by_id(id)	Retrieve a token by its unique identifier.	Token(OAuthToken) object

The token object is an instance of OAuthToken. The SDK will invoke these methods automatically as part of its flow. You just have to focus on where and how to store the tokens. With this, you can persist tokens to any storage as long as your class handles these methods correctly.

Understanding the token object

Before we dive deeper into custom token persistence, let's clarify what this token (OAuthToken) object is and how you should work with it.

The token object is an instance of OAuthToken. This class bundles all the credentials and details the SDK needs to authenticate your API requests. Here’s what it holds:

access_token
refresh_token
client_id
client_secret
redirect_url
expires_in
user_signature
id
api_domain

Implementing Custom Token Persistence with SQLite

Now that we've covered the basics of token persistence and how Zoho SDK supports custom stores, let’s dive into a practical, real-world example using SQLite as the backend for storing tokens.

SQLite is a lightweight, file-based database engine. It is perfect when you want a persistent store without the complexity of a full database server.

The CustomStoreSQLite Class

This class implements all six required methods of the TokenStore interface using SQLite as the backend.

1. Initialization and Table Setup

When you create a CustomStoreSQLite object, it immediately checks if the token table exists in the SQLite database file zohooauth.db. If the DB or the table is missing, its __init__() method creates one with all the necessary columns to store token details like id, user_name, client_id, client_secret, refresh_token, access_token, grant_token, expiry_time, redirect_url and api_domain.

def __init__(self):

"""

Initializes the SQLite database and sets up the oauthtoken table if needed.

"""

self.db_name = 'zohooauth.db'

if not self.check_table_exists():

connection = sqlite3.connect(self.db_name)

cursor = connection.cursor()

cursor.execute("CREATE TABLE oauthtoken (id varchar(10) NOT NULL,user_name varchar(255), client_id "

"varchar(255), client_secret varchar(255), refresh_token varchar(255), access_token "

"varchar(255), grant_token varchar(255), expiry_time varchar(20), redirect_url varchar("

"255), api_domain varchar(255), primary key (id))")

cursor.close()

This means the first time your app runs, it sets up its own database schema automatically.

2. Saving a Token - save_token(self, token)

Purpose:

This method is called every time Zoho returns a new token, whether after a login or a token refresh. Your implementation is responsible for safely persisting this token, typically by upserting (inserting or updating) a row in your database that uniquely identifies the token’s user and client combination.

Expected behaviour:

The method must store the token in your custom database or storage system.

If a matching token already exists (based on user, refresh token, or client credentials), it should be updated.
If no match exists, a new entry must be created.
Tokens should not be duplicated. Multiple users should be managed separately.

Input Parameters: An instance of Token(OAuthToken) class containing details like access token, refresh token, user signature, client ID/secret, etc.

Return value: None. But must raise exceptions on failure.

Sample Implementation using SQLite:

Here is the logic used in the implementation of save_token() method:

If the user name is available, use it to update the token.
If no user name but the access token is available in the table, update by the access token.
If there is a refresh or grant token with the same client credentials, then update accordingly.
If none of these match, insert as a new row.

def save_token(self, token):

if not isinstance(token, OAuthToken):

return

cursor = None

connection = None

try:

connection = sqlite3.connect(self.db_name)

oauth_token = token

query = "update oauthtoken set "

if oauth_token.get_user_signature() is not None:

name = oauth_token.get_user_signature().get_name()

if name is not None and len(name) > 0:

query = query + self.set_token(oauth_token) + " where user_name='" + name + "'"

elif oauth_token.get_access_token() is not None and len(oauth_token.get_access_token()) > 0 and \

self.are_all_objects_null([oauth_token.get_client_id(), oauth_token.get_client_secret()]):

query = query + self.set_token(

oauth_token) + " where access_token='" + oauth_token.get_access_token() + "'"

elif ((oauth_token.get_refresh_token() is not None and len(oauth_token.get_refresh_token()) > 0) or

(oauth_token.get_grant_token() is not None and len(

oauth_token.get_grant_token()) > 0)) and oauth_token.get_client_id() is not None \

and oauth_token.get_client_secret() is not None:

if oauth_token.get_grant_token() is not None and len(oauth_token.get_grant_token()) > 0:

query = query + self.set_token(

oauth_token) + " where grant_token='" + oauth_token.get_grant_token() + "'"

elif oauth_token.get_refresh_token() is not None and len(oauth_token.get_refresh_token()) > 0:

query = query + self.set_token(

oauth_token) + " where refresh_token='" + oauth_token.get_refresh_token() + "'"

query = query + " limit 1"

try:

cursor = connection.cursor()

cursor.execute(query)

if cursor.rowcount <= 0:

if oauth_token.get_id() is not None or oauth_token.get_user_signature() is not None:

if oauth_token.get_refresh_token() is None and oauth_token.get_grant_token() is None \

and oauth_token.get_access_token() is None:

raise SDKException(Constants.TOKEN_STORE, Constants.GET_TOKEN_DB_ERROR1)

if oauth_token.get_id() is None:

newId = str(self.generate_id())

oauth_token.set_id(newId)

query = "insert into oauthtoken (id,user_name,client_id,client_secret,refresh_token,access_token," \

"grant_token,expiry_time,redirect_url,api_domain) values (?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?);"

val = (token.get_id(),

token.get_user_signature().get_name() if token.get_user_signature() is not None else None,

token.get_client_id(), token.get_client_secret(), token.get_refresh_token(),

token.get_access_token(), token.get_grant_token(), token.get_expires_in(),

token.get_redirect_url(), token.get_api_domain())

cursor.execute(query, val)

except Error as e:

raise e

finally:

connection.commit()

cursor.close() if cursor is not None else None

connection.close() if connection is not None else None

except Exception as ex:

raise SDKException(Constants.TOKEN_STORE, Constants.SAVE_TOKEN_DB_ERROR, cause=ex)

3: Fetching a Token - find_token(self, token)

Purpose:

This is the method the SDK calls whenever it needs to make an API call on behalf of a user, but has only partial token information.

Depending on the token flow - Grant Token, Refresh Token, Access Token, or ID-based - only a specific token or ID may be provided during the API call. In such cases, find_token(self, token) method locates and return the complete OAuthToken object from storage if a matching one exists. If no matching token exists in the storage, this method will return None, and the SDK will proceed to generate a new token with the provided details and save it using the save_token(self, token) method.

Expected behavior:

Based on the available details in the input token (user name, access token, refresh or grant token), this method should query storage and return a complete token object.
If no match is found, it should return None.

Input Parameters: A partially filled Token(OAuthToken) object.

Return value: A fully populated Token object if found, or None.

Sample Implementation using SQLite:

The find_token(self, token) method implementation does the following:

Dynamically builds a WHERE clause based on available attributes.
Queries the database for a matching record.
Fetches the matching record, if any, and populates the Token object with the full set of stored values (access token, refresh token, expiry time, etc.).
Returns the Token object if a matching record is found, or return None.

Without this method, your app wouldn’t know which token to use during API calls. For example, consider the case when a user reopens your app after hours. You have their refresh token stored. The SDK calls find_token(self, token) to get the full token and proceeds without requiring a fresh login.

def find_token(self, token):

cursor = None

connection = None

try:

connection = sqlite3.connect(self.db_name)

if isinstance(token, OAuthToken):

oauth_token = token

query = "select * from oauthtoken"

if oauth_token.get_user_signature() is not None:

name = oauth_token.get_user_signature().get_name()

if name is not None and len(name) > 0:

query = query + " where user_name='" + name + "'"

elif oauth_token.get_access_token() is not None and self.are_all_objects_null(

[oauth_token.get_client_id(), oauth_token.get_client_secret()]):

query = query + " where access_token='" + oauth_token.get_access_token() + "'"

elif oauth_token.get_refresh_token() is not None or oauth_token.get_grant_token() is not None and \

oauth_token.get_client_id() is not None and oauth_token.get_client_secret() is not None:

if oauth_token.get_grant_token() is not None and len(oauth_token.get_grant_token()) > 0:

query = query + " where grant_token='" + oauth_token.get_grant_token() + "'"

elif oauth_token.get_refresh_token() is not None and len(oauth_token.get_refresh_token()) > 0:

query = query + " where refresh_token='" + oauth_token.get_refresh_token() + "'"

query = query + " limit 1"

cursor = connection.cursor()

cursor.execute(query)

result = cursor.fetchone()

if result is None:

return None

self.set_merge_data(oauth_token, result)

except Exception as ex:

raise SDKException(Constants.TOKEN_STORE, Constants.GET_TOKEN_DB_ERROR1, cause=ex)

finally:

cursor.close() if cursor is not None else None

connection.close() if connection is not None else None

return token

4: Deleting a Token - delete_token(self, id)

Purpose:

Delete a specific token record from storage based on a unique token ID. It is commonly used when a user logs out or an admin revokes access for a user.

Expected behaviour:

Locate the token record by its unique ID.
Delete the corresponding record from storage.

Input Parameters: The token ID to be deleted.

Return values: None

Sample Implementation using SQLite:

def delete_token(self, id):

cursor = None

try:

connection = sqlite3.connect(self.db_name)

try:

cursor = connection.cursor()

query = "delete from oauthtoken where id= " + id + ";"

cursor.execute(query)

connection.commit()

except Error as ex:

raise ex

finally:

cursor.close() if cursor is not None else None

connection.close() if connection is not None else None

except Error as ex:

raise SDKException(code=Constants.TOKEN_STORE, message=Constants.DELETE_TOKEN_DB_ERROR, cause=ex)

5: Deleting All Tokens - delete_tokens(self)

Purpose: Delete all tokens from storage, typically used for global logout or cleanup scenarios.

Expected behaviour: Remove all token records from storage in a single operation.

Input Parameters: None

Return Values: None

Sample Implementation using SQLite:

def delete_tokens(self):

cursor = None

try:

connection = sqlite3.connect(self.db_name)

try:

cursor = connection.cursor()

query = "delete from oauthtoken;"

cursor.execute(query)

self.connection.commit()

except Error as ex:

raise ex

finally:

cursor.close() if cursor is not None else None

connection.close() if connection is not None else None

except Error as ex:

raise SDKException(code=Constants.TOKEN_STORE, message=Constants.DELETE_TOKENS_DB_ERROR, cause=ex)

6: Fetch all tokens - get_tokens(self)

Purpose: Retrieve all currently stored tokens.

Expected behaviour:

Query storage for all token records.
Construct and return a list of token objects

Input Parameters: None

Return Value: A list of Token objects representing all stored tokens.

Sample Implementation using SQLite:

def get_tokens(self):

cursor = None

try:

connection = sqlite3.connect(self.db_name)

tokens = []

try:

cursor = connection.cursor()

query = "select * from oauthtoken;"

cursor.execute(query)

results = cursor.fetchall()

for result in results:

oauth_token = object.__new__(OAuthToken)

self.set_oauth_token(oauth_token)

self.set_merge_data(oauth_token, result)

tokens.append(oauth_token)

return tokens

except Error as ex:

raise ex

finally:

cursor.close() if cursor is not None else None

connection.close() if connection is not None else None

except Error as ex:

raise SDKException(code=Constants.TOKEN_STORE, message=Constants.GET_TOKENS_DB_ERROR, cause=ex)

7. Finding a Token by ID - find_token_by_id(self, id)

Purpose: Retrieve a specific token by its unique id.

Expected behaviour:

Search storage for a token with the given ID.
If found, return the complete token object; if not, return None.

Input Parameters: The unique identifier of the token (id)

Return Values: Returns a fully populated Token(OAuthToken) object if found; otherwise, returns None.

Sample Implementation using SQLite:

This method should follows a similar pattern to find_token, but use the unique id as the search key.

def find_token_by_id(self, id):

cursor = None

try:

connection = sqlite3.connect(self.db_name)

try:

query = "select * from oauthtoken where id='" + id + "'"

oauth_token = object.__new__(OAuthToken)

self.set_oauth_token(oauth_token)

cursor = connection.cursor()

cursor.execute(query)

results = cursor.fetchall()

if results is None or len(results) <= 0:

raise SDKException(Constants.TOKEN_STORE, Constants.GET_TOKEN_BY_ID_DB_ERROR)

for result in results:

self.set_merge_data(oauth_token, result)

return oauth_token

except Error as ex:

raise ex

finally:

cursor.close() if cursor is not None else None

connection.close() if connection is not None else None

except Error as ex:

raise SDKException(code=Constants.TOKEN_STORE, message=Constants.GET_TOKEN_BY_ID_DB_ERROR, cause=ex)

Please find the complete custom_store_sqlite.py file here.

How to use this in your project

To start using this custom token persistence class in your own Python project, follow these steps:

Download the custom_store_sqlite.py and place this inside your project directory.
Import the class in the script where you initialize the SDK. In our sample project, this is the record.py file.
from store.custom_store_sqlite import CustomStoreSQLite
In the SDK configuration, use the CustomStoreSQLite method instead of the FireStore method:

def init(self, client_id, code, location, redirect_url):

environment = DataCenter.get(location)

client_secret = "17565609051856218813123b9a98de52c301722b7d"

logger = Logger.get_instance(level=Logger.Levels.INFO,

file_path="./logs.txt")

store = CustomStoreSQLite()

token = OAuthToken(client_id=client_id,

client_secret=client_secret,

grant_token=code,

redirect_url=redirect_url)

Initializer.initialize(environment=environment,

token=token,

logger=logger,

store=store)

That’s it! With this, all token operations (save, fetch, delete) will be routed through your custom store backed by SQLite.

The above video demonstrates this is in action. You can see what the database looks like when populated.

More Custom Persistence Implementations

The advantage of using Zoho CRM SDKs is that it doesn't box you in. You are free to implement token persistence in a way that fits your business logic, team expertise, or project requirements. Whether you prefer SQLite, NoSQL, or something entirely different, the SDK gives you full control through the TokenStore interface.

In the SQLite example above, we walked through how to implement a custom store using a persistent file-based database. You need to implement all the methods as explained in the previous section, no matter where you decide to persist your tokens.

To make things easier, we have included two additional reference implementations:

An in-memory store, where tokens are stored in a dictionary
A list-based store, which keeps token records as simple lists

Each one fully implements the required methods of the TokenStore interface.

SQLite In-Memory DB

This implementation uses SQLite's in-memory mode (using ":memory:") to store tokens in RAM. Here, we have implemented all the required methods from the TokenStore interface: find_token(), save_token(), delete_token(), get_tokens(), delete_tokens() and find_token_by_id().

Please find the custom_store_in_memory.py file here.

List-Based Persistence Using Simple Lists

The second reference implementation is a list-based token store that keeps token records in an in-memory Python list of lists. Each inner list represents a token’s attributes, such as ID, user signature, client ID, access token, refresh token, and so on.

This custom store fully implements all required methods from the TokenStore interface.

Please find the custom_store_list.py file here.

We hope this was useful and gives you enough info to build your own token persistence methods tailored to your needs. We used Python SDK here, but you can apply the same logic with any of our other SDKs. It is all the same logic, just different programming languages. Just remember to implement the required methods exactly as expected by the SDK, as explained here.

Give it a try, and please let us know how it goes or if you hit any bumps! Comment below, or send an email to support@zohocrm.com. We will be waiting to hear from you!

Happy coding!

We are excited to be approaching the 200th post in our Kaizen series! As we get closer to this milestone, we would love to hear from you. Have questions, suggestions, or topics you would like us to cover in our future Kaizen posts? Your feedback helps us make the series even better.

Please take a moment to share your thoughts with us using this form - we'd really appreciate it!

Previous Kaizen: Kaizen #191 - Implementing "Login with Zoho" using Python SDK | Kaizen Directory

Download Links:

Sample project files

Further Reading:

Access your files securely from anywhere

Quick Links

New to Zoho Recruit?

Access Zoho Recruit

New to Zoho Forms?

Latest Feature Updates

Explore our Pricing & Plans

Zoho Developer Community

New to Zoho LandingPage?

Access Zoho LandingPage

Zoho LandingPage Resources

New to Zoho Survey?

Access Zoho Survey

Latest Feature Updates

Explore our Pricing & Plans

Zoho Survey Resources

Android Mobile Surveys

Insurvey Blogs

Insight Blogs

Tips & Tricks

New to Zoho CRM Plus?

Deliver unforgettable customer experiences

ACCESS ZOHO CRM PLUS

New to Zoho CRM Plus?

Deliver unforgettable customer experiences

ACCESS ZOHO CRM PLUS

New to Zoho Marketing Plus?

Everything you need to run your marketing

ACCESS ZOHO MARKETING PLUS

New to Zoho Marketing Plus?

Everything you need to run your marketing

ACCESS ZOHO MARKETING PLUS

New to Bigin?

Signup Now

Access Bigin

Latest Feature Updates

Desk Community Learning Series
Digest
Functions
Meetups
Kbase
Resources
Glossary
Desk Marketplace
MVP Corner
Word of the Day
Ask the Experts

Tout forum

France ZUGs

Zoho SalesIQ Resources

Topic Participants
Anu Abraham
Ashley

Sticky Posts
Kaizen #217 - Actions APIs : Tasks
Welcome to another week of Kaizen! In last week's post we discussed Email Notifications APIs which act as the link between your Workflow automations and you. We have discussed how Zylker Cloud Services uses Email Notifications API in their custom dashboard.
Kaizen #216 - Actions APIs : Email Notifications
Welcome to another week of Kaizen! For the last three weeks, we have been discussing Zylker's workflows. We successfully updated a dormant workflow, built a new one from the ground up and more. But our work is not finished—these automated processes are
Kaizen #152 - Client Script Support for the new Canvas Record Forms
Hello everyone! Have you ever wanted to trigger actions on click of a canvas button, icon, or text mandatory forms in Create/Edit and Clone Pages? Have you ever wanted to control how elements behave on the new Canvas Record Forms? This can be achieved
Kaizen #142: How to Navigate to Another Page in Zoho CRM using Client Script
Hello everyone! Welcome back to another exciting Kaizen post. In this post, let us see how you can you navigate to different Pages using Client Script. In this Kaizen post, Need to Navigate to different Pages Client Script ZDKs related to navigation A.
Kaizen #210 - Answering your Questions | Event Management System using ZDK CLI
Hello Everyone, Welcome back to yet another post in the Kaizen Series! As you already may know, for the Kaizen #200 milestone, we asked for your feedback and many of you suggested topics for us to discuss. We have been writing on these topics over the

New to Zoho Social?

Manage your brands on social media

Access Zoho Social

Zoho Pagesense Resources

New to Zoho TeamInbox?

Zoho TeamInbox Resources

Zoho DataPrep Resources

New to Zoho DataPrep?

Access Zoho DataPrep

Zoho CRM Plus Resources

Zoho Books Resources

Zoho Subscriptions Resources

Zoho Projects Resources

Zoho Sprints Resources

Qntrl Resources

Zoho Creator Resources

Zoho CRM Resources

CRM Community Learning Series
Kaizen
Functions
Meetups
Kbase
Resources
Digest
CRM Marketplace
MVP Corner

Design. Discuss. Deliver.

Create visually engaging stories with Zoho Show.

Get Started Now

Zoho Show Resources

Get Started. Write Away!

Writer is a powerful online word processor, designed for collaborative work.

Start Writing

Zoho CRM コンテンツ

その他のサービスコンテンツ

Zoho Campaigns
Zoho サービスのWebセミナー

Nederlandse Hulpbronnen

ご検討中の方

Recent Topics
Enviro Recycling EHF Fee's
I'm in Canada and each province has it's own recycling program with it's own fee's. There are numerous categories that electronics fall into and each category has a taxable rate applied to it. I need a way to be able to apply the correct rate depending
Zoho Desk API - Influence which layout is used
Hello, how can the ticket layout be changed using the API? I would like to choose the layout directly when creating the ticket. If this is not possible, my question would be how can I change it afterwards? Best regards, Sven
Has CSS Changed for Common Elements?
I noticed today that the standard title headings on my Forms and Reports display smaller in size than before. Google Dev Tools (attached), seems to confirm my suspicion. Something appears to be overriding the 1.375rem to 1.125rem. The font size on the
Text field alignment
Is it possible to align text in the text field? Or even better, is there a possibility to have a field which accepts only numbers?
email moderation issue when email is sent in the name of a mail group
Symptom: an email that is sent by a mail group moderator in the name of a moderated mail group is held back for approval. Reproduction: Create a moderated mail group with members and moderators. Allow that mails can be sent in the name of the group (extended
Pipeline in Custom Modules
I love the way the Sales Pipeline looks and functions with reports. I would like to add the save pipeline features and visualization to a custom module, however, I only see that these pipelines are only available for the Deals module. Is there a way to add pipelines to custom modules?
Tip #53- Remote Billing: Your End-to-End Billing Solution in Zoho Assist- 'Insider Insights'
Manual invoicing, after every remote support session, can be time-consuming and often error-prone. As an MSP, IT admin, or even a freelance support technician, it may become overwhelming to keep track of session time, service rates, and client invoices.
Record history and ticket interaction tab in contacts and accounts
Hello everyone! We have improved the History tab to help users trace updates in the interaction activity logs of the Contacts and Accounts detail pages in the Customer Module. This enhancement make it easier to get clear details about who made each update,
sync views to sheet
Im looking to sync my views aka reports in analytics to zoho sheets, when data is updated in analytics it also should be updated in sheets, till now zoho sheets only offer raw data connection and it is not enough as these reports are difficult to re-do
Is there an API to "File a Ticket" in Desk
Hi, Is there an API to "File a Ticket" in Desk to zoho projects?
Keyboard UX for Assemblies
The new Assembly module has a counter-intuitive behavior that ought to be corrected. When an Assembly is ready to be entered, there are two options given, the blue-highlighted "Assemble" and the gray "Save as Draft". This correctly implies that the normal
How to Move Behavior, Acquisition, Polls & Forms Data from Zoho PageSense to Zoho Analytics?
Hi Zoho Community, I'm looking for a way to transfer data from Zoho PageSense to Zoho Analytics, specifically: Behavioral data (clicks, scrolls, heatmaps, etc.) Acquisition data (traffic sources, campaigns, etc.) Polls and forms data As far as I can tell:
Why can't I see images uploaded by other users in the Library for Campaigns
We are several users of zoho Campaign. I have uploaded visuals of our company, but my team members can't see them.
zoho sheet stuck
I Need help. ZOHO sheets stuck on the loading screen. I've already deleted the system cache and cookies of my browser (google chrome) but it's still not opening.
Tip of the Week #78 – Cut response time with multichannel shared inboxes
If you’ve ever felt your team juggling between multiple email accounts, social pages, and chat apps just to reply to customers, you’re not alone. Managing conversations in multiple channels can quickly turn messy. Important messages across inboxes, replies
Need a way to run a client script longet than 10 seconds
By The Grace of G-D. Hi, Currently, Client Scripts are Timing out at 10 seconds. We have complex logics that needs more time. Can you add a feature request to increase the timeout?
FSM Improvement Idea - Show an Import button when there is no data
I am setting up FSM for a client and I noticed that there is no option to import data, see screenshot below. Even when you click Create Contact there is only an option to Import from Zoho Invoice. It is only after you add at lease 1 record that the Import
Unable to Send Different Email Templates for Different Documents in Zoho Sign
Hello Zoho Community, I am facing a limitation with Zoho Sign regarding email notifications sent to customers when a document is sent for signing. Currently, whenever I send any template/document for signing, the email notification that goes to the customer
Timeline Tracking Support for records updates via module import and bulk write api
Note: This update is currently available in Early Access and will soon be rolled out across all data centers (DCs) and for all editions of Zoho CRM. The update will be available to all users within your organization, regardless of their profiles or roles.
UI Improvement - Ability to Collapse Flow
The UI for Flow is generally pretty good. However, when multiple decision trees are used, the layout can get pretty convoluted and hard-to-follow (see one of my Flows below): In these cases, even the auto-arrange fails to make this something that a normal
Tasks Statuses
Hi, The task status "Completed" is a final status which closes the task. We need to have a status "Cancelled". However, when the status is set to "Cancelled", the task prompt still has a blue button to Close Task. When the customer clicks that and closes
Add Lookup Field in Tasks Module
Hello, I have a need to add a Lookup field in addition to the ones that are already there in the Tasks module. I've seen this thread and so understand that the reason lookup fields may not be part of it is that there are already links to the tables (
Create New Tasks Layout in CRM
I am able to do this in Leads, Contacts, Meetings, Calls - every other module, but cannot create a new layout in tasks. I have the appropriate access but it's simply not appearing as an option. Only "Standard" option shows. Please help!
Whatsapp Connection Status still "Pending" after migration
Hello, I migrated my WhatsApp API to Zoho from another provider a day ago. So far the connection status is still “Pending”. There is a problem? How long does it usually take?
Using IMAP configuration for shared email inboxes
Our customer service team utilizes shared email boxes to allow multiple people to view and handle incoming customer requests. For example, the customer sends an email to info@xxxx.com and multiple people can view it and handle the request. How can I configure
Auto-sync field of lookup value
This feature has been requested many times in the discussion Field of Lookup Announcement and this post aims to track it separately. At the moment the value of a 'field of lookup' is a snapshot but once the parent lookup field is updated the values diverge.
Zoho Recruit Subscription
Hello Zoho Recruit Team, Good day! I would like to inquire about your recruitment subscription plans and would also like to verify the current subscription our company is enrolled in under Zoho Recruit. Thank you, and I look forward to your response.
Keyboard shortcut M key
I'm trying to customize my keyboard shortcuts and assign the "m" key. But it says the key is already assigned. I've looked through all my shortcuts and can't see any assigned "m". When I select an email and press the M key, nothing happens. What is the
Is it possible to create a meeting in Zoho Crm which automatically creates a Google Meet link?
We are using Google's own "Zoho CRM for Google" integration and also Zoho's "Google Apps Sync" tools, but none of them provide us with the ability to create a meeting in Zoho CRM that then adds a Google Meet link into the meeting. Is this something that
Ensure Consistent Service Delivery with Comprehensive Job Sheets
We are elated to announce that one of the most requested features is now live: Job Sheets. They are customizable, reusable forms that serve as a checklist for the services that technicians need to carry out and as a tool for data collection. While on
Automatic Portal invite
We have numerous customers we move through a blueprint in deals, when they get to a certain point we need to give them portal access, how can this be done through deluge or a workflow? Latest Update (December 2025): The option to automate portal invitations
Marketer's Space: Why mobile optimization deserves a place in your email strategy
Hello Marketers, Welcome back to Marketer's Space! Today, we'll talk about the importance of creating mobile-friendly email designs. While mobile phones were once used only to make phone calls, today they're used for almost everything, including texting,
Enhancements in Canvas
Dear All, Greetings! Canvas lets you design the record details page to suit your brand or business preferences. We are glad to introduce the following enhancements to uplift your design experience. Reusable Components Style Presets Let's go! Reusable
Introducing Dark Mode / Light Mode : A New Look For Your CRM
Hello Users, We are excited to announce a highly anticipated feature - the launch of Day, Night and Auto Mode implementation in Zoho CRM's NextGen user interface! This feature is designed to provide a visually appealing and comfortable experience for
ABN with Legal Entity Name
Hi, How can I execute this? The ABN number is entered in Accounts Module and ideally, it should display or suggest the correct Legal Entity Name based on the ABN lookup. ex. Account Name: JPG Resources ABN Number: 65 067 761 871 Legal Entity Name: (auto
Zoho Cliq not working on airplanes
Hi, My team and I have been having this constant issue of cliq not working when connected to an airplane's wifi. Is there a reason for this? We have tried on different Airlines and it doesn't work on any of them. We need assistance here since we are constantly
Unify Overlapping Functionalities Across Zoho Products
Hi Zoho One Team, We would like to raise a concern about the current overlap of core functionalities across various Zoho applications. While Zoho offers a rich suite of tools, many applications include similar or identical features—such as shift management,
Detailed Account Reports - Add Running Balance
When one clicks into an account from a report (say P/L or Balance Sheet), the default reports have the Debit, Credit, and then the Amount. The Amount column (last one) is duplicate information. It would be far better and fit more peoples' use cases if
Issue: Ticket Export Does Not Include Ticket Threads
Dear Zoho Desk Support Team, I hope you’re doing well. I wanted to bring to your attention that the current ticket export feature in Zoho Desk does not seem to include the ticket threads or conversation history. When exporting tickets, only the summary
Pushover Notification Module
Hello, it would be good if there would be a "Pushover" (https://pushover.net/) module besides the standard SMS module. Pushover is now very well known, especially in IT, and is becoming more and more popular. The biggest advantage are the customizable
Next Page

Kaizen #192 - Implementing Custom Token Persistence in Python SDK

Kaizen #192 - Implementing Custom Token Persistence in Python SDK

Why does token persistence matter?

Supported token persistence options

File Persistence:

Database Persistence:

Custom Persistence:

Custom Token Persistence

Understanding the token object

Implementing Custom Token Persistence with SQLite

The CustomStoreSQLite Class

1. Initialization and Table Setup

2. Saving a Token - save_token(self, token)

3: Fetching a Token - find_token(self, token)

4: Deleting a Token - delete_token(self, id)

5: Deleting All Tokens - delete_tokens(self)

6: Fetch all tokens - get_tokens(self)

7. Finding a Token by ID - find_token_by_id(self, id)

How to use this in your project

More Custom Persistence Implementations

SQLite In-Memory DB

List-Based Persistence Using Simple Lists

Access your files securely from anywhere

Zoho Developer Community

France ZUGs

Topic Participants

Anu Abraham

Ashley

Sticky Posts

Kaizen #217 - Actions APIs : Tasks

Kaizen #216 - Actions APIs : Email Notifications

Kaizen #152 - Client Script Support for the new Canvas Record Forms

Kaizen #142: How to Navigate to Another Page in Zoho CRM using Client Script

Kaizen #210 - Answering your Questions | Event Management System using ZDK CLI

Zoho TeamInbox Resources

Zoho CRM Plus Resources

Zoho Books Resources

Zoho Subscriptions Resources

Zoho Projects Resources

Zoho Sprints Resources

Qntrl Resources

Zoho Creator Resources

Zoho CRM Resources

Zoho Show Resources

Get Started. Write Away!

その他のサービス コンテンツ

Nederlandse Hulpbronnen

ご検討中の方

Recent Topics

Enviro Recycling EHF Fee's

Zoho Desk API - Influence which layout is used

Has CSS Changed for Common Elements?

Text field alignment

email moderation issue when email is sent in the name of a mail group

Pipeline in Custom Modules

Tip #53- Remote Billing: Your End-to-End Billing Solution in Zoho Assist- 'Insider Insights'

Record history and ticket interaction tab in contacts and accounts

sync views to sheet

Is there an API to "File a Ticket" in Desk

Keyboard UX for Assemblies

How to Move Behavior, Acquisition, Polls & Forms Data from Zoho PageSense to Zoho Analytics?

Why can't I see images uploaded by other users in the Library for Campaigns

zoho sheet stuck

Tip of the Week #78 – Cut response time with multichannel shared inboxes

Need a way to run a client script longet than 10 seconds

FSM Improvement Idea - Show an Import button when there is no data

Unable to Send Different Email Templates for Different Documents in Zoho Sign

Timeline Tracking Support for records updates via module import and bulk write api

UI Improvement - Ability to Collapse Flow

Tasks Statuses

Add Lookup Field in Tasks Module

Create New Tasks Layout in CRM

Whatsapp Connection Status still "Pending" after migration

Using IMAP configuration for shared email inboxes

Auto-sync field of lookup value

Zoho Recruit Subscription

Keyboard shortcut M key

Is it possible to create a meeting in Zoho Crm which automatically creates a Google Meet link?

Ensure Consistent Service Delivery with Comprehensive Job Sheets

Automatic Portal invite

その他のサービスコンテンツ