COQL API in Zoho CRM - Part I
Hi everyone! Welcome back to another week of Kaizen!
This week, we will discuss the COQL Queries in detail.
COQL (CRM Object Query Language) is a powerful query language based on SQL syntax that allows users to write their own queries and fetch records using module API names and field API names. In this post, we will discuss the operators supported by COQL in detail and also provide examples to help you understand better. Please note that the information in the article holds true for version 4 of Zoho CRM APIs.
When should you use the Query API?
Use Query API when you want to query for a module's data and/or it's look up related data using various comparators, or for records that fall into a custom view without actually creating one. For example, if you want to query for all products in a specific price range, with a 5 star rating and sort the results by price, use the Query API. Similarly you can use Query API to query for records from cross-modules (linked via lookup field), such as filtering products based on the vendor's details.
What types of queries are supported by COQL?
COQL supports only the SELECT query, which is used to select data from the CRM, based on the conditions specified by the clauses.
Here is a sample query:
SELECT {field_api_names} FROM {module_api_name} WHERE {field_api_name} {comparator} {logical_operator} {value} ORDER BY {field_api_name} ASC/DESC LIMIT {limit} OFFSET {offset}
What are the clauses & aggregate functions supported by COQL?
WHERE - used to select records based on specific conditions.
FROM - specifies the module from which to fetch the records.
ORDER BY - used to sort the results in ascending or descending order.
LIMIT - used to limit the number of records returned by the query.
OFFSET - used to skip a specified number of records while retrieving the records.
{ "select_query" : "select Last_Name, First_Name, Mobile, Final_Score from Leads where (Lead_Status = 'Not Contacted') ORDER BY Final_Score DESC LIMIT 5 OFFSET 10" } |
For example, the above query retrieves the Last_Name, First_Name, Mobile and Final_score of all Leads whose status equals 'Not Contacted'. The results will be sorted in descending order based on the Final_Score field, and only the 5 records after skipping the first 10 will be returned.
NOTE : You can also use the syntax "LIMIT offset, limit" to achieve the same result. For example :
{ "select_query" : "select Last_Name, First_Name, Mobile, Final_Score from Leads where (Lead_Status = 'Not Contacted') ORDER BY Final_Score DESC LIMIT 5, 10" } |
Aggregate functions can perform calculations on a set of values and return a single value.
SUM() - to get the sum of the values of an aggregate field in a module.
MAX() - to get the maximum value of an aggregate field.
MIN() - to get the minimum value of an aggregate field.
AVG() - to get the average value of the values of a field.
COUNT() - to get the number of records that satisfy the criteria.
Wildcard Character Support in COQL
In COQL queries, the only supported wildcard character is %. This % wildcard can be used with the like operator to achieve functionality similar to the contains, starts_with and ends_with operators. For instance, '%tech" queries for field values ending with tech, 'C%' queries for the values starting with C, and '%tech%' translates to contains 'tech'.
Supported field types and Comparators
The following table gives a gist of the field types whose data you can query for, and the comparators for each field type.
| Field Type | Comparators |
| Text and Picklist | =, !=, like, not like, in, not in, is null, is not null |
| Lookup | =, !=, in, not in, is null, is not null |
| Date, DateTime, Number, Currency | =, !=, >=, >, <=, <, between, not between, in, not in, is null, is not null |
| Boolean | = |
Supported field types and Comparators
1) Text and Picklist Fields
Supported comparators : =, !=, like, not like, in, not in, is null, is not null. Please note that the like operator is used for starts_with, ends_with, contains, and not like operator is used for not contains.
Sample Query 1: (=, like, in)
{ "select_query": "SELECT First_Name, Last_Name FROM Leads WHERE (((Lead_Status = 'Pre-Qualified') and (Company like '%zylker%')) and Industry in ('Technology', 'ERP'))" } |
This SELECT query retrieves the First_Name and Last_Name of all Leads whose Lead_Status is Pre-Qualified, Company contains zylker, and Industry is either Technology or ERP.
Sample Query 2:(not in, like, not null)
{ "select_query": "SELECT First_Name, Last_Name FROM Leads WHERE (((Lead_Status not in ('Closed-Won', 'Closed-Lost')) and (Lead_Source like '%Web%')) and (Skype_ID is not null)) LIMIT 2" } |
This query will return the first name and last name of all leads whose lead status is not Closed-Won or Closed-Lost, whose Lead Source fields contains web, and whose Skype ID field is not empty.
Sample Query 3:( !=, not like, null)
{ "select_query": "SELECT First_Name, Last_Name, Mobile FROM Leads WHERE (((Lead_Source != 'Webinar') and (City not like '%New York%')) and (Skype_ID is null))" } |
This query retrieves the first name, last name and mobile of leads where the lead source is not a webinar, the city is not New York, and the Skype ID field is empty or null.
2. Lookup Fields
=, !=, in, not in, is null, is not null are the supported comparators for lookup fields. If you want to get the name of the lookup field in the response, you must include the field API name in the query. Otherwise, the system will return only the ID of the field.
Sample Query 1: (=, not in, !=)
{ "select_query": "select Last_Name, First_Name, Full_Name, Account_Name, Owner from Contacts where (((Account_Name.Account_Name != 'Zylker') and (Owner = 4876876000000327001)) and Vendor_Name.Vendor_Name not in ('Skytech','SR')) LIMIT 2" } |
This query retrieves the last name, first name, full name, account name, and owner of two contacts whose account name is not Zylker, whose owner ID is 4876876000000327001, and whose vendor name does not contain Skytech or SR.
Sample Response:
{ "data": [ { "First_Name": "John", "Full_Name": "John Wilson ", "Owner": { "id": "4876876000000327001" }, "Last_Name": "Wilson ", "Account_Name": { "id": "4876876000000333089" }, "id": "4876876000000333182" }, { "First_Name": "Josephine", "Full_Name": "Josephine Darakjy", "Owner": { "id": "4876876000000327001" }, "Last_Name": "Darakjy", "Account_Name": { "id": "4876876000000333090" }, "id": "4876876000000333183" } ], "info": { "count": 2, "more_records": true } } |
In this query, the id of the account is returned but not the name since we have not specified the field API name in the query. To fetch the field name, specify the field API name in the query. Refer to the following sample query to know how.
Sample Query 2: (in, is null, is not null)
{ "select_query": "SELECT Deal_Name, Account_Name.Account_Name, Created_Time FROM Deals WHERE (((Account_Name.Account_Name in ('Grayson','Zylker')) and (Owner is not null)) and (Contact_Name is null)) ORDER BY Created_Time DESC LIMIT 2" } |
This query retrieves the Deal Name, Account Name, and Created Time of the 2 most recently created Deals whose Account Name contains Zylker or Grayson, and do not have a Contact Name associated with them but have a Deal Owner associated with them. The results will be ordered in descending order by the Created Time.
Sample Response:
{ "data": [ { "Deal_Name": "Westborne Deal", "Created_Time": "2023-04-06T10:04:02+05:30", "Account_Name.Account_Name": "Grayson", "id": "4876876000003548001" }, { "Deal_Name": "Eastwing Deal", "Created_Time": "2023-04-05T19:10:55+05:30", "Account_Name.Account_Name": "Grayson", "id": "4876876000003526011" } ], "info": { "count": 2, "more_records": true } } |
In the same query, if you want to use the Account ID instead of the name, replace ((Account_Name.Account_Name in ('Grayson','Zylker')) with ((Account_Name in (4876876000001236083, 4876876000002799001)) to include the IDs instead of the field API names and the account names.
{ "select_query": "SELECT Deal_Name, Account_Name.Account_Name, Created_Time FROM Deals WHERE (((Account_Name in (4876876000001236083, 4876876000002799001)) and (Owner is not null)) and (Contact_Name is null)) ORDER BY Created_Time DESC LIMIT 2" } |
3. Date, DateTime, Number, Currency Fields
=, !=, >=, >, <=, <, between, not between, in, not in, is null, is not null are the supported comparators for these fields.
Sample Query 1: (between, <, >)
{ "select_query": "SELECT Deal_Name, Amount, Stage, Probability FROM Deals WHERE (((Closing_Date between '2023-01-01' and '2023-03-31') and (Probability < 99)) and (Amount > 10000))"} |
This query retrieves the deal name, amount, stage, and probability of all deals whose closing date is between January 1, 2023 and March 31, 2023, and whose probability is less than 99 and amount is greater than 10000.
Sample Response:
{ "data": [ { "Deal_Name": "Chapman Deal", "Amount": 2500000, "Probability": 97, "Stage": "Closed Won", "id": "4876876000003550011" } ], "info": { "count": 1, "more_records": false } } |
Sample Query 2: (<=, !=, >=)
{ "select_query": "SELECT Product_Name, Qty_in_Stock, Vendor_Name, Cost_Price FROM Products WHERE (((Sales_End_Date <= '2023-04-30') and (Qty_in_Stock != 0)) and (Cost_Price >= 500))" } |
This query retrieves the product name, quantity in stock, vendor name, and cost price for all products whose sales end date is on or before April 30, 2023, whose quantity in stock is not zero, and whose cost price is greater than or equal to 500. Since Vendor_Name is a lookup field, only the ID will be returned in the response.
Sample Response
{ "data": [ { "Cost_Price": 2000, "Vendor_Name": { "id": "4876876000001039017" }, "Product_Name": "Sigma", "Qty_in_Stock": 30, "id": "4876876000001036109" } ], "info": { "count": 1, "more_records": false } } |
Sample Query 3: (not between, is not, >)
{ "select_query": "SELECT Last_Name, First_Name, Referred_By.Full_Name FROM Leads WHERE (((Final_Score not between 10 and 20) and (Annual_Revenue is not null)) and (No_of_Employees > 200)) LIMIT 1" } |
This COQL query selects the last name, first name, and the full name of the lead's referred by field, for one lead whose final score is not between 10 and 20, annual revenue is not null and whose number of employees is greater than 200.
Sample Response
{ "data": [ { "First_Name": "Chau", "Last_Name": "Kitzman", "id": "4876876000000333403", "Referred_By.Full_Name": "Simmons Truhlar" } ], "info": { "count": 1, "more_records": true } } |
Sample Query 4: (>, not in, =, is null)
{ "select_query":"SELECT PO_Number, PO_Date, Status, Discount FROM Purchase_Orders WHERE (((PO_Date = '2023-04-06') and (Due_Date not in ('2023-04-10','2023-04-11', '2023-04-12'))) or ((Discount > 10) and (Requisition_No is null)))" } |
This query selects the PO_Number, PO_Date, Status, and Discount from the Purchase_Orders module where the PO_Date is equal to '2023-04-06' and Due_Date is not any of '2023-04-10', '2023-04-11', or '2023-04-12'; OR Discount is greater than 10 and Requisition_No is null. In this query, we have used both AND and OR operators to combine the clauses.
Sample Response
{ "data": [ { "Status": "Created", "PO_Date": "2022-05-10", "Discount": 9990, "PO_Number": "PO-JL-3876", "id": "4876876000001125176" }, { "Status": "Created", "PO_Date": "2023-04-06", "Discount": 370.37, "PO_Number": "PO-DA-1932", "id": "4876876000003561019" } ], "info": { "count": 2, "more_records": false } } |
We hope you found this post useful and that it has given you a better understanding of COQL queries. In our next post, we will discuss the rest of the field types, aggregate functions with more examples, and provide more queries to help you get started.
If you have any questions or feedback, please let us know in the comments below, or write to us at support@zohocrm.com. We would love to hear from you!
Additionally, if you have any questions about the COQL API or how to construct a query, kindly let us know in the comments.
Additional Reading:
Access your files securely from anywhere
Zoho Developer Community
New to Zoho LandingPage?
Zoho LandingPage Resources
New to Zoho Survey?
New to Zoho CRM Plus?
Deliver unforgettable customer experiences
New to Zoho CRM Plus?
Deliver unforgettable customer experiences
New to Zoho Marketing Plus?
Everything you need to run your marketing
New to Zoho Marketing Plus?
Everything you need to run your marketing
New to Bigin?
Topic Participants
Anu Abraham
DataWarehouse
dkvagency
Jeganprabhu S
Anamika Prasanth
Sticky Posts
Client Script | Update - Introducing Commands in Client Script!
Have you ever wished you could trigger Client Script from contexts other than just the supported pages and events? Have you ever wanted to leverage the advantage of Client Script at your finger tip? Discover the power of Client Script - Commands! CommandsKaizen #165 : How to call Zoho CRM APIs using Client Script
Welcome back to another exciting Client Script post! In this post, we will discuss one of the most frequently asked questions: How do you call Zoho CRM APIs from Client Scripts? In this kaizen post, 1. Ways to make calls to Zoho CRM APIs using ClientKaizen#162 : Add Tags and Open Pre-filled Email Drafts via Client Scripts
Hello everyone! Welcome to another informative Kaizen post. In this post, let us see how to accomplish the following using Client Script. 1. How to auto-tag a record based on field update? 2. How to Open a pre-filled email draft This post will provideExtension Pointers - JS SDK series #4: Managing data from a widget using ZOHO.CRM.HTTP
Handling and managing the data between two applications is a major factor for an efficient business. There are a variety of ways to handle data between Zoho CRM and other third-party applications. You can use deluge CRM tasks, create connectors, use APIKaizen #152 - Client Script Support for the new Canvas Record Forms
Hello everyone! Have you ever wanted to trigger actions on click of a canvas button, icon, or text mandatory forms in Create/Edit and Clone Pages? Have you ever wanted to control how elements behave on the new Canvas Record Forms? This can be achieved
New to Zoho TeamInbox?
Zoho TeamInbox Resources
Zoho DataPrep Resources
Zoho CRM Plus Resources
Zoho Books Resources
Zoho Subscriptions Resources
Zoho Projects Resources
Zoho Sprints Resources
Qntrl Resources
Zoho Creator Resources
Zoho Campaigns Resources
Zoho CRM Resources
Design. Discuss. Deliver.
Zoho Show Resources
Get Started. Write Away!
Writer is a powerful online word processor, designed for collaborative work.
Zoho CRM コンテンツ
-
オンラインヘルプ
-
Webセミナー
-
機能活用動画
-
よくある質問
-
Ebook
-
-
Zoho Campaigns
- Zoho サービスのWebセミナー
その他のサービス コンテンツ
Nederlandse Hulpbronnen
ご検討中の方
Recent Topics
Mass update Accounts in Zoho Desk
We used the integration feature to bring in all of our accounts from Zoho CRM. While all of the names and links are in place, on the Zoho Desk side the email, phone, website, and address fields are blank. By going into each account I can select "UpdateVivaldi will not open the Zoho Mail app when I click a email link in the browser
I'm running Vivaldi on Arch with the Plasma desktop and have under default applications Zoho Mail set as my default email client. Whenever I click a email link in Vivaldi I get the below when it should be launching Zoho. Any ideas on rectifying this issue?Digital publisher
Kinetic Digital Publisher provides comprehensive digital publishing services, including eBook creation, formatting, cover design, and marketing. We help authors publish and promote their work across online platforms with ease.Time Zone Correction with Daylight Savings Time
Hey, I'm writing a series of reports where the source data is synced from an external source which stores the date/time information in GMT, but I want the reports to be in local time. Now, I understand there is the CONVERT_TZ function which allows meLoad form in iframe without header
I am trying to load a form into an iframe without the header, but I am not having any luck. I am using openUrl() to load the iframe with the form URL and zc_Header set to false, e.g. #Form:Add_Case?zc_Header=false but it is still loading the header. AnyFilter embedded report
How to filter embedded report in a page, below code is not working. dateField => startDate & dateField=< endDate The report should print on page containing records from startDate to endDate. params='zc_Header=true&Service_Date__gte=<%=startDate%>&Service_Date__lte=<%=endDate%>'Creator Simplified #5: Set file upload restrictions in Zoho Creator
Hey Creators, Welcome to the next post in the Creator Simplified series. Today, we’ll explore how to implement file upload restrictions to limit user submissions to specific file types. By implementing an allowed list for file uploads, you can optimizeField Type: Address, Change District/State to Dropdown with picklist??
Using the Address Field type, is there a way to make the District/State field be a dropdown with a picklist so the users can select rather than type the state name every time? I know this can be done if I use a drowdown field for the State (or entire address information), but that isn't as tidy as using the address field type. I apologize if this is a duplicate. I posted this question the other day, or so I though. Can't find that post.cutomized fields are not showing up in zoho creator from zoho crm
We have customized fields in zoho crm under accounts module like "Last production upgrade" --> This field is a date. When created a solution in zoho creator i couldn't find any of the customized fields. Would you please help me on this matter? ThanksHow to Add Bulk Data in Zoho Creator Forms Using Deluge Without Exceeding Execution Time Limit
I have a database form with a column named 'Product Name' containing 8000 values in a Zoho Creator form. In another form named 'Returns Data,' I have a column with the same name, 'Product Name.' How do I add these 8000 values to the 'Returns Data' formOpen New Free Zoho Account
Hi Team, Do you guys offer a free email hosting? I do have a domain already. If yes, what is the process to open the new account? Thanks,554 5.7.1 : Recipient address rejected: user info@intimspace.de does not exist
554 5.7.1 : Адрес получателя отклонен: пользователь info@intimspace.de не существует I can't send an email to Google at info@intimspace.de. An error comes. I entered everything correctly in DNS https://zohomail.tools/#domainDetails/intimspace.de/ALLEmails going back unread
Hi all, When in Zoho mail - when I recieve a new mail it puts back all emails read that day back to unread - I then have to go back through and open all emails I have already read! Gets very annoying... Any idea on the bug fix?Been getting this error, every now and then "Get count limit exceeded, please try again after 3 mins"
it is really annoying.Constraints on Tasks
We have a use case where we have certain fixed date tasks and need to schedule predecessor tasks around these. Predecessor tasks need to be completed with a lag before the fixed date. We should be able to schedule the start and end date for predecessorMoving Project Dependencies Not Moving Precedessors
Most of the time we want to base our start dates around an event that is in the middle of the project template. If I set a bar up at the date we want it, it doesn't move the predecessors up. Is there a way to change this? eg. there is no point startingCan you set task due dates to be "x" days before the milestone?
We have a milestone set as the date of our first event. All of the tasks need to happen in increments prior to the milestone event. Is there a way to configure this without having to set up each task due date? Thanks!Default ticket template in helpcenter
Hello, I have a web form and a ticket template created. How can I make that my default ticket template? If an user clicks New ticket or create a ticket, I want that template to be the default one. Thank you for the time and info.Expanded data-capturing capabilities with enhanced tabular sections
We are thrilled to announce an update to Zoho Recruit that brings even more flexibility and customization to your recruiting process. With the addition of 10 new field types to the tabular sections, you now have the power to enhance your tabular sectionsIntegration of Business Hours in Email Templates
Dear Zoho Desk Team, We would like to propose a feature enhancement to Zoho Desk that would greatly improve the utility of the Business Hours settings and streamline communication with our clients. Feature Request: Integration of Business Hours in EmailAdd Owner to deluge-created module record note
Is it possible to include the "owner" aka "creator", of a Note when creating it via delulge? This sets "superadmin" as the Note creator. I need to override it. notemap = Map(); notemap.put("Parent_Id",program_contact_id); notemap.put("Note_Content",program_contact_data.get('Note'));Blueprint - Field Validation Criteria (During)
When setting validation criteria elsewhere in Zoho, or even workflow criteria etc., there are Is Empty and Isn't Empty options. Within the Field Validation Criteria within Blueprint, those options aren't available. Is there a particular reason for this?Delete Field that is used in a Zoho Flow connection
I'm trying to delete a Field used in a Webhook created by Zoho Flow with CRM Connection and i get the following alert: When going to the alert i get to the following issue, can't edit it since its been deployed by a pluggin But yes i have here the promptedUse image on img HTML tag
Hi how could I do to use my image saved in Workdrive to use it in an HTML img tag ? I need to display it on my website without having to use iframes. Regards,ZOHO Compain emails going to spam after authentication is successful
Hello, I am frustrated right now. I have recently setup the zoho email compaign, The auto responder email went to receipient spam folder. then, I researched a lot and completed authentication (SPF, DKIM) in email deliverability, email relay in zoho crm.Security Policies
To protect against cyber threats and attacks, organizations need to set up security policies for their employees' accounts. Security policies are rules and regulations for every individual or group using the organization's assets and resources. EnablingZoho CRM functions editor is not in the programming language deluge
I am trying to write a function for a button. I helped someone before in deluge and I'm using this new editor I'm not familiar with - I guess it is new. Why is the default code statically typed? The editor will not let me create a variable without a type."Age in Days" calculation in Advanced Analytics
Hi Can someone advise how this is calculated? I am getting values on this report which I cannot understand. Thank youAutomatically set quotes to "lost" if deal is set to lost
Hi, Is there a way to automate that if a deal (opportunity) is lost the related quotes are also set to lost? Thanks!Subdomain
How can i make subdomain in my zoho websiteA/R Aging Details shows wrong aging days
In the A/R Summary Report all of the invoices are in the right aging buckets. When I run the A/R Aging Details report I get aged dates of +300 days when they should be in the 0-90 day range.Global Choice List share ownership
I have created several forms that use one or more Global Choice Lists. These lists have been published to Org. I would like to allow one or more admins to edit the choices in these lists. Any help appreciated. GeoffDomain Transfer
I have a Godaddy domain, how i can transfer it to Zoha? and how i can move my website to Zoho server? With my best wishes.Project Templates & Reminders
I am getting projects all set up to work for our company and am running into a problem that I'm hoping is easily fixable. I have created a project template and within that project, there are reminders set on certain tasks. When I create a project fromKaizen #126 - Circuits in Zoho CRM - Part 1
Hello everyone! Welcome back to another week of Kaizen! Today, we will discuss an exciting topic—Circuits in Zoho CRM. For starters, we will discuss what Circuits are, how beneficial they are for businesses, different views of a Circuit, and the differentCreate customized SLAs for your customer base with support plans
Managing customer expectations, prioritizing critical issues, and resolving customer inquiries on time is quite a juggle. Without a clear timelines or defined priorities, a support team may struggle with delays in response, SLA violations, and pendingZoho Flow or Schedules
I have a process where we text our leads 7 times over a 14 day with different content for each text. I created one flow in Zoho Flow to do this, but wondering if there is a more efficient way to accomplish this via Schedules. It goes on for 6 more timesFree webinar: Zoho Sign 2024 wrap-up - Everything that is new and has changed
Hello, Are you looking up to catch up on all the updates made to Zoho Sign in 2024? Or are you still figuring out how you can use Zoho Sign better to get business paperwork done more efficiently? If so, we invite you to join us this Thursday, DecemberHow to Customize Task Creation to Send a Custom Alert Using JavaScript in Zoho CRM?
Hello Zoho CRM Community, I’m looking to customize Zoho CRM to send a custom alert whenever a task is created. I understand that Zoho CRM supports client scripts using JavaScript, and I would like to leverage this feature to implement the alert functionality.Workflow - Execute Based on Date
Hello, I have trouble understanding the documentation for Execute Based on Date or Date Time Field's Value. I want to send an email every time I have a Case opened for more than three days with its status unchanged. I set : This rule will be executed 3 days after [date]. Condition : Status is [New]. Instant Action : Send an email notification. However, I'm not sure I follow this part of the documentation: "For all the records matching the rule criteria, rule will be triggered either monthly or yearlyNext Page