Kaizen #81 - COQL API - Part II
Hello everyone!
Welcome to another week of Kaizen!
In continuation to last week's post on COQL API, we will discuss the rest of the field types and their supported operators with detailed examples in this post.
Supported field types and Operators
Please refer to the COQL API - Part I Kaizen post for the first three field types and their supported operators.
4) Boolean
The supported operator for Boolean field is =. You should provide the value as either true or false.
Sample Query
{ "select_query" : "select Product_Name, Product_Code from Products where Product_Active = 'false' limit 2" } |
This sample query selects the Product_Name and Product_Code fields from the Products module where Product_Active is false, and limits the result to only 2 records.
Sample Response:
{ "data": [ { "Product_Code": "SR-001", "Product_Name": "Sigma", "id": "4876876000001036109" }, { "Product_Code": "SR-003", "Product_Name": "Alpha", "id": "4876876000001039006" } ], "info": { "count": 2, "more_records": false } } |
what_Id support in COQL
=, !=, in, not in, is null, is not null are the supported operators. what_Id support is extended only to Tasks, Calls and Events. The what_Id field could be a lead or a contact.
Sample Query
{ "select_query": "select 'What_Id->Leads.Last_Name' from Tasks where (('What_Id->Leads.id' in ('4876876000000900134','4876678000000900987')) AND ('What_Id->Leads.Industry' != 'ERP'))" } |
This sample query queries for the last name of leads associated with tasks where the lead ID is either '4876876000000900134' or '4876678000000900987', and the lead's industry is not 'ERP'.
Sample Response:
{ "data": [ { "What_Id->Leads.Last_Name": "Perry", "id": "4876876000001103044" } ], "info": { "count": 1, "more_records": false } } |
Roles and Profiles support in COQL
COQL supports roles and profiles lookup fields, allowing users to retrieve the owner's profile details such as ID, name etc, and the owner's role details using COQL queries. The supported comparators are =, !=, in, not in, is null, is not null.
Sample Query
{ "select_query": "select Owner.role.id,Owner.role.name,Owner.role.reporting_to, Owner.role.share_data_with_peers, Owner.role.description, Owner.profile.id from Leads where Last_Name is not null LIMIT 1" } |
This query fetches the Profile details and Role details of the owner of one record from the Leads module.
Sample Response:
{ "data": [ { "Owner.role.reporting_to": null, "Owner.profile.id": "4876876000000026011", "Owner.role.name": "CEO", "Owner.role.description": "crm.security.role.admin.desc", "Owner.role.share_data_with_peers": true, "Owner.role.id": "4876876000000026005", "id": "4876876000000333403" } ], "info": { "count": 1, "more_records": true } } |
Alias support
Supported operators : =, !=, in, not in, is null, is not null
Alias support in COQL allows users to simplify complex SELECT field names by giving them custom names or aliases. Using aliases in the SELECT column and ORDER BY class can make column names easier to understand and remember. For instance, What_Id->Leads.Last_Name from our previous example can be given an alias in the SELECT query as follows.
Sample Query
{ "select_query": "select 'What_Id->Leads.Last_Name' AS 'Lead Name' from Tasks where (('What_Id->Leads.id' in ('4876876000000900134','4876678000000900987')) AND ('What_Id->Leads.Industry' != 'ERP'))" } |
Sample Response:
{ "data": [ { "id": "4876876000001103044", "Lead Name": "Perry" } ], "info": { "count": 1, "more_records": false } } |
If you compare this response with the sample response in the what_Id section above, you can see that the key 'What_Id->Leads.Last_Name' is replaced with the Alias 'Lead Name' in here.
Aggregate Function Support in COQL
Aggregate functions in COQL allow you to perform calculations on groups of records in a module. The available aggregate functions include SUM, MIN, MAX, AVG, and COUNT.
1. SUM
Use this function to sum up the values of an aggregate field in a module.
Sample Query 1
{ "select_query":"select SUM(Grand_Total) from Quotes WHERE Quote_Stage = 'Draft' " } |
This Query uses the SUM function to calculate the total value of the Grand_Total field for all quotes in the Draft stage in the Quotes module.
Sample Response:
{ "data": [ { "SUM(Grand_Total)": 1073660 } ], "info": { "count": 1, "more_records": false } } |
Sample Query 2
{ "select_query": "select SUM(Grand_Total), Account_Name.Account_Name AS 'Account Name', Billing_Country from Invoices where ((Status != 'Paid') and ((Billing_Country ='USA') OR (Billing_Country = 'Canada'))) GROUP BY Account_Name.Account_Name, Billing_Country ORDER BY 'Account Name' ASC" } |
This query retrieves the total SUM of the Grand_Total field, along with the Account_Name and Billing_Country from the Invoices module for those records whose Status field is not equal to 'Paid' and the Billing_Country field is either 'USA' or 'Canada'. The results are grouped by the Account_Name and Billing_Country fields and ordered in ascending order based on the 'Account Name' field.
Note that the 'Account Name' field is specified using the AS keyword to provide an alias for the Account_Name.Account_Name field. We have used the alias for the ORDER BY clause.
Sample Response:
{ "data": [ { "Account Name": "SR Systems", "Billing_Country": "USA", "SUM(Grand_Total)": 2430000 }, { "Account Name": "SR Systems", "Billing_Country": "Canada", "SUM(Grand_Total)": 60000 }, { "Account Name": "Zylker systems", "Billing_Country": "Canada", "SUM(Grand_Total)": 378000 } ], "info": { "count": 3, "more_records": false } } |
The response JSON contains the SUM of the Grand_Total fields, Account Name and Billing_Country for each unique combination of Account Name and Billing Country fields that satisfies the filter criteria specified in the query.
2. MAX
Use this aggregate function to find the largest value of a field in a module.
Sample Query
{ "select_query": "select MAX(Amount) AS 'Maximum Deal Amount', Account_Name.Account_Name from Deals where ((Stage = 'Closed Won') AND (Type = 'Existing Business')) Group by Account_Name.Account_Name" } |
This Query selects the maximum Deal Amount for each account from the Deals module where the stage is Closed Won and the type is Existing Business.
Sample Response:
{ "data": [ { "Maximum Deal Amount": 6750000, "Account_Name.Account_Name": "Benton" }, { "Maximum Deal Amount": null, "Account_Name.Account_Name": "King" }, { "Maximum Deal Amount": 945000, "Account_Name.Account_Name": "Morlong Associates" } ], "info": { "count": 3, "more_records": false } } |
3. MIN
Use this aggregate function to find the smallest value of a field in a module. For example, you can use this function to find the Lowest Annual Revenue in the Leads module.
Sample Query: 1:
{ "select_query": "select MIN(Annual_Revenue) from Leads where Annual_Revenue is not null" } |
Sample Response:
{ "data": [ { "MIN(Annual_Revenue)": 348.3 } ], "info": { "count": 1, "more_records": false } } |
4. AVG
Use this aggregate function to find the average value of a field in a module.
Sample Query
{ "select_query": "SELECT AVG(Amount) AS 'Average Deal Amount' FROM Deals WHERE Type = 'New Business'" } |
This query calculates the average deal amount for all new business deals in the "Deals" module.
Sample Response:
{ "data": [ { "Average Deal Amount": 877366.8359999999 } ], "info": { "count": 1, "more_records": false } } |
5. COUNT
Use this aggregate function to count the number of records in a module satisfying a certain criteria. You can use this aggregate function only for number, lookup, and picklist fields.
Sample Query:
{ "select_query": "SELECT COUNT(Product_Category) FROM Products WHERE Product_Active = 'false'" } |
This sample query queries for the total number of inactive products in the Product module. Please be aware that if there are any products with no value for the product category field, they will not be included in the count.
Important points to remember
- COQL keywords are not case-sensitive.
- To prevent ambiguity, the criteria listed in the WHERE clause must be properly enclosed in brackets. If WHERE has more than two criteria such as A, B, and C, use them as either of the following:
- (A and (B and C))
- ((A and B) and C)
- A and (B and C)
- (A and B) and C.
- COQL supports only SELECT queries with WHERE, FROM, ORDER BY, LIMIT, and OFFSET clauses and aggregate functions SUM(), MAX(), MIN(), AVG(), and COUNT().
- The default sort order is ascending based on record ID if ORDER BY is not specified.
- Use the following format for :
- Date : YYYY-MM-DD
- DateTime : YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ss+/-HH:mm
- The default value for LIMIT is 200 and OFFSET is 0.
- A maximum of 10,000 records can be fetched using the API.
- Multi-line fields cannot be used in criteria.
- COQL doesn't support consent_lookup, subform, profileimage, multiselectlookup, fileupload datatypes.
- A maximum of 25 criteria can be included in the WHERE clause.
- A maximum of 50 field API names can be used in the SELECT column of the query.
Data Type | Supported Operators |
text | =, !=, like, not like, in, not in, is null, is not null |
picklist | =, !=, like, not like, in, not in, is null, is not null |
ownerlookup | =, !=, in, not in, is null, is not null |
lookup | =, !=, in, not in, is null, is not null |
date | =, !=, >=, >, <=, <, between, not between, in, not in, is null, is not null |
datetime | =, !=, >=, >, <=, <, between, not between, in, not in, is null, is not null |
currency | =, !=, >=, >, <=, <, between, not between, in, not in, is null, is not null |
boolean | = |
email | =, !=, like, not like, in, not in, is null, is not null |
phone | =, !=, like, not like, in, not in, is null, is not null |
website | =, !=, like, not like, in, not in, is null, is not null |
double | =, !=, >=, >, <=, <, between, not between, in, not in, is null, is not null |
bigint | =, !=, >=, >, <=, <, between, not between, in, not in, is null, is not null |
integer | =, !=, >=, >, <=, <, between, not between, in, not in, is null, is not null |
formula | If the return type is: Decimal/Currency/Date/Datetime : =, !=, >=, >, <=, <, between, not between, in, not in, is null, is not null String : =, !=, like, not like, in, not in, is null, is not null Boolean : = |
autonumber | =, !=, like, not like, in, not in, is null, is not null |
We hope you found this post useful. We will meet you next week with another interesting topic.
If you have any questions or feedback, please let us know in the comments below, or write to us at support@zohocrm.com. We would love to hear from you!
Additional Reading:
Access your files securely from anywhere
New to Zoho Recruit?
Zoho Developer Community
New to Zoho LandingPage?
Zoho LandingPage Resources
New to Zoho Survey?
New to Zoho CRM Plus?
Deliver unforgettable customer experiences
New to Zoho CRM Plus?
Deliver unforgettable customer experiences
New to Zoho Marketing Plus?
Everything you need to run your marketing
New to Zoho Marketing Plus?
Everything you need to run your marketing
New to Bigin?
Topic Participants
Anu Abraham
Arose Unity
Haiku Technical Support
Subramanian K
Sticky Posts
Kaizen #152 - Client Script Support for the new Canvas Record Forms
Hello everyone! Have you ever wanted to trigger actions on click of a canvas button, icon, or text mandatory forms in Create/Edit and Clone Pages? Have you ever wanted to control how elements behave on the new Canvas Record Forms? This can be achievedKaizen #142: How to Navigate to Another Page in Zoho CRM using Client Script
Hello everyone! Welcome back to another exciting Kaizen post. In this post, let us see how you can you navigate to different Pages using Client Script. In this Kaizen post, Need to Navigate to different Pages Client Script ZDKs related to navigation A.Kaizen #210 - Answering your Questions | Event Management System using ZDK CLI
Hello Everyone, Welcome back to yet another post in the Kaizen Series! As you already may know, for the Kaizen #200 milestone, we asked for your feedback and many of you suggested topics for us to discuss. We have been writing on these topics over theKaizen #197: Frequently Asked Questions on GraphQL APIs
🎊 Nearing 200th Kaizen Post – We want to hear from you! Do you have any questions, suggestions, or topics you would like us to cover in future posts? Your insights and suggestions help us shape future content and make this series better for everyone.Kaizen #198: Using Client Script for Custom Validation in Blueprint
Nearing 200th Kaizen Post – 1 More to the Big Two-Oh-Oh! Do you have any questions, suggestions, or topics you would like us to cover in future posts? Your insights and suggestions help us shape future content and make this series better for everyone.
New to Zoho TeamInbox?
Zoho TeamInbox Resources
Zoho CRM Plus Resources
Zoho Books Resources
Zoho Subscriptions Resources
Zoho Projects Resources
Zoho Sprints Resources
Qntrl Resources
Zoho Creator Resources
Zoho CRM Resources
Design. Discuss. Deliver.
Zoho Show Resources
Get Started. Write Away!
Writer is a powerful online word processor, designed for collaborative work.
Zoho CRM コンテンツ
-
オンラインヘルプ
-
Webセミナー
-
機能活用動画
-
よくある質問
-
Ebook
-
-
Zoho Campaigns
- Zoho サービスのWebセミナー
その他のサービス コンテンツ
Nederlandse Hulpbronnen
ご検討中の方
Recent Topics
Merge Tags Output Incorrect Placeholder Text After CRM Sync
Hi everyone, I’m experiencing an issue with merge tags in Zoho Campaigns after last sync of contacts and leads from Zoho CRM (days before everything worked perfectly). Here’s the situation (seems like a default configuration in Campaigns) : My leads haveUI Improvement - Ability to Collapse Flow
The UI for Flow is generally pretty good. However, when multiple decision trees are used, the layout can get pretty convoluted and hard-to-follow (see one of my Flows below): In these cases, even the auto-arrange fails to make this something that a normalWindows agent 2025_M02 release notes
Agent Version: 111.0.3.300 Release date: 24 February, 2025 Various Major enhancements to improve overall performance and optimize the user experience. Squashed a few bugs to improve overall product quality.Windows agent 2025_M01 release notes
Agent Version: 111.0.3.299 Release date: 05 February, 2025 Major Enhancement: Live Monitor feature compatibility released. Major Enhancement: Updated Scaling for multi technician cases with Android and Web based viewers. Various other bug fixes and performancehow to record deferred revenue?
Dear Zoho Team, We issue invoices relating to 12-month web hosting service. When we issue the invoice, we should record the entire amount of the invoice as DEFERRED REVENUE (ie. $10 x 12 mths = $120, balance sheet item). After the particular month of the hosting service, $10 of revenue has been earned and deferred revenue amount will be $110. We must keep adjusting the balance sheet and income statement over the course of the service until the company has fulfilled its obligation of services andNarrative 13: Importing your data
Behind the scenes of a successful ticketing system: BTS Series Narrative 13: Importing your data When importing data into an application, it is crucial to prevent data loss or duplication. These types of errors can hinder the development of a clean andBlueprint Not Triggering When Lead Status Is Updated by Workflow (IndiaMART Integration)
I have set up a blueprint that triggers when a lead’s status is “New Lead.” Our CRM is integrated with IndiaMART, and when leads are created from IndiaMART, their Lead Status is initially set to None. To handle this, I created a workflow that automaticallyUpdate Subform in specific field(Status) without affecting other fields in Zoho CRM using Deluge?
Scenario: PRODUCT Module(change name Plot) in any product status change From Available to Booked then on PROJECT Custom Module have Subform So, Subform name is Property Details now in that Subform 1 field is STATUS that update according to product statusYouTube Live #2: Agreement Intelligence with Zoho Sign's eSign AI assistant
Hi there, We're back again with our YouTube live series and this time, we'll take you through our holistic agreement intelligence powered signature workflows. Struggling to draft an agreement? Need help double-checking clauses and going through complicatedCan I Build a POS using ZOHO creator and integrate it with ZOHO Books?
Hello, I have a Zoho Books account and I was wondering if I can have a POS system that integrates with it. Primarily with Inventory, Customers and Payment and ofcourse Create invoices and credit notes. So, would Zoho creator provide me with this solution? Thank you,An important update for Zoho Cliq desktop users
The latest version of the Zoho Cliq desktop app (v1.8.0) will no longer be supported on macOS 10.15 Catalina and earlier versions. This is because the framework we use (Electron) no longer supports some older macOS versions. If you’re using macOS 10.15Zoho Projects - Visual improvement to parent and sub-task relationship
Hi Projects Team, My feature request is to improve sub-task visibility. Please see screenshot below. I really think parent child relationships could be visually improved. Even if the first letter of the parent task was inline with other same level tasksItems Below Reorder Point Report?
Is there a way to run a report of Items that are below the Reorder Point? I don't see this as a specific report, nor can I figure out how to customize any of the other stock reports to give me this information. Please tell me I'm missing something sNew Toolbar in Zoho Sheet
We have revamped our toolbar design in this new version of Zoho Sheet. Below are some screenshots to help you get accustomed to this new interface. Click on the picture below to view the animated image in its original size. Scroll down this post to learn about the changes. Highlight of Changes: The previous format tab is now split into 2 tabs - Home and Format. The Home tab contains the commonly used functions and the Format tab holds formatting related options. Under the Home tab towards the farZoho inbuilt Telephony made a lot of issues!
Hi there, I am a user that I am working with zoho inbuilt telephony around 1 month. Non of my colleagues are happy with this app! most of the time customer cannot hear my customer service team, customers say our voice is breaking. whenever Telephony supportSending workflow notifications using popular chat services
Hello everyone, We have introduced instant and scheduled notifications on some of the most popular chat platforms to facilitate easy collaboration, quick action, and wider reach. Workflow notifications can be sent to the following chat platforms: ZohoWebhook not firing.
I created a webhook using the Web UI, it looks very nice and the testing worked without an issue, but when i save/ update a ticket, the webhook is not firing. Here are the details of the web-hook i get from using the API "modifiedTime": "2019-10-22T09:23:37.380Z",Adding Images to a Quote in Zoho CRM
We are currently preparing to use Quotes in Zoho CRM and we are building out our Quote templates. We came across an issue of not being to add Images of the products to the Quote - specifically in the body of the Quote templates. This is a problem,Applications built with Zoho Creator
Hi, I’m really interested in seeing how others have built their application using Zoho Creator, especially those designed for external users (clients, vendors, or the public). If you’ve developed something along those lines and don’t mind sharing, I’dIn arattai received message can't be deleted
The issue has been noticed in following: arattai app (Android) arattai app (Window) arattai web While the message posted by me may be deleted, the ones received from others can't be. The item <Delete> change to <Report> when the message is a receivedIs it posssible to add Asap Widget on Wordpress?
I have tried to add the ASAP widget so users could iniciate chats and see the KB information but nothings seems to work. I have tried to add the script using a php snippet that adds the to the footers and also tried one for the header in the functioRequire ticket resolution
Hi Zoho team, Is there a way to require resolution even if an agent did not use a blueprint? for example, our blueprint has a "resolve" transition but what if agent revoked blueprint and manually set the status of ticket to closed? Is there a way whereTables from ZohoSheets remove images when updated from source
I have a few tables from a ZohoSheet in a ZohoWriter document that will remove the images in the cells when I refresh from the source. The source still has the images in the table when I go to refresh. After updating from the source, as you can see theAPI Pagination Error: 'from' Parameter Limit
Hello, I am encountering an error while paging through the Zoho Desk API results: Status code: 422 - {"errorCode":"UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY","message":"The value passed for field 'from' exceeds the range of '0-4999'."} Is 5000 the maximum number of recordsHow to go to the next open ticket in the queue when agents closes ticket
Zoho Desk When agent closes a ticket - eg when they choose 'Send and Close" - where is the setting that automatically redirects them to the next open ticket in the queue?External download link limit
Can You please help us to understand this For Zoho WorkDrive external users, the download limit is a maximum of 5 GB total download size and a maximum of 50 first-level files and folders What is the meaning of first level? We are using these files inCRM verify details pop-up
Was there a UI change recently that involves the Verify Details pop-up when changing the Stage of a Deal to certain things? I can't for the life of me find a workflow or function, blueprint, validation rule, layout rule ect that would randomly make itAutomatically Add Recurring Zoho Meeting Events to Zoho Calendar / Zoho Meeting Calendar
Hello Zoho Meeting Team, Hope you are doing well. We would like to request an enhancement regarding recurring meetings created inside Zoho Meeting. At the moment, when we schedule a recurring meeting in Zoho Meeting, it does not appear in Zoho CalendarThe difference between Zoho Marketing Automation and Zoho Campaigns
Greetings Marketers! This post aims to differentiate between Zoho Marketing Automation and Zoho Campaigns. By the time you get to the end of the post, you will be able to choose a product that objectively suits you. What is Zoho Marketing Automation?Custom templates for calendar report
What about being able to design custom templates for the calendar report, as well as for other types of reports? I think more users are waiting for this.Print a price list or price book
Hi Community. Am I right in concluding that Zoho has no functionality to print a price list from either Zoho CRM, Zoho Inventory or Zoho Books? I won't get stuck on the fact that Zoho doesn't sync price books between Zoho CRM and Books/Inventory (moreDisable payment thank-you emails
Hello, can someone please tell me how to disable sending of the "Payment Thank-You" emails?Maximum tags possible in Contacts Records
I read in some documentation that Zoho allows a total of 200 tags across all records. Is this correct? So is it not possible to have one tag per record for 500 records?Any way to "Pay with Check" or "Refund with Check" for Credit Notes?
When we have a Bill in Zoho Books, we can select the "Pay with Check" option which then allows us to print/cut the check directly out of Zoho Books. When we created a Credit Note and want to refund the customer, is there any way to Refund with Check,CRM Mobile reports
When our engineers finish a job they like to email the customer a job report. This is best done todate as an email template but we can find no way to include an image field from that module. Is there any other options?When Zoho Tables Beta will be open to EU data center
Hello all, We in EU are looking at you all using and testing and are getting jealous :) When we will be able to get into the beta also? We don't mind testing and playing with beta software. Thank you!Start Form on a different page (i.e., hide form pages)?
I have a Zoho form that uses the `Field Alias - Prefill URL` feature. My goal is to have a pre-filled field that directs the user to a specific starting page in the form. For example: The URL will have a field alias that will auto-populate a field withHow can we disable "My Requests"?
We are not using this functionality in our system at all and our users get confused.PayPal payment received recording problem
Hi, A little while back one of our customers used the PayPal payment option to pay an invoice For some reason though the payment is showing up twice within the Payments section of the invoice! Instead of setting the invoice value to ZERO, it now shows a negative value Anyone else face this problem? I've checked PayPal and there is only 1 payment in reality... A bug? Actonia ps: for anyone from Zoho Customer Service or tech team, its Invoice 785 in our accountstring(87) "{"code":"INVALID_TOKEN","details":{},"message":"invalid oauth token","status":"error"} " grtting this error
Using access token i am trying to add sales orders through api but it is throwing errors like the above i have mentioned. Please help me for thatNext Page