Kaizen #92 - Bulk Read in PHP SDK

Kaizen #92 - Bulk Read in PHP SDK

Heya! Welcome back to the PHP SDK fold in our Kaizen series.

In this post, we will explore how to use bulk read APIs and how to structure the criteria format for different field data types in PHP SDK based on v4 APIs. This will ease your process of handling large volumes of data in an efficient and streamlined manner. 

What does Bulk Read API do?

The Bulk Read API helps you to fetch large volumes of data that meet specific criteria in a single request. Unlike the GET Records API , which has a limitation of 200 records per call, the Bulk Read API allows you to extract bulk data, 200k records, for data synchronisation purposes. This prevents the need for you to fire multiple API calls which can easily drain your daily credits.

This Bulk Read is asynchronous, thus the result for your request will not be available immediately. So, you will have to either poll the bulk read job status API to know the status or specify a callback URL for Zoho CRM to send notifications regarding the process. 

The CRM system processes your request and returns the results in either a CSV or ICS (for Meetings/Events module) zipped file. To download your result, use the job ID given in the response of bulk read job API .

This entire process can be wrapped into three stages as given below, 
  • Creating a Bulk Read Job 
  • Checking the status of a Bulk Read Job
  • Downloading the CSV/ICS data zip

Create a Bulk Read Job

1. Adding Callback URL

To get notified of the progress and results of the bulk read job, add a callback URL to the request body using the following format. 
$requestWrapper = new RequestWrapper();

$callbackVar = new CallBack();

$callbackVar->setUrl(" your_callback_url ");

$callbackVar->setMethod(new Choice("post"));

$requestWrapper->setCallback($callbackVar);
The method for callback URL is typically set to POST as it helps the client to send the required data along with the url to handle the callback appropriately.

2. Structuring a Query

A query comprises multiple parameters such as your desired module, fields, custom view ID, page value, file-type and criteria.

A criterion is typically a filter/condition used in a query to narrow down the data to your desired set of records. Criteria can include one or more conditions and you can combine them using group operators like 'and' and 'or' to create more complex filtering logic. 

Each condition in the criteria comprises three components.
  • Field - It refers to the field API name of the record, which you want to use for filtering purpose.
  • Comparator - It determines how the value of the specified field has to be evaluated.
  • Value - It represents the value of the field against which the record has to be evaluated.
This helps you to retrieve only the relevant records, thereby optimising the performance and reducing the amount of data transferred.

To enhance the understanding of how to structure a criterion, it is necessary to address these group operators and comparators before delving into it.

Group Operators 

Group Operators are used to perform logical operations on multiple conditions within a query. They help you in grouping multiple conditions together to create complex search criteria.The possible group operators are 'and' and 'or'.
  • and - It specifies that all conditions within the group must be satisfied for a record to be included in the query result.
  • or - It specifies that any of the conditions within the group can be satisfied for a record to be included in the query result.
These operators provide flexibility in constructing queries and retrieve the desired set of records from your CRM system with ease.

Comparators

Comparators are used in a query condition to specify the type of comparison that should be performed between a field and a value. They define the relationship between the field and the value and determine how the records are filtered. Refer to this help document to find the possible comparators with their field datatypes. 

An example of each datatype is given in PHP for your better understanding. 
Data Type
Example
  Number

$conditionVar = new Criteria();
$field = new MinifiedFields();
$field ->setAPIName("Amount");
$conditionVar>setField($field);
$conditionVar->setComparator(new Choice("greater_than"));
$conditionVar->setValue(10000);
  Multi-select 

$conditionVar = new Criteria();
$field = new MinifiedFields();
$field ->setAPIName("owner");
$conditionVar>setField($field);
$conditionVar->setComparator(new Choice("in"));
$owner = ["5545974393001", "5545974393011"]
$conditionVar->setValue($owner);
  DateTime                                   

$conditionVar = new Criteria();
$field = new MinifiedFields();
$field->setAPIName("Created_Time");
$conditionVar>setField($field);
$conditionVar->setComparator(new Choice("between"));
$createdTime = [date_create("2023-05-01T17:58:47+05:30")->setTimezone(new \DateTimeZone(date_default_timezone_get())), date_create("2023-06-01T17:58:47+05:30")->setTimezone(new \DateTimeZone(date_default_timezone_get()))];
$conditionVar->setValue($createdTime);
  Boolean

$conditionVar = new Criteria();
$field = new MinifiedFields();
$field ->setAPIName("Email_Opt_Out");
$conditionVar>setField($field);
$conditionVar->setComparator(new Choice("equal"));
$conditionVar->setValue(false);
  Lookup

$conditionVar = new Criteria();
$field = new MinifiedFields();
$field ->setAPIName("owner.last_name");
$conditionVar>setField($field);
$conditionVar->setComparator(new Choice("equal"));
$conditionVar->setValue("Boyle");

Structuring Simple Criteria

Below is a query format with a simple criterion of two conditions to filter your records from the given module. 

$criteriaVar = new Criteria();

$criteriaVar->setGroupOperator(new Choice("operatorValue"));

$conditionVar1 = new Criteria();

$fieldVar = new MinifiedFields();

$fieldVar->setAPIName("Field_API_Name");

$conditionVar1->setField($fieldVar);

$conditionVar1->setComparator(new Choice("comparatorValue"));

$conditionVar1->setValue("Field_Value");

$conditionVar2 = new Criteria();

$field = new MinifiedFields();

$field->setAPIName("Field_API_Name");

$conditionVar2->setField($fieldVar);

$conditionVar2->setComparator(new Choice("comparatorValue"));

$conditionVar2->setValue("Field_Value");

$criteriaVar->setGroup([$conditionVar1,$conditionVar2]);

$query->setCriteria($criteriaVar);

$requestWrapper->setQuery($query);

In the above format, the group operator is used for two different conditions.

Following is the json format of this simple criteria.
{
    "query": {
        "criteria": {
            "group_operator": "operatorValue",
            "group": [
                {
                    "comparator": "comparatorValue",
                    "field": {
                        "api_name": "Field_API_Name"
                    },
                    "value": "Field_Value"
                },
                {
                    "comparator": "comparatorValue",
                    "field": {
                        "api_name": "Field_API_Name"
                    },
                    "value": "Field_Value"
                }
            ]
        }
    }
}

Structuring Complex Criteria

To structure a criterion with four different conditions follow the below format.

//top-level group criteria with 2 different groups comprising of 2 different conditions each

$criteria = new Criteria();

$criteria->setGroupOperator(new Choice("operatorValue"));

//group1 with 2 different conditions

$groupVar1 = new Criteria();

$groupVar1->setGroupOperator(new Choice("operatorValue"));

$conditionVar11 = new Criteria();

$field11 = new MinifiedFields();

$field11->setAPIName("Field_API_Name");

$conditionVar11->setField($field11);

$conditionVar11->setComparator(new Choice("comparatorValue"));

$conditionVar11->setValue("Value");

$conditionVar12 = new Criteria();

$field12 = new MinifiedFields();

$field12->setAPIName("Field_API_Name");

$conditionVar12->setField($field21);

$conditionVar12->setComparator(new Choice("comparatorValue"));

$conditionVar12->setValue("Value");

$groupVar1->setGroup([$conditionVar11, $conditionVar12]);

//group2 with 2 different conditions

$groupVar2 = new Criteria();

$groupVar2->setGroupOperator(new Choice("operatorValue"));

$conditionVar21 = new Criteria();

$field21 = new MinifiedFields();

$field21->setAPIName("Field_API_Name");

$conditionVar21->setField($field21);

$conditionVar21->setComparator(new Choice("comparatorValue"));

$conditionVar21->setValue("Value");

$conditionVar22 = new Criteria();

$field22 = new MinifiedFields();

$field22->setAPIName("Field_API_Name");

$conditionVar22->setField($field22);

$conditionVar22->setComparator(new Choice("comparatorValue"));

$conditionVar22->setValue("Value");

$groupVar2->setGroup([$conditionVar21, $conditionVar22]);

//pushing the groups to the top-level group criteria

$criteria->setGroup([$groupVar1, $groupVar2]);

In the above format, two group variables ($groupVar1 and $groupVar2) are created, each representing a nested group of conditions. Both the groups are further assigned to the top-level group variable ($criteria). 

The json arrangement of the above format is given for your clarity.
{
    "query": {
        "criteria": {
            "group_operator": "operatorValue",
            "group": [
                {
                    "group_operator": "operatorValue",
                    "group": [
                        {
                            "comparator": "comparatorValue",
                            "field": {
                                "api_name": "Field_API_Name"
                            },
                            "value": "Field_Value"
                        },
                        {
                            "comparator": "comparatorValue",
                            "field": {
                                "api_name": "Field_API_Name"
                            },
                            "value": "Field_Value"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "group_operator": "operatorValue",
                    "group": [
                        {
                            "comparator": "comparatorValue",
                            "field": {
                                "api_name": "Field_API_Name"
                            },
                            "value": "Field_Value"
                        },
                        {
                            "comparator": "comparatorValue",
                            "field": {
                                "api_name": "Field_API_Name"
                            },
                            "value": "Field_Value"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ]
        }
     }
}

The default file type is CSV. To bulk read the Events module always prefer the ICS file type. Refer to this resource to fetch the custom view IDs, module and field API names. 

Below is a sample code for creating a bulk read job with compound criteria. The criteria follow this arrangement ((1 and 2) or (3 or 4)) of conditions.

<?php

use com\zoho\crm\api\bulkread\BulkReadOperations;
use com\zoho\crm\api\bulkread\CallBack;
use com\zoho\crm\api\util\Choice;
use com\zoho\crm\api\bulkread\Query;
use com\zoho\crm\api\bulkread\Criteria;
use com\zoho\crm\api\bulkread\RequestWrapper;
use com\zoho\crm\api\modules\MinifiedModule;
use com\zoho\crm\api\fields\MinifiedFields;
require_once "vendor/autoload.php";

class CreateBulkReadJob
{
public static function initialize()
    {
        // Add initialisation code
        // Refer to this article for more help
    }
    public static function createBulkReadJob(string $moduleAPIName)
    {
        $bulkReadOperations = new BulkReadOperations();
        $requestWrapper = new RequestWrapper();
        $callback = new CallBack();
        $callback->setUrl("https://www.callback.com/example");
        $callback->setMethod(new Choice("post"));
        $requestWrapper->setCallback($callback);

        //query
        $query = new Query();
        $module = new MinifiedModule();
        $module->setAPIName($moduleAPIName);
        $query->setModule($module);
        $query->setCvid("34770610087501");
        $query->setFields(["Last_Name"]);
        $query->setPage(1);

        //top-level group criteria with 2 different groups comprising of 2 different conditions each
        $criteria = new Criteria();
        $criteria->setGroupOperator(new Choice("or"));
        $criteriaList = array();

        //group1 with 2 different conditions
        $groupVar1 = new Criteria();
        $groupVar1->setGroupOperator(new Choice("and"));

        $conditionVar11 = new Criteria();
        $field11= new MinifiedFields();
        $field11->setAPIName("Last_Name");
        $conditionVar11->setField($field11);
        $conditionVar11->setComparator(new Choice("equal"));
        $conditionVar11->setValue("Boyle");
        
        $conditionVar12 = new Criteria();
        $field12 = new MinifiedFields();
        $field->setAPIName("Owner");
        $conditionVar12->setField($field12);
        $conditionVar12->setComparator(new Choice("in"));
        $owner = array("5545974000000393001","5545974000000393011");
        $conditionVar12->setValue($owner);
        $groupVar1->setGroup([$conditionVar11, $conditionVar12]);

         //group2 with 2 different conditions
        $groupVar2 = new Criteria();
        $groupVar2->setGroupOperator(new Choice("or"));

        $conditionVar21 = new Criteria();
        $field21 = new MinifiedFields();
        $field21->setAPIName("Company");
        $conditionVar21->setField($field21);
        $conditionVar21->setComparator(new Choice("equal"));
        $conditionVar21->setValue("Morlong Associates");
        
        $conditionVar22 = new Criteria();
        $field22= new MinifiedFields();
        $field22->setAPIName("Created_Time");
        $conditionVar22->setField($field22);
        $conditionVar22->setComparator(new Choice("between"));
        $createdTime = array(date_create("2023-04-15T17:58:47+05:30")->setTimezone(new \DateTimeZone(date_default_timezone_get())), date_create("2023-06-01T17:58:47+05:30")->setTimezone(new \DateTimeZone(date_default_timezone_get())));
        $conditionVar22->setValue($createdTime);
        $groupVar2->setGroup([$conditionVar21, $conditionVar22]);

         //pushing the groups to the top-level group criteria
        $criteria->setGroup($criteriaList);
        $query->setCriteria($criteria);
        $requestWrapper->setQuery($query);
        // $requestWrapper->setFileType(new Choice("ics")); for Events module
        $response = $bulkReadOperations->createBulkReadJob($requestWrapper);
        //Add your code to handle the response received in $response
        // For more details, refer here.
    }
}
CreateBulkReadJob::initialize();
$moduleAPIName = "Leads";
CreateBulkReadJob::createBulkReadJob($moduleAPIName);
?>

2. Status of a Bulk Read Job

To keep track of the status of your bulk read job, use the id provided in the details section of your bulk read job response. 

Here is a sample code for checking the status of a bulk read job.

<?php

use com\zoho\crm\api\bulkread\BulkReadOperations;

require_once "vendor/autoload.php";

class GetBulkReadJobDetails
{
public static function initialize()        
    {
        // Add initialisation code
        // Refer to this article for more help 
    }

    public static function getBulkReadJobDetails(string $jobId)
    {
        $bulkReadOperations = new BulkReadOperations();
        $response = $bulkReadOperations->getBulkReadJobDetails($jobId);
        //Add your code to handle the response received in $response
        // For more details, refer here.
    }
}
GetBulkReadJobDetails::initialize();
$jobId = "55459743108003";
GetBulkReadJobDetails::getBulkReadJobDetails($jobId);
?>

3. Download Bulk Read Result

To download your bulk read job result, use the job id mentioned in the bulk read job response. Additionally, provide the path of the destination folder where you would like to download the result. The result will be downloaded as a zip file containing CSV/ICS files.
Here is a sample code for downloading a bulk read job result.

<?php

namespace samples\bulkread;

use com\zoho\crm\api\bulkread\BulkReadOperations;

require_once "vendor/autoload.php";

class DownloadResult
{
public static function initialize()
    {
        // Add initialisation code
        // Refer to this article for more help  
    }
    public static function downloadResult(string $jobId, string $destinationFolder)
    {
        $bulkReadOperations = new BulkReadOperations();
        $response = $bulkReadOperations->downloadResult($jobId);
        $streamWrapper = $response->getObject()->getFile();
        fputs(fopen($destinationFolder . "/" . $streamWrapper->getName(), "w"), $streamWrapper->getStream());
        //Add your code to handle the response received in $response
        // For more details, refer here.
    }
}
DownloadResult::initialize();
$jobId = "55459743108003";
$destinationFolder = "/Downloads";
DownloadResult::downloadResult($jobId, $destinationFolder);
?>

We hope you found this post useful and engaging! 

If you have any queries, feel free to drop them in the comments section below or reach out to us directly at support@zohocrm.com. We value your thoughts and eagerly look forward to hearing from you.

Stay tuned for more enriching posts coming your way soon!

Cheers!

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                                                                                                              Hello everyone, I was wondering something, we did the Zoho projects integration with Zoho Workdrive but nowhere during this integration we could set the location of the folders that would be automatically created in Workdrive. As I understand it, it creates

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                                                                                                              編集モードで、Scriptを埋め込みたい項目を選択し、「項目のプロパティ」パネルで、その下のほうに「フィールドアクション（Field Actions）」という見出しがあると聞いたのですが、そもそも、それが見つかりません。そのために、On User Inputなどのイベントが選べません。 画面の英語を日本語に訳しているためにわけわからん状態になっているのかも知れませんが、わかる方、いらっしゃいますか？

                                                                                                            • Problem with cloud query exceeded

                                                                                                              When making a call I get this error, It is associated with a function in node that calls external APIs This is the code //tokenConsultar = thisapp.ObtenerToken(); //input.token = tokenConsultar.get("output").toMap().get("token");

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                                                                                                              Hi, We are using the funnel type chart for displaying our zCRM sales pipeline stages and associated sum of deals in each stage.  We have configured the legend to show the associated value (Deal Amount (Sum)) for each stage adjacent to the legend items (Stages). Is there a way to display the total of the values in the same chart?  For example, at the bottom of the legend or maybe as a #merge placeholder in the legend title?

                                                                                                            • How to Convert VCF Contacts to CSV using Excel

                                                                                                              Many users switch from traditional address books to digital formats like vCard and CSV. These formats allow users to easily manage their contacts. However, a difficulty comes when you need to transfer your contact information to another application or

                                                                                                            • Field authorization for Linking module in Zoho CRM portal

                                                                                                              Hi guys! Currently building a customer portal for one of my clients, and I ran into a bit of a roadblock while using a multi-select lookup field. The issue is that there is no way to hide or define access in the linking module created by this multi-select

                                                                                                            • Kaizen #63 - Layout Rules in Zoho CRM

                                                                                                              Hello and welcome to another week of Kaizen! This week, we will be discussing Layout Rules in Zoho CRM. If you need to modify the layout of a module based on user inputs, or to show or hide sections based on the value of a specific field, we have got

                                                                                                            • Zoho CRM Portals - allow access per account

                                                                                                              Hello all, I am trying to set up a portal for our customer but I seem to be hitting an obstacle and I am not sure if it is my problem or a limitation in the software. So basically the way I understand the portal Contact Email > Each Record or Related

                                                                                                            • Android - Writer não acentua em Português com teclado bluetooth

                                                                                                              Gosto muito do Zoho, tanto o Note quando o Writer. Infelizmente, o Writer sofre de um problema sério: ao usar um teclado bluetooth, forma mais cômoda de lidar com um processador de texto, os acentos (todos!) da Língua Portuguesa não são aceitos. Todos

                                                                                                            • Set File Upload fields as mandatory

                                                                                                              Currently the CRM for some reason lacks the ability to set a file upload field as mandatory So we have an issue We have a requirement that before a Deal stage is set as Deal is Won the member needs to upload a file Now for some weird reason in Zoho I

                                                                                                            • Editing HTML in Zoho CRM Email Template

                                                                                                              I am trying to create a template within the CRM email option, but need to be able to use custom HTML. There does not seem to be a way to do so.

                                                                                                            • Ability to CC on a mass email

                                                                                                              Ability to CC someone on a mass email.

                                                                                                            • How to make attachments mandatory

                                                                                                              I want the user to be unable to mark an opportunity as Closed – Won if it doesn’t have any attachments. I’ve already tried client scripts and functions, but nothing worked.

                                                                                                            • SLA Ticket Report

                                                                                                              From data to decisions: A deep dive into ticketing system reports Service level agreement (SLA) ticket reports in a help desk system are crucial for ensuring that services are delivered according to established commitments. They help maintain accountability

                                                                                                            • Zoho Backstage - PCI Compliance / Web Security

                                                                                                              I have a couple of questions related to Backstage and payment processing.... 1. my purchasing division is not giving approval to use Backstage yet because of some security issues. In order for us to take payments via a payment gateway like Authorize.net

                                                                                                            • Zoho Tables August 2025 Update: Faster and Smoother

                                                                                                              We’ve been working behind the scenes to make Zoho Tables faster, lighter, and more reliable. Here are the highlights: Faster Response Times Optimised the way responses are generated. Reduced memory consumption by 20–25%, leading to smoother performance

                                                                                                            • Video Upload from app says "unsupported aspect ratio" but is verified to be correct.

                                                                                                              I and my social media person are experiencing a problem where Social will not accept video uploads to Instagram. The error we receive is "unsupported aspect ratio" but looking directly at the file in question we see that the width and ratio both match

                                                                                                            • Disposable Email Addresses

                                                                                                              Dear zMail Team, Can you also bring out a few disposable email addresses for each accounts? That way occasional registrations and imminent spam from them can be largely solved right? ---- Deepak Vasudevan http://thamizhththendral.blogspot.com/

                                                                                                            • Zoho sheet - Zoho expense

                                                                                                              I want to schedule to create an expense using Zoho Sheet and flow. That is the EMI that I pay on a particular date to the bank and should be itemised, like principal and interest on the loan. Can someone help me in this regard??

                                                                                                            • Ability to configure a schedule/shift for each user and/or crew in Zoho FSM

                                                                                                              Hello, In our team of Field Agents, we have different shifts. Some field agent always work from 7:00 AM to 4:00 PM while others work the evening shift like 4:00 PM to 11:00 PM. Sometime shift are on weekdays only or on weekend. It would be great to be

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                                                                                                              Hello Everyone! Have you been wondering about bridging the gap between digitised customer service and business paperwork? Join our free webinar to learn how you can do this by connecting Zoho Sign, our digital signature app, with Zoho Desk, our online

                                                                                                            • Zoho Books | Product updates | July 2025

                                                                                                              Hello users, We’ve rolled out new features and enhancements in Zoho Books. From plan-based trials to the option to mark PDF templates as inactive, explore the updates designed to enhance your bookkeeping experience. Introducing Plan Based Trials in Zoho

                                                                                                            • Mail Search should allow grouping by conversation like Gmail.

                                                                                                              Having switched from gmail I have found the search function hard to use. Mostly because mail is not grouped by conversation in search. If I search for a word when looking for a conversation had with someone then sometimes 10 emails will come up from the

                                                                                                            • Improve Zoho Learn updated article notifications

                                                                                                              I noticed today while updating an article, that the notification users get says "[User Name] has published article [Article Name]..." My feedback to the product team is that it would be really helpful for an end user, if the system notification differentiated

                                                                                                            • Safari Support

                                                                                                              Safari, the world's second largest browser, zoho desk does not officially or fully support. That needs to change.

                                                                                                            • Can I get images from an "Image Upload" field in a webhook?

                                                                                                              I want to send images from 2 "image upload" fields via a webhook. Is this possible?

                                                                                                            • Ticket closure notification - all contacts cc'd on email thread

                                                                                                              Hello, If a client sends an email to our service desk and cc's in other people that work at the same company - so that they are in the loop of the service request. When the we close the ticket, only the ticket owner (person who emailed us - which created

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